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Mahmoodi1,a M.Ghoranneviss2, a D.Hanifeh3, a Kh.Mehrani4, b M.Rahbar Zareh5, a 1Plasma Physic Research Center, Science and Research branches, Islamic Azad University, P.O.Box:14665-678 Tehran, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Ardebil Branches, Islamic Azad University na.mahmoodi@gmail.com Key words: carbon nanotubes, electron beam bombardment, catalyst Abstract.
Introduction Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are quasi one-dimensional nano structures with extreme mechanical characteristics and tuneable electrical properties [1] A.
The growth CNTs structures were confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and were further characterized using SEM.

Meanwhile microwave chemistry with the feature of high thermal efficiency and easy operation, is adopted recently on such raw materials for further utilization
After vinasse is treated by alkali, on one hand, pH value of fermentation broth is adjusted, and make the pH value of initial rection at neutral state, which is suitable for fermentation, on the other hand, alkali pretreatment reduces the lignin content of vinasse to a certain extent, destroyes the tight structure among cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose by saponification of sodium hydroxide, reduces the degree of polymerization and crystallinity of raw materials, and that brings about swelling action and increases accessibility [5] so as to enhance efficiency of L-lactic acid by fermentation.
It shows that, after a simple microwave pretreatment of the vinasse, in some extent the cellulose -hemicellulose - crystal structure of lignin is undermined, their network connections key loosen, cellulose and hemicellulose exposed [6], however, without the further swelling damage of alkali, it is possible that the vinasse forms a greater recovery when the temperature returns to the room temperature.

The Relationship between Mg Content and Extra-Hardening in Ultrafine Grained Al-Mg Alloy by SPD Yuto Suzuki1,a*, Yuichi Shiono1, Taiki Morishige2,b, Toshihide Takenaka2,c 1Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, 564-8680, Japan 2Faculty of Chemistry, Material and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, 564-8680, Japan ak649093@kansai-u.ac.jp, btmorishi@kansai-u.ac.jp, cttakenak@kansai-u.ac.jp Keywords: Severe Plastic Deformation, Al-Mg alloy, ECAP, Ultrafine grains, work hardening.
Al-Mg alloys were applied heat treatment to obtain equiaxial grain structure.
The specimen of before ECAP processed had equiaxed grain structure, grain size of it was 134 μm.

Then, it is convenient to construct the regression function as follows: (12) The establishing of the wastewater treatment plant effluent model Based on SVM wastewater treatment plant effluent model, the key problem is to determine the input mode, the selection of training samples and model selection of structure parameters.
Training the SVM model with the optimization parameters using training sample, and determine the structure of the SVM model. 4.
China Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Vol(25) 2007, p. 21-23 [4] Vapnik V.N.: The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory (NewYork: Springer-Verlag,1995) [5] Ivanciuc O., in: Applications of Support vector Machines in Chemistry.

In this paper, flat electrode structure is used to simplify vacuum breaker contactor structure and the formation of proximal cathode region was researched from the viewpoint of the micro parameters of before-arc process of vacuum arc and changing with space-time to reveal electron, ion distribution change regularity in before-arc in two dimensional space which can research and control the development of the vacuum arc and have a more profound significance.
The electron diffusivity, energy mobility and energy diffusivity are computed from the electron mobility using: , , (4) The source coefficients in the above equations are determined by the plasma chemistry using rate coefficients.

Large caliber gun is a special kind of mechanical device, in addition to the general mechanical characteristics, also involves the gunpowder gas chemistry and flushing action, especially high impact while firing which makes frequent gun failure [1], and affects the completion of combat mission.
Measuring Principle and Decoration Method of Resistance Strain Gauges In engineering practice, the bearing stress of the structure usually cannot be directly measured but by pasting strain gauges [5].
By (3), the value of strain could be calculated by monitoring the change of resistance of the resistance strain gauges pasted on the surface of the structure.

FA-CMP condense abrasives into small abrasive blocks with specific three-dimensional structure by using resin binder and forming a polish pad with composite structure by pasting or inlaying the blocks on the surface of base material with thin organic film according to certain rules.
Formation of super-smooth surface without damaging lies on the uniform chemistry on the interface and the mechanical effect of abrasive and polish pad with the reaction film.

China. 2School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, Anhui 232001, P.
The active areas were enlarged due to the rough surfaces of the Ti/PbO2/Pr2O3 electrode [11]. 3.2 Crystal structure of PbO2 electrodes Fig.2 XRD patterns of two different PbO2 electrodes Comparing the obtained diffraction peaks to standard cards [12], no diffraction peak corresponding to Pr2O3 was observed and the main diffraction peaks of Ti/PbO2/Pr2O3 electrode were β-PbO2.
Yan, Effect of electrochemical modification method on structures and properties of praseodymium doped lead dioxide anodes, Journal of The Electrochemical Society. 160 (2013) 53-59

Some studies have proved that calcium phosphate ceramics with special structure could induce bone formation in soft tissue [5].
The chemistry of Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) the ceramics was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Original magnification (A) 40×; (B) 100×; (C) 400× The chemical composition and physical structure of ceramics are the major factors to initiate the osteoinduction of biomaterials and determine their osteoinductive capacity.

Study on Photochromic and Optical Storage Composite Properties of a Novel Diarylethene Bearing Isoxazole Unit Xue Li, Weijun Liu and Gang Liu* Jiangxi Key Lab of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China liugang0926@163.com Keywords: Isoxazole; Photochromism; Fluorescence; Optical storage Abstract.
However, the structure of isoxazole is similar to that of oxazole.
The structures of diarylethenes 1a were confirmed by 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, TMS): δ2.16 (s, 6H, -CH3), 2.32 (s, 3H, -CH3), 7.18 (s, 1H, thiophene-H), 7.787 (s, 1H, phenanthrene-H ), 7.617-7.654 (t, 2H, phenanthrene-H), 7.687-7.707 (t, 2H, phenanthrene-H), 8.056-8.077 (d, 2H, phenanthrene-H), 8.697-8.785 (d, 2H, phenanthrene-H).