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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Lei Zhong, Hui Zou, Xin Hao
After searching and screening, get in line with the requirements of the research on data integration [4-12], which contains the CH4 emission data of 51, distributed in 7 test points.
The rice planting area of Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou rice planting area in yearbook data were searched.
In this study, the rice average CH4 emissions of the foundation data were calculated for the study area CH4 fluxes by using SPSS software.
Results and Analysis CH4 emission reduction potential.
Although the potential reduction per unit area was the smallest in suzhou, but the total emissions reduction potential was 15.51%, the total emissions reduction potential was the smallest instead of wuxi, due to wuxi rice planting area was smallest.
The rice planting area of Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou rice planting area in yearbook data were searched.
In this study, the rice average CH4 emissions of the foundation data were calculated for the study area CH4 fluxes by using SPSS software.
Results and Analysis CH4 emission reduction potential.
Although the potential reduction per unit area was the smallest in suzhou, but the total emissions reduction potential was 15.51%, the total emissions reduction potential was the smallest instead of wuxi, due to wuxi rice planting area was smallest.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Tiao Yin Zhu
Data from UNEP (United Nations Environment Program) Roise Center disclosed, 100 developing countries took part in CDM, meaning 91% Kyoto Protocol of non Annex 1 countries involved in emission reduction.
The averaged RERs amount of all CDM projects in each host country, data came from UNEP Roise Center.
Investment data was collected from the CDM Project Design Document ( PDD), data posted on UNEP Roise Center.
Data was from the World Economic Forum “World Competitiveness Report ( 2010)”.
Data was from World Bank open database (2010).
The averaged RERs amount of all CDM projects in each host country, data came from UNEP Roise Center.
Investment data was collected from the CDM Project Design Document ( PDD), data posted on UNEP Roise Center.
Data was from the World Economic Forum “World Competitiveness Report ( 2010)”.
Data was from World Bank open database (2010).
Online since: April 2016
Authors: Min Chen, Xuan Xiao
Oxide impurity inhibited the reduction kinetics of the ilmenite, yielding a lower reduction extent[1].Suresh’s study showed that reduction rate decreased with increasing weathering degree of ilmenite[2].
Temperature had great influence on the reduction rate.
Fig. 3 Effect of temperature on the solid state reduction degree of ilmenite To determine the solid reduction mechanism of ilmenite, shrinking unreacted core model was used to analyze the isothermal reduction results.
Experimental data at the interface was used as follow: where x is fractional reduction, t is time and k is rate constant; The plot of curve-fitting was shown in Fig.4.
Temperature had great influence on the reduction rate.
Temperature had great influence on the reduction rate.
Fig. 3 Effect of temperature on the solid state reduction degree of ilmenite To determine the solid reduction mechanism of ilmenite, shrinking unreacted core model was used to analyze the isothermal reduction results.
Experimental data at the interface was used as follow: where x is fractional reduction, t is time and k is rate constant; The plot of curve-fitting was shown in Fig.4.
Temperature had great influence on the reduction rate.
Online since: September 2012
Authors: Hao Dong Zhu, Hong Chan Li
On the above basis, an attribute reduction algorithm is presented.
This kind of decision table with definite form has been widely used in data mining, machinery learning, decision analysis, process control, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and so on[6-12].
Yang, “Dominance-based rough set approach to incomplete interval-valued information system,” International Journal of Data & Knowledge Engineering, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 1331-1347, 2009 [7] H.
Masamoto, “Application of data mining to quantitative structure-activity relationship using rough set theory,” International Journal of Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 66-70, 2009 [8] N.
Gerhard, “Adapted variable precision rough set approach for EEG analysis,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 239-261, 2009 [9] Tuan-Fang Fan, Churn-Jung Liau, Duen-Ren Liu, “A relational perspective of attribute reduction in rough set-based data analysis,” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.213, no.1, pp. 270-278,2011 [10] Yuhua Qian, Jiye Liang, Witold Pedrycz, “An efficient accelerator for attribute reduction from incomplete data in rough set framework,” Pattern Recognition, Vol.44, no.8, pp.1658-1670,2011 [11] Qiang He, Congxin Wu, Degang Chen, Suyun Zhao, “Fuzzy rough set based attribute reduction for information systems with fuzzy decisions,” Knowledge-Based Systems, Vol.24, no.5, pp. 689-696,2011 [12] Yan-Qing Yao, Ju-Sheng Mi, Zhou-Jun Li, “Attribute reduction based on generalized fuzzy evidence theory in fuzzy decision systems,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vo.170,no.1 pp. 64-75,2011 [13] Lifeng Li, Jianke Zhang, “Attribute
This kind of decision table with definite form has been widely used in data mining, machinery learning, decision analysis, process control, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and so on[6-12].
Yang, “Dominance-based rough set approach to incomplete interval-valued information system,” International Journal of Data & Knowledge Engineering, vol. 68, no. 11, pp. 1331-1347, 2009 [7] H.
Masamoto, “Application of data mining to quantitative structure-activity relationship using rough set theory,” International Journal of Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 66-70, 2009 [8] N.
Gerhard, “Adapted variable precision rough set approach for EEG analysis,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 239-261, 2009 [9] Tuan-Fang Fan, Churn-Jung Liau, Duen-Ren Liu, “A relational perspective of attribute reduction in rough set-based data analysis,” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol.213, no.1, pp. 270-278,2011 [10] Yuhua Qian, Jiye Liang, Witold Pedrycz, “An efficient accelerator for attribute reduction from incomplete data in rough set framework,” Pattern Recognition, Vol.44, no.8, pp.1658-1670,2011 [11] Qiang He, Congxin Wu, Degang Chen, Suyun Zhao, “Fuzzy rough set based attribute reduction for information systems with fuzzy decisions,” Knowledge-Based Systems, Vol.24, no.5, pp. 689-696,2011 [12] Yan-Qing Yao, Ju-Sheng Mi, Zhou-Jun Li, “Attribute reduction based on generalized fuzzy evidence theory in fuzzy decision systems,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vo.170,no.1 pp. 64-75,2011 [13] Lifeng Li, Jianke Zhang, “Attribute
Online since: January 2020
Authors: Grigory A. Orlov, E.A. Kungurov
To correct the reduction modes, it is necessary to have experimental data on the geometry and wall thickness deviation ends of the roughing tubes after the continuous mill.
Some data in relation to TPA-80, having in its composition 8-stand continuous and 24-stand reduction mills, published earlier [5,6,7].
Processing of Initial Data For improving the technological modes of rolling in order to reduce the length of the thickened ends, at the first stage, the analysis and processing of actual data on the end wall thickness deviation were carried out.
However, an analysis of the actual data showed that Eq.1 gives understated values of thickening due to the fact that it was obtained for reduction in one stand and does not take into account the features of the TPA-80 multistand reduction mill.
A distinctive feature of the technique is the calculation based on actual data on the volume of the end thickening, which must be reduced by a specified value when rolling the end areas of pipes in the head stands of the reduction mill.
Some data in relation to TPA-80, having in its composition 8-stand continuous and 24-stand reduction mills, published earlier [5,6,7].
Processing of Initial Data For improving the technological modes of rolling in order to reduce the length of the thickened ends, at the first stage, the analysis and processing of actual data on the end wall thickness deviation were carried out.
However, an analysis of the actual data showed that Eq.1 gives understated values of thickening due to the fact that it was obtained for reduction in one stand and does not take into account the features of the TPA-80 multistand reduction mill.
A distinctive feature of the technique is the calculation based on actual data on the volume of the end thickening, which must be reduced by a specified value when rolling the end areas of pipes in the head stands of the reduction mill.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Wei Sun
Energy saving and emission reduction are becoming strategic issues in China.
Current Research about Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Performance Evaluation Foreign scholars study energy saving and emission reduction early.
Performance Evaluation Index of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Complete and effective evaluation index of energy saving and emission reduction should be established.
Reduction of pollutant emission can effectively promote energy saving and emission reduction.
We set as all the matters to be studied. is characterized by a set of data.
Current Research about Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Performance Evaluation Foreign scholars study energy saving and emission reduction early.
Performance Evaluation Index of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Complete and effective evaluation index of energy saving and emission reduction should be established.
Reduction of pollutant emission can effectively promote energy saving and emission reduction.
We set as all the matters to be studied. is characterized by a set of data.
Online since: July 2018
Authors: Long Chang Hsieh, Tzu Hsia Chen
., Huwei, Yunlin 63208, Taiwan
ason.summer@msa.hinet.net, blochsieh@nfu.edu.tw
Keywords: Electric vehicle, gear data, helical gear reducer, prototype manufacture
Abstract.
Then, based on the involute theorem, the gear data of helical spur gear pairs we obtained.
Finally, according to the gear data, its corresponding engineering drawings were accomplished and its corresponding prototype was manufactured.
Tables 3 and 4 showed some important gear data of this two gear reducers.
According to the gear data, the corresponding engineering drawings were accomplished and their corresponding prototypes were manufactured.
Then, based on the involute theorem, the gear data of helical spur gear pairs we obtained.
Finally, according to the gear data, its corresponding engineering drawings were accomplished and its corresponding prototype was manufactured.
Tables 3 and 4 showed some important gear data of this two gear reducers.
According to the gear data, the corresponding engineering drawings were accomplished and their corresponding prototypes were manufactured.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Shuang Wang
At that time, the COD reduction rate(full aperture) will be 11.2%, the Sulfur dioxide emission reduction rate will be 6.5%, the Ammonia emission rate (full aperture) will be 13%, the Nitrogen oxide emission reduction rate will be 9.5%.
Then from the 35 industrial categories, select the pillar industries in Dalian City, which are also the 7 large industries of energy consumption, and then collect the specific industry evaluation index data of Dalian city in 2011( see Table 1).
Table 1 Evaluation Index Data of the Industrial Sector of Dalian City in 2011 The Industrial Output Value in 2011 Industrial Output Value (10Billion yuan) consumption of raw coal (10milion tons) oil consumption (10milion tons) heat consump- tion power consumption (KWH) Petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing 1296.56 0.14 2485.68 374.70 18.66 Chemical raw materials and chemical-products manufactory 419.60 153.26 141.05 2451.36 14.06 Non-metallic mineral products industry 224.34 211.83 12.20 41.83 20.48 Ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry 463.70 47.40 2.57 94.36 12.06 General equipment manufactory 1193.11 11.84 4.15 165.21 29.60 Electricity, heat production and supply industry 107.85 1456.49 0.49 0 15.52 Agricultural and sideline products processing industry 802.43 21.12 5.12 290.19 163.97 Note: Data from the "Statistical Yearbook of Dalian City " in 2012 .
that the Dalian City’s energy-saving and emission reduction work reap preliminary fruit.
But there still have some industries with low efficiency in energy conservation and emission reduction, and the potential to further proceed energy-saving emission reduction.
Then from the 35 industrial categories, select the pillar industries in Dalian City, which are also the 7 large industries of energy consumption, and then collect the specific industry evaluation index data of Dalian city in 2011( see Table 1).
Table 1 Evaluation Index Data of the Industrial Sector of Dalian City in 2011 The Industrial Output Value in 2011 Industrial Output Value (10Billion yuan) consumption of raw coal (10milion tons) oil consumption (10milion tons) heat consump- tion power consumption (KWH) Petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing 1296.56 0.14 2485.68 374.70 18.66 Chemical raw materials and chemical-products manufactory 419.60 153.26 141.05 2451.36 14.06 Non-metallic mineral products industry 224.34 211.83 12.20 41.83 20.48 Ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry 463.70 47.40 2.57 94.36 12.06 General equipment manufactory 1193.11 11.84 4.15 165.21 29.60 Electricity, heat production and supply industry 107.85 1456.49 0.49 0 15.52 Agricultural and sideline products processing industry 802.43 21.12 5.12 290.19 163.97 Note: Data from the "Statistical Yearbook of Dalian City " in 2012 .
that the Dalian City’s energy-saving and emission reduction work reap preliminary fruit.
But there still have some industries with low efficiency in energy conservation and emission reduction, and the potential to further proceed energy-saving emission reduction.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Ping Sun, Dong Dong Wang, Yu Zhang Sha, Lu Xi Liu
assunpp@263.net,b1039716857@qq.com,cshayuzhang@163.com,d373752621@qq.com
Keywords: Slurry pipeline transportation, Drag reduction technology, Micro-bubble drag reduction, Vibration drag reduction.
Introduction Slurry pipeline transportation has greatly advantages such as less investment, construction period shortly, less environmental pollution and ease of management,causing various aspects of attention.It has been used widely in many fields.With increasing depletion of energy and intensification environmental pollution,energy-saving and emission reduction have to be solved.Thus the research of drag reduction technology plays an increasingly important role.There appears a variety of drag reduction methods.For instance,soluble high molecular weight polymer,fiber material, spiral flow, changing pipe geometry,heating drag reduction and adjusting the size of particles etc.With the analysis of the theoretical knowledge and experimental data to be established,the above drag reduction technologies had been made great progress, but there are some disadvantages and some of the drag reduction technology apply in reality still for a long time.This article will discuss micro-bubble drag reduction
The Technology of Micro-bubble Drag Reduction The Development of Micro-bubble Drag Reduction Technology.
The Technology of Vibration Drag Reduction The Development of Vibration Drag Reduction.
Li: Review of Research on Drag Reduction.
Introduction Slurry pipeline transportation has greatly advantages such as less investment, construction period shortly, less environmental pollution and ease of management,causing various aspects of attention.It has been used widely in many fields.With increasing depletion of energy and intensification environmental pollution,energy-saving and emission reduction have to be solved.Thus the research of drag reduction technology plays an increasingly important role.There appears a variety of drag reduction methods.For instance,soluble high molecular weight polymer,fiber material, spiral flow, changing pipe geometry,heating drag reduction and adjusting the size of particles etc.With the analysis of the theoretical knowledge and experimental data to be established,the above drag reduction technologies had been made great progress, but there are some disadvantages and some of the drag reduction technology apply in reality still for a long time.This article will discuss micro-bubble drag reduction
The Technology of Micro-bubble Drag Reduction The Development of Micro-bubble Drag Reduction Technology.
The Technology of Vibration Drag Reduction The Development of Vibration Drag Reduction.
Li: Review of Research on Drag Reduction.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Yong Hui Han, Liang Xiong Huang
This article conducted an empirical study with China’s provincial data in an attempt to test that whether China’s industrial restructuring may have an effect on emission reduction.
We would need more micro data for that purpose.
This article would use this database and collect provincial data from four-digit businesses.
This article has processed the data as follows: (1) deleted the data from mining industry, power industry, gas industry and water industry, only reserve the data from manufacturing industry; (2) rearranged the data before 2003 according to national economy industry classification(GB/T 4754-002); (3) filled up the missing data (such as added value, sales volume, gross output, output of new products, export value and other variables) in 2004 with the average value of the data from the year 2003 and 2004; (4) only reserved four-digit businesses that had complete data during 1998 to 2007.This article drew from the constructing method of indexes measuring the changes in government spending put forward by Brender & Drazen (2009), and constructed the following indexes to measure the extent of industrial restructuring: This construction is similar to that of Liu Kai’s (2007), and is called Michaeli index
All the other data of emissions come from the journal China Environment Yearbook.
We would need more micro data for that purpose.
This article would use this database and collect provincial data from four-digit businesses.
This article has processed the data as follows: (1) deleted the data from mining industry, power industry, gas industry and water industry, only reserve the data from manufacturing industry; (2) rearranged the data before 2003 according to national economy industry classification(GB/T 4754-002); (3) filled up the missing data (such as added value, sales volume, gross output, output of new products, export value and other variables) in 2004 with the average value of the data from the year 2003 and 2004; (4) only reserved four-digit businesses that had complete data during 1998 to 2007.This article drew from the constructing method of indexes measuring the changes in government spending put forward by Brender & Drazen (2009), and constructed the following indexes to measure the extent of industrial restructuring: This construction is similar to that of Liu Kai’s (2007), and is called Michaeli index
All the other data of emissions come from the journal China Environment Yearbook.