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Their room temperature tensile properties were examined and compared to those of coarse grained counterpart.
In steels, a wide range of the mechanical properties can be achieved by microstructural modification without compositional change through various thermomechanical treatments.
In this regard, the mechanical properties of dual phase steels consisting of ferrite and martensite are quite noticeable.
In this study, the microstructures and mechanical properties of UFG dual phase steels fabricated by ECAP were compared to those of a coarse grained dual phase steel.
Tensile Properties The representative engineering and true stress-strain curves and the corresponding tensile data are presented in Fig. 3 and Table 2, respectively.

Welding residual stress is a consequence that is led to many factors.
Being heated uneven locally in welding process is the major factor that arouses welding residual stress.
And it could improve several factors that would influence the weld fatigue strength at the same time [2].
The residual stress gets released, and the mechanical properties of materials get improved [6-9].
Journal mechanical engineering. 1993, (3): 67-73.

Analysis of the Adhesive-bonded Joint Stress in a MW Segmented Assembly Wind Turbine Blade Liu Lang 1,a, Li Gongyu 1,b , Sun Jie 1,c and Liu Qingbo 1,d 1Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science andTechnology，Kunming 650093, China aliulanghn@gmail.com, blgy0203@sina.com, cjs5861975@126.com, dlqbxiaoyaofei@foxmail.com Keywords: adhesive-bonded joint stress; tress analysis; finite element method; glue line interface.
The material properties of the FRP and the foam core are anisotropic.
But many factors affect the adhesively bonded joint strength, in order to find an optimal balance between the various factors, need for further study and experimental verification.
[8] Duan Yuanxin, Zhang Kaifu, Wang Zhongqiang, MaYanyan, Peeling Stress Model and Analysis of Single—L Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic/Polymer/Al Composite Component, Joumal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48-4

Lacking any metal substrate, they exhibit superior translucency properties and can be applied in areas with high aesthetic needs.
The optical properties of natural teeth are the result of the light reflected from layers of enamel, dentin [[1] O’Brien WJ.
Factors affecting the process of color matching restorative materials to natural teeth.
This way, we can obtain restorations of high aesthetic properties with little effort.
For a value less than 1, two colours are considered equal in terms of their properties [[] Wyszecki G, Stiles WS.

Tailoring of Optical and Physical Properties of ZnO Films by Co-Doping Concentration A.R.
The morphology and structure properties were characterised, and the effects of Co doping and post-annealing were investigated.
UV-Visible spectroscopy is an efficient technique to monitor the optical properties ZnO and Co-doped ZnO thin films.
Although the corresponding results were explained in terms of a variation of the lattice parameters, a few researchers [17] reported that some other factors might also play an essential role in the determination of the bandgap energy.
The structural, morphological and optical properties of these films were investigated.

Additionally, to enhance the reliability of the mechanism; safety factors were also consider in critical components dimensioning.
Hence, the tradeoff between the degree of irreversibility and the actuator efficiency must consider factors that can vanish or derate its initially established value, such as, vibration, and changes of the tribological characteristics of the actuator components due to aging or temperature variation.
· Building materials or devices shall be chosen accordingly to the most commercial or standard type and best price-quality ratio, which naturally must comply with the required properties or performance
The efficiency of the screw mainly depends on its type and its tribological condition, and besides affecting the overall performance; considerably influences the reversibility grade of the actuator.
The parts properties were also included in their virtual model in order to have a more realistic design.

High level of the vibration and voice would influence the safety, reliability, flying qualities and any other factors which are related the performance of the helicopter.
System Man Machine Environment Fig.1 The structure diagram of MMES Man Factor, which is the main in the production activities, is also the best one.
In addition to some psychological factors and physiological factors, man is also affected by basic quality and cultural back ground himself, just like gender, age, length of service, educational background, etc.
During the running of the machinery and equipment, the component could operate in different mechanical movement.
This would combine the investors' judgments about location, price and timing for properties a, b, c, and d into overall priorities for each property. 4.

In the long-term service period, environment, load and other factors, inevitably produces a variety of injuries, thereby reducing the carrying capacity, durability, and the life of bridges.
Practice shows that the finite element models even built by experienced engineers often have larger error and cannot accurately predict the mechanical properties of the actual structure.
Table 1 and Table 2 are the physical material properties used in FEA.
Material properties of cable Cable No.
Liu: Decomposing Modes of Long-span Cable-stayed Bridges Similar Model Structure Dynamics Properties Test.

Crocombe 1,d 1 Faculty of Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 5XH, 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU a i.hilmy@surrey.ac.uk, bM.Wahab@surrey.ac.uk, cI.A.Ashcroft@lboro.ac.ukd , A.Crocombe@surrey.ac.uk Keywords: Triaxiality Function, Scarf Joint, Low Cycle fatigue Damage, Finite Element Analysis Abstract: Triaxiality function (Rv) has been known as one of the important factors that responsible for damage initiation in adhesive bonding.
Dutta [4] found that the stress state is an important factor in crack initiation and strain failure.
Material properties of FM73 are as follow: Young Modulus = 1211 N/mm2, Poisson's Ratio = 0.38.
Changing in the magnitude of loading does not affect triaxiality.

The important factor affecting the forming efficiency is also a lifetime of forming tools that are loaded by hot glass melt cyclically.
However, the question is how design modifications affect the forming tool lifetime.
Thermal load of glass moulds Pressing moulds are stressed by combined load, namely periodic mechanical load (interactions of glass melt and forming tool during pressing) and cyclic thermal load.
In particular the thermal fatigue process initiated by cyclic loading of the forming tool working surfaces with hot glass melt is the critical factor negatively affecting the forming tools lifetime.
Owing to lack of information, a description of material properties at higher temperatures (σ-ε curves) is the critical stage of computer simulations.