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Online since: December 2013
Authors: Qian Wang, Zhou Rong Zhang, Zhi Xia He, Li Ming Dai
The simulation results of cylinder pressure were in good agreement with the experiment data, verifying the simulation models [10].
The NO decreases at first and then increases with the injection rate reduction.
M.Sc. thesis, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 2013(In Chinese) [11] Minami, T., et al., Reduction of Diesel Engine NOx using Pilot injection, SAE paper 950611, 1995
The NO decreases at first and then increases with the injection rate reduction.
M.Sc. thesis, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China, 2013(In Chinese) [11] Minami, T., et al., Reduction of Diesel Engine NOx using Pilot injection, SAE paper 950611, 1995
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Dmitri A. Molodov, Christoph Günster, Günter Gottstein
Field
Total number of grains
Subset
Mean grain size, µm
Number of grains
Grain fraction
both
82
1285
0.67
0 T
1925
(90°,20°,φ2)
81
656
0.34
(270°,20°,φ2)
83
629
0.33
both
100
1298
0.88
17 T
1471
(90°,20°,φ2)
99
444
0.30
(270°,20°,φ2)
100
854
0.58
The rolling texture with two peaks in the (0002) pole figure measured after 90% reduction is similar to those already reported in literature for low alloyed zinc after high rolling reductions.
For analysis of EBSD data the whole set of grains was subdivided into subsets with orientations around (90, 20, φ2) and (270, 20, φ2).
For analysis of EBSD data the whole set of grains was subdivided into subsets with orientations around (90, 20, φ2) and (270, 20, φ2).
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Feng Bin
The electrode as a reduction catalyst, usually plated with platinum in a transparent conductive film glass.
Reduction of the electrolyte is oxidized state, spread to the electrodes, and recombined with the external circuit flows, thus completing the cycle.
Preparation As the current most sophisticated techniques solar cells, While the technology is supported by the microelectronics industry , From 2012 data, the crystalline silicon cells occupy 90% of the global PV industry market share.
Reduction of the electrolyte is oxidized state, spread to the electrodes, and recombined with the external circuit flows, thus completing the cycle.
Preparation As the current most sophisticated techniques solar cells, While the technology is supported by the microelectronics industry , From 2012 data, the crystalline silicon cells occupy 90% of the global PV industry market share.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: E.A. Chernyshov, I.D. Romanov, A.D. Romanov
When replacing the steel armor of an armored hull with aluminum one, the reduction in the weight of an armored hull is achieved due to the higher hardness of aluminum plates and the withdrawal of some hard parts [3].
The further effective enhancement of protection with the mass conservation or reduction is associated with the increasing hardness of a barrier by creating aluminum + ceramics composites.
The results of such stand tests as well as the analysis of literature data have shown that the breaking of conventional aluminum alloys occurs without destroying the core [1, 2, 9 - 11].
The further effective enhancement of protection with the mass conservation or reduction is associated with the increasing hardness of a barrier by creating aluminum + ceramics composites.
The results of such stand tests as well as the analysis of literature data have shown that the breaking of conventional aluminum alloys occurs without destroying the core [1, 2, 9 - 11].
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Prashant P. Pandav, S.B. Lokhande, Shivprakash B. Barve
In1997 [1, 2] Kyoto protocol was approved by many nations called for the reduction in emission of green house gas including HFC refrigerants.
Reduction in pressure ratio leads increase in volumetric efficiency of compressor compared with 134a & R12.Eco friendly refrigerants have highest efficiency than other refrigerants.
Data logging system is also incorporated with the refrigeration system in order to store the pressure and temperature at various places.
Reduction in pressure ratio leads increase in volumetric efficiency of compressor compared with 134a & R12.Eco friendly refrigerants have highest efficiency than other refrigerants.
Data logging system is also incorporated with the refrigeration system in order to store the pressure and temperature at various places.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zhen Chao Zhou, Rui Chen
The adjustment of weight of fuzzy inference and defuzzification layers is based on gradient descent search, that is,
(4)
(5)
The input and output data collected on the spot aiming at neural network training sample adopt BP algorithm to train network.
Fig. 6 describes working conditions of acceleration load reduction of diesel engine.
Fig. 6 Working Conditions of Acceleration Load Reduction Fig. 7 Working Conditions of Deceleration On-Load In fact, the diesel engine is a complex and changing system.
Fig. 6 describes working conditions of acceleration load reduction of diesel engine.
Fig. 6 Working Conditions of Acceleration Load Reduction Fig. 7 Working Conditions of Deceleration On-Load In fact, the diesel engine is a complex and changing system.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Sang Hwa Jung, Seung Jun Kwon, Sung Won Yoo
Recently many researches on reduction of cement have been performed and these can be summarized as two research field.
The relation between compressive strength and bond strength for all data can be plotted in Fig.9.
In the case of FA replacement ratio of 35% and 50%, shear strength shows reduction to 77% and 60.1% of shear strength in OPC concrete, respectively.
The relation between compressive strength and bond strength for all data can be plotted in Fig.9.
In the case of FA replacement ratio of 35% and 50%, shear strength shows reduction to 77% and 60.1% of shear strength in OPC concrete, respectively.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Miriam K.H. Yassuda, Carolyne Oliveira Davi, Rosa Maria Rocha
It can be observed a significant particle size reduction after milling for both powders.
The lattice parameters and the crystallite size of the ZrB2-TiB2 solid solutions were calculated by Maud program with adjustment of the pattern file 1510845 (Ti0.5Zr0.5B2) and 1510856 (ZrB2) which were choosen among various data in Crystallography Open Database (COD).
The fracture aspect for all compositions was transgranular and a reduction of ZrB2 grain size with the increasing TiB2 content can be observed for both sintering process.
The lattice parameters and the crystallite size of the ZrB2-TiB2 solid solutions were calculated by Maud program with adjustment of the pattern file 1510845 (Ti0.5Zr0.5B2) and 1510856 (ZrB2) which were choosen among various data in Crystallography Open Database (COD).
The fracture aspect for all compositions was transgranular and a reduction of ZrB2 grain size with the increasing TiB2 content can be observed for both sintering process.
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Mutsumi Touge, Akihisa Kubota, Kenta Goto, Yasuo Izumi, Takeshi Sakamoto
Table 1 PCD cutting tool used in this study
Nominal designation of PCD cutting tool
Average diameter of diamond particle (μm)
Hardness Hv (GPa)
Content percentage of diamond (%)
PCD-A
~ 0.4
110~120
90
PCD-B
5
100~120
84
PCD-C
50
100~120
95
PCD-A (d = ~0.4 μm)
PCD-A (d = ~0.4 μm)
(a) Average surface roughness Ra
(b) Maximum surface roughness Rz
Fig. 1 Effect of rotational speed of quartz plate on the surface roughness
2.3 Sharpening of cutting edge by polishing flank face
The UV-polishing properties of PCD substrates indicated valuable results such as the smooth surface and the reduction of particle gap between the adjacent diamond particles.
Evaluation of cutting performance of sharpened and chamfered PCD tools Workpiece Data logger Amplifier Computer Dynamometer (KISTLER 9257B) Cutting tool NC lathe (TAC-650) Fig.6 Experimental system for cutting tests Table 2 Experimental conditions of cutting tests Workpiece Al-17%Si alloy (100 mm in diameter, 500 mm in length) Cutting tool Sharpened PCD-C tool and chamfered PCD-A, -B, -C tools Rake angle: 0º, Relief angle: 11º, Nose radius: 0.8 mm Cutting speed 471 m/min Depth of cut 0.2 mm Feed rate 0.15 mm/rev Cutting distance 1400 m The cutting tests were conducted to evaluate the cutting performance of four kinds of PCD tools: a sharpened PCD-C tool and chamfered PCD-A, PCD-B and PCD-C tools.
The reduction effect of tool wear amount by chamfer is more effective on the flank face than the rake face.
Evaluation of cutting performance of sharpened and chamfered PCD tools Workpiece Data logger Amplifier Computer Dynamometer (KISTLER 9257B) Cutting tool NC lathe (TAC-650) Fig.6 Experimental system for cutting tests Table 2 Experimental conditions of cutting tests Workpiece Al-17%Si alloy (100 mm in diameter, 500 mm in length) Cutting tool Sharpened PCD-C tool and chamfered PCD-A, -B, -C tools Rake angle: 0º, Relief angle: 11º, Nose radius: 0.8 mm Cutting speed 471 m/min Depth of cut 0.2 mm Feed rate 0.15 mm/rev Cutting distance 1400 m The cutting tests were conducted to evaluate the cutting performance of four kinds of PCD tools: a sharpened PCD-C tool and chamfered PCD-A, PCD-B and PCD-C tools.
The reduction effect of tool wear amount by chamfer is more effective on the flank face than the rake face.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Usarat Ratanakamnuan, Watcharaporn Manorom, Pailin Inthasai
In addition, when we considered at the constant reaction temperature and studied the influence of reaction time, the data indicated that %WI of corn husk laurate increased with the increasing of reaction time until it approached the maximum value and then gradually decreased.
As shown, there was a slight reduction in the tensile strength and elongation at break as the exposure time increased in both of landfill and wastewater treatment conditions.
The reduction in tensile properties of cellulose laurate film also confirmed the degradation.
As shown, there was a slight reduction in the tensile strength and elongation at break as the exposure time increased in both of landfill and wastewater treatment conditions.
The reduction in tensile properties of cellulose laurate film also confirmed the degradation.