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Structural and functional properties.
Density Volume Spec. surface Edge length V F ∗ρ ρ [ g/cm³] V [mm³] F [mm²] a [mm] [10³⋅mm²/g] 0.842 455.59 1694 7.5 4.4 1.222 195.00 1029 6.0 4.3 2.104 49.14 439 3.6 4.2 Mechanical Properties.
Subsequent the effects of the pore structure and the pore form on the mechanical properties are exemplified.
Multifunctional Foam Properties.
The parameters lead to different structural and functional properties.

The reliable results of the forming process affect these factors [2]: · dimension and material formability of input feedstock, · the technological parameter of forming (drawing velocity, method of lubrication and type of lubricant) · the geometry of the forming tools (rifled mandrel) There are several approaches on how to predict factors that influence of the forming process.
Using FEM analyses to determine the initial tube size that gives the appropriate mechanical properties after drawing can be found in some works [7].
As the temperature stays lower in cold drawing, the forming material properties do not vary and can, therefore, be supposed to be independent of the temperature variation.

Introduction Zinc-aluminum alloy ZA27 has many outstanding advantages, such as superior mechanical properties, excellent tribological properties, relatively lower density and benign machinability.
Many factors affect the solidification.
In order to model the mathematical treatment, the secondary factors were neglected and some assumptions are made: (1) The liquid metal filled the mold instantly, and the filling process was neglected

Shear and Squeeze Rheometry of Magnetorheological Fluids Hongyun Wang1, a, Huiqiang Zheng2, b 1College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang Jinhua 321004 China; 2College of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092 China aemmawhy@zjnu.cn, b hqz2001@163.com Keywords: MR fluids, compressive stress, shear yield stress Abstract: The mechanical properties of a magnetorheological (MR) fluid in shearing, compression and shearing after compression have been studied in the magnetic field which is generated by a coil carrying different magnitudes of DC electrical current on a self-constructed test system.
But there are many vices that affect the mechanics characteristic in the chain formation, such as branch chains, isolated chains, reticulation structures and the weak combination between the particles and the plates at the end of chains, which is the uppermost factor and make the chains break ahead of schedule during the shear.

However, the optimization reduces the structural cost taking into account uncertainties concerning material properties, geometric dimension and loading.
In Deterministic Design Optimization (DDO), the system safety may be taken into account by assigning safety factors to certain structural parameters.
Suitable geometry, material properties and loads are assumed, and an analysis is then performed to provide a detailed behavior of the structure.
Low reliability level: when choosing small values of safety factors or bad distribution of these factors, the structural reliability level may be too low to be admissible.
In the structural analysis of engineering design, there exist uncertainties in loading, material properties, geometry, and environmental conditions.

The gel-forming properties are strongly correlated with the proportion and length of the blocks of contiguous L-guluronic acid residues (G-blocks) in the polymeric chains [2].
Major factors affecting CDHAp/Ca-alginate bead shape were: the concentration of Na-alginate, the concentration of Ca2+ and a choice of a solvent.
Correlation between Chemical and Physical Properties of Alginate Gel Beads, Biotechnol.
Niclou, P. de Vos, Factors influencing the mechanical stability of alginate beads applicable for immunoisolation of mammalian cells, J.

Numerical and experimental study of the effect pressure path in tube hydroforming process Majid Elyasi1,a, Hassan Khanlari2,b and Mohammad Bakhshi-Jooybari3,c 1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran 3Metal Forming Research Group, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran avdaeezadeh@yahoo.com, belyasima@yahoo.com, cbakhshim@yahoo.com Keywords: Bulge hydroforming, Pressure path, Finite element simulation.
The thickness distribution and geometry are the key factors that affect the performance of hydroformed parts.
Tube tension tests were performed for determination of mechanical properties of SS316L tube.
The mechanical properties and dimensions of the initial tubes which were used in experiments are given in Table 1.
Table 1 The material properties of the SS316L tube Density (kg/m3) 8000 Initial length of tube (mm) 250 Poisson's ratio, v 0.3 Initial outer diameter (mm) 26 Yield stress, σy(MPa) 260 Initial wall thickness (mm) 0.5 Finite element simulation The finite element software, ABAQUS/EXPLICIT 6.7, was used for simulation.

Highlighted the fundamental features and similarities of discussed methods, and also their shortcomings affecting to the accuracy of the strength and stability computing results.
The method experimentally confirmed on basis of the mechanical tests results of square and 8-sided concrete-filled elements [4].
– calculation of the limit load to element (the bearing capacity of strength conditions) by equation (5): (5), where Аsc – the cross-section area of concrete-filled element; – determination of the stability factor (the buckling coefficient) φsc by equation (6): (6); where, - the reduced flexibility of concrete-filled cross-section; - ratio of the steel cross-section area to the total area of concrete-filled section
This method has passed the experimental confirmation based on results of mechanical tests series of «hollow» и «solid» models with circular cross-sections. [13].
For the second, for calculation of the limit compression load are using not only mechanical characteristics of materials and geometrical characteristics of cross-sections, but and clarifying coefficients, which is considering the maim moments, inherent to the joint work under the load, for two materials with different properties and structure.

CTO like any other bio-based raw material has varying composition based on several factors, such as the type of the trees, geographical location, season of harvesting etc.
The physical and mechanical properties of the foams were measured in accordance with the following standards: foam density ISO 845, compression strength ISO 844, closed cell content ISO 4590, water absorption ISO 12087.
This peculiarity of the polymeric matrix influences the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained rigid PUR foams and especially it decreases the water absorption of these foams, which is important for material, so it would retain a high buoyancy for a long time [10].
Differences in closed cell content were affected by the chosen blowing agent: physical type or chemical type.
Vilsone, Characterization of polyurethane networks structure and properties based on rapeseed oil derived polyol, Eur.

Using ultrafine powder to fill the porosity as an example to adjust the density uniformity and improve the properties of powder metallurgy products.
Finite Element Simulation of Influence of Different Compacting Processes on Powder Metallurgic Products Properties[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(1):205-211.
FE Simulation of Influence of Height-diameter Ratio on Powder Metallurgic Product Properties [J].
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2007, 18(20): 2493-2496.
Finite Element Simulation to Influence of Compacting Mode on PM Product Properties [J].Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2008, 26(2):88-93.