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The effect of crucial electrospinning parameters on physical structures and the morphologies of PANI-PVA fibers were investigated.
The broad peak at 3300 cm-1 is generally attributed to O-H stretching in PVA structure while C=O streching mode in citric acid structure is found at 1719 cm-1.
These characteristic bands indicate the existence of relevant bonds in polyaniline-emeraldine based structure [19].
In Fig. 2(c), it is noticed that PANI-PVA fiber mats tend to be the optimized condition for producing high surface-to-volume fibrous structure.
Moreover, electrospun fibers as observed in Fig. 3(b) had considerably large bead-like structures.

The −COO− groups of the multi-carboxylic metallophthalocyanine derivatives were combined with the −COO− groups of CMC by means of Cr3+ to form a metal chelate polymer with a net structure(Figure 1).
Both of the above two factors helped to improve the dimensional stabilities of BPMs and structure stabilities of the interlayers.
Furthermore, in the CS anion membrane, the aldehyde groups of glutaraldehyde were combined with the -NH2 groups of CS, which helped to form net structure in the membrane layer to improve the mechanical properties of the BPM.
Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 1 CMC modified by planar binuclear phthalocyanines and Cr3+ to form a metal chelate polymer with a net structure Figure 2 CS modified by glutaraldehyde to form a net structure Characterization of BPMs Determination of Hydrophilicity of Cation Exchange Membrane The contact angles of the modified CMC membranes were determined using the contact angle measurer (SL 200B, S＆L (Shanghai) Inc. in China).
The –COO−groups of the multi-carboxylic metallophthalocyanine derivatives were combined with the −COO− groups of CMC by means of Cr3+ to form a net structure, which lowered the swelling degree of the BPMs, enhanced the dimensional stabilities, mechanical properties of the BPMs and the structure stabilities of the interlayer.

It is very helpful for the design of process and die structure to study the mechanism of superpalstic deformation and microstructure evolution of superplastic forming.
MC simulate microstructure evolution by designing a definite geometry array to construct original structure and according to physics and mathematics rules of the evolution (grain growth) to envoy original structure occurring evolution.
The sample is rubbing, chemistry cauterization and deoxidation.

The structures and surface morphologies of the alumina nanopowders were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM).
The structure and the composition of the alumina nanopowders were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (Cu Kα of 1.54056 Å, Philips X’Pert Pro.Netherland).
The crystalline structure of the ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide is orthorhombic.
[10] Hong-Shi Kuo, Wen-Ta Tsai.Effects of alumina and hydrogen peroxide on the chemical-mechanical polishing of aluminum in phosphoric acid base slurry.Materials Chemistry and Physics 69 (2001) 53–61

It also exhibits weak wavelength dependence and large structure tolerance on the power confinement.
Structure Figure 1 shows the slot waveguide.
Fig. 1 Schematic structure of the slot waveguide.
By calculation, the structure of Fig. 2(a) leaks more power than that of Figs. 2(b) and 2(c), and the powers PSi have small differences for the three structures.
Furthermore, the structure shows low GVD.

For the pore expansion experiments, the structure directing agent (N，N-dimethyl formamide: H(CO)N(CH3)2 ) were applied.
For the direct synthesis, the DMFA structure directing agent and CTAB template were added into the process of synthesis.
The samples were again hydrothermal treatment with the DMFA structure directing agent.
The mesopore structure would be occur rearrangement in the post hydrothermal process.
At present, the interesting question was ‘‘why was the pore diameter expanded in the post hydrothermal synthesis process by the DMFA structure directing agent?’’

After this heat treatment a uniform pearlite structure was formed (Fig. 1a).
SEM, TEM and X-ray analysis were used to examine the structure.
Structure.
No cementite lamellae can be observed in the structure.
Darken, R.Gurry: Physical Chemistry of metals (McGraw-Hill, New York 1953)

The structure and cell parameter of sepiolite were not changed.
In this pr˚Cess, the change in structure, but its skeleton and not completely destroyed.
At 800 ˚C, the structure of sepiolite water removal completely.
At last, the crystal structure of sepiolite is destroyed.
Chemistry Letters, 2004, 33(5):510-511

The crystal structure and overall magnetic properties of RE(Fe0.25Co0.75)2Hy with RE = Ho and Er, were analyzed versus y, the hydrogen content.
of elements of the RE-TM2 formula, but also to the topology of the Friauf polyhedra forming the C15 crystal structure.
It appears obvious that hydrogen insertion in the C15 structure could be a good way to control the main fundamental magnetic parameter.
Information regarding the crystal structure, lattice parameter and phase proportions was obtained using a profile refinement software.
Buschow, Hydrogen absorption in intermetallic compounds, in Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of the Rare-Earth, K.A Gschneidner and I Eyring, Elsevier Science BV, 6 (1984) 1.

Changes in film chemistry, structure and thickness are attributed to the improved corrosion and wear resistance.
The structure shown in Figure 2 has a total thickness of ~19µm.
It is believed that this new coating technology and coating structure can make huge improvements to corrosion and wear issues that are currently present in the oil and gas industry. 5.