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Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ge Qin, Ya Fei Deng, Hong Mei Zhou, Juan Juan Li
With the development of MEMS technology, the implanted electrodes develop from macro to micro or nano size and structure.
On the argon and oxygen plasma conditions, Slavcheva et al. prepared the iridium oxide films of the electrodes with microporous structure by DC magnetron sputtering[3].
This method can control easily the thickness and structure of the deposited layer through changing solution compositions and deposition conditions.
Therefore, it is necessary to further study the modified method of the iridium oxide in order to obtain the excellent structure and properties of the films.
Simoes, et al., Electronic structure of iridium oxide films formed in neutral phosphate buffer solution, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 441(1998) 5-12
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Tatsuo Iwasa, Gang Dai, Luo Meng Chao
The protein has a seven helical trans-membrane structure and a retinal molecule binds to the lysine residue in the seventh helix as the chromophore.
The structure of AR was shown in Fig. 1B.
Absorption spectra of AR and BR at pH 7.0 (A) and the structure of AR (B) Concentration of phenol was monitored after the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles in the solution of phenol.
According to the crystal structure of BR, the size of BR is less than 6 nm.
We believe that BR can be an excellent photosensitizer upon successful modification of the structure of BR or surface properties of TiO2.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: V.T. Fomichev, A.V. Savchenko, G.P. Gubarevich
Based on the given data, an assumption has been suggested that organic substances with from one to three cyclic structures with aliphatic chain in which the number of atoms does not exceed 14 can be used as organic additives in the function of active compounds [6, 7].
The given fact can be explained only through the change in the structure of the deposit.
The Chromium deposits are characterized by high values of the internal stresses due to the lattice distortion as a consequence of interstitial into the structure of hydrogen and oxidic chromium compounds [19].
The stresses in Zinc deposits are also determined by the degree of the hydrogen absorption by the deposit, and when organic brightening agents are applied, by the partial interstitial of the additives or their decomposition products into the coating structure.
Frolov, Course of colloid chemistry (Surface phenomena and disperse systems).
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Shi Kun Jin, Shou Jing Zhao
Ginsenosides Structures and Classification Up till now, saponins including ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rg2, Rb2, Rc and Rd, have been widely recognized as the main active ingredients of P. ginseng.
Shibata, Japanese natural medicinal chemists, first identified the structure of various ginsenosides during 1962-1965[1].
Up to now more than 40 total ginsenosides have been isolated from P. ginseng and the structures have been determined[10].
Ginsenosides are classified into two categories according to the differences of structure, namely, oleanane-type and dammarane-type.
References [1] Shibata S: Chemistry and cancer preventing activities of ginseng saponins and some related triterpenoid compounds.
Online since: January 2009
Authors: Danuta Kotnarowska, Małgorzata Wojtyniak
It should be stressed that coating structure is not homogeneous and non- homogeneous areas are located both inside the coating and at the coating-substrate interface and they affect transport of aggressive media through the coating and at the interface [15].
Moreover, coating structure changes under the influence of environmental factors and generated nano-, micro- and macropores intensify formation of paths that carry aggressive media through the coating [16÷18].
Resistance to the action of aggressive media may be increased by introduction of various nanofillers to the coating structure [20, 21].
In such way, the structure is tighter.
Chemistry, Moscow 1987) (in Russian)
Online since: August 2009
Authors: Ming Liang Luo, Qing Zhi Wen, Hong Jian Liu, Jia Lin Liu
Introduction Polyethersulfone (PES) is a kind of special engineering plastics with good performances, but its hydrophobicity controlled by PES structure leads to a low membrane flux and poor anti-fouling property, which has great effect on its application and usage life [1].
The potential chemical bond structure model of the SPES/TiO2 composite is shown in Fig.3.
There exist many Ti-OH structures on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticle.
The hydroxyl in Ti-OH structure interacts well with water by virtue of Van der Waals force and hydrogen bond.
J.Chinese U. 17(5)(1998)833-835 [13] Wang X L, Organic Chemistry.
Online since: September 2015
Authors: Olesia Mikhailova, Pavel Rovnaník
Similar structures were observed practically for all mixtures and it also corresponds to the results of mechanical tests (Figs. 1 and 3).
a) b) Fig. 5 SEM microstructure at 1000× magnification of AAS mortars with PEG 20000 at dosage а{TTP}1072 ) 1%; b) 10% Micrographs of AAS mortars with VINNAPAS® admixtures showed that all samples contain plenty of well-shaped crystals of the approximate mean size of 1 μm (Fig. 6 a) and also some areas with very porous spongy structure have been observed (Fig. 6 b).
a) b) Fig. 6 SEM microstructure of AAS mortars with VINNAPAS® admixtures: а{TTP}1072 ) calcite crystals; b) spongy structure Summary In this paper, effect of various polymer admixtures on the mechanical properties of alkali-activated slag mortars is presented.
Secondly, areas with spongy structure, which can be responsible for the deterioration of the mechanical properties, were observed in the structure.
Owens (eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, Durban, South Africa, 2003, pp. 1878-1888
Online since: April 2012
Authors: J.F. Scamehorn, K.J. Haller, A.E. Flood, W. Dungkaew
The structure can accept incorporation in M, B, and X positions when the incorporated ions are of similar size or coordination geometry.
Due to the special chemical properties of HAp to tolerate substitution in the structure, it has been used as the host for cations and anions such as Cd2+ and Zn2+ [5-7], Pb2+ [8], and VO43− [9].
Substitutions of metal cation and oxyanion occur in the apatite structure at Ca2+ and PO43− positions, respectively, resulting in the toxic ions being removed into a chemically stable structural form.
The removed arsenate anions are presumed to incorporate in the HAp structure in PO43− positions as discussed previously, forming Ca(P/As)HAp.
The arsenic removal is proposed to occur by incorporation of arsenate ions into the calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite structure as it forms.
Online since: July 2021
Authors: Kseniya Umerenkova, Vitalii Borisenko, Svitlana Svetlichna, Marianna Goroneskul
This parameter is the number of interstices available for hydrogen insertion in the structure of the metal matrix, referred to the number of metal atoms.
Palladium hydride has a face-centered cubic matrix lattice structure.
In this case, the structure of the original metal matrix is preserved.
In this case, the crystal structure of the metal does not change.
Lototsky, An Overview of Hydrogen Storage Methods, Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials, in: T.N.Veziroglu, S.Yu.Zaginaichenko, D.V.Schur, B.Baranovsky, A.P.Shpak, V.V.Skorochod (Eds.).
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Guo Zheng, Shan Shan Han, Jin Yun Xu, Yu Sun
The chemical Structure of polyether modified polyorganosiloxane is as scheme 1.
Structure of polyether modified polysiloxane Antifoaming Principles In the non-pure liquids, gases as a non-continuous phase isolated by very thin liquid film forming some separation bubbles.
The process of preparation of polyether 3) Synthesis of polyether modified polysilo -xane: The existing structure between polysiloxane chains and polyether chains connects in either a siloxane group (Si-O-C), or one silicon-carbon group (Si-C), the former is susceptible to hydrolysis, while the latter can exist stably in the water.
The basic chemical structures of these copolymers and reactant monomers are schematically illustrated in scheme 5: Scheme 5.
EL-Ashgar, “A review on polysiloxane-immobilized ligand systems: Synthesis,characterization and applications,” Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, pp. 2861-2886, 2007, doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2007.03.009