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Online since: February 2012
Authors: Li Shi, Li Zhou, Shu Tao Huang, Li Fu Xu, Lei Zhao
Introduction
SiCp/Al composites have excellent mechanical characteristics such as high intensity and stiffness ratio, low coefficient of hot expand and good conductivity, which have been more researched and have good application in new composites.
Material of experiment SiCp/Al composites CY1110,mechanical characteristics as Table 1 Table 1 Mechanical characteristics of SiCp/Al composites material Volume fraction Vf(%) Modulus elasticity E [Gpa] flexural strength f [Mpa] SiC particle size [μm] CY111 56 220 400 60 Measuring equipment: YDX-III9702 three dimensional milling dynamometer which is developed and produced by Dalian University of Technology .
The signals acquired in the experiment include not only grinding force signal but interference signals such as noises , for being influenced by many factors in grinding process.
Analysis of constructed grinding force ratio The grinding force which evaluates the grinding property of the material is an important data in grinding process.
There are several factors to affect the grinding force ratio, it is not only related with the material of the grinding wheel, but also it differs according to the characteristics of the grain materials.
Material of experiment SiCp/Al composites CY1110,mechanical characteristics as Table 1 Table 1 Mechanical characteristics of SiCp/Al composites material Volume fraction Vf(%) Modulus elasticity E [Gpa] flexural strength f [Mpa] SiC particle size [μm] CY111 56 220 400 60 Measuring equipment: YDX-III9702 three dimensional milling dynamometer which is developed and produced by Dalian University of Technology .
The signals acquired in the experiment include not only grinding force signal but interference signals such as noises , for being influenced by many factors in grinding process.
Analysis of constructed grinding force ratio The grinding force which evaluates the grinding property of the material is an important data in grinding process.
There are several factors to affect the grinding force ratio, it is not only related with the material of the grinding wheel, but also it differs according to the characteristics of the grain materials.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Ming Li
Deficiencies mainly reflect in: laboratory experiment for test is more costly; experimental conditions is limited; need large quantities of sample, and the experimental results are affected by the product batch and cost factors, etc.
Due to the size of the enterprise production scale is determined by how much production is, so the efficiency of enterprise production is not the same. 4.3 Conduct heat dissipation maintain for electrical automation control equipment Temperature is the most common factors in equipment operation lead to low control equipment reliability index.
References [1] Sun Dayong, Advanced Manufacturing Technology [M] Beijing: mechanical industry publishing house, 1999 [2] Xu Ping, Li Jincan.
Coal mine electrical control circuit safety controls [M] Beijing: intellectual property press, 2007 [4] Sun Zhili, Chen Liangyu.
Practical mechanical reliability design theory and method [M] Beijing: science press, 2003
Due to the size of the enterprise production scale is determined by how much production is, so the efficiency of enterprise production is not the same. 4.3 Conduct heat dissipation maintain for electrical automation control equipment Temperature is the most common factors in equipment operation lead to low control equipment reliability index.
References [1] Sun Dayong, Advanced Manufacturing Technology [M] Beijing: mechanical industry publishing house, 1999 [2] Xu Ping, Li Jincan.
Coal mine electrical control circuit safety controls [M] Beijing: intellectual property press, 2007 [4] Sun Zhili, Chen Liangyu.
Practical mechanical reliability design theory and method [M] Beijing: science press, 2003
Online since: September 2003
Authors: Cheng Yong Wang, Z.C. Pan, Yue Xian Song, Xin Wei
The factors on the effectiveness of surfactants were also discussed
which include surfactant kind, diamond concentration, bond composition, diamond mesh,
circumstance temperature and properties of stone.
Some kinds of coolant with good properties were developed such as metal cutting coolant.
The effectiveness of coolant in diamond blade sawing is affected mainly by the surfactant, diamond concentration, composition of bond and the properties of the stone. 198 Machining of Natural Stone Materials Surfactant Kind.
The effectiveness of coolant on segment wear is related to the properties of the segment bond, as shown in Fig.2.
Properties of Stone.
Some kinds of coolant with good properties were developed such as metal cutting coolant.
The effectiveness of coolant in diamond blade sawing is affected mainly by the surfactant, diamond concentration, composition of bond and the properties of the stone. 198 Machining of Natural Stone Materials Surfactant Kind.
The effectiveness of coolant on segment wear is related to the properties of the segment bond, as shown in Fig.2.
Properties of Stone.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Ai Hua Xiong, Jia Mei Lai, Xing Yuan Huang, He Sheng Liu
Because the fibers can orient during injection molding process and the orientation has close relationship with plastics parts’ mechanical properties, there are many factors that can affect fiber orientation such as matrix materials properties, reinforced fiber properties, processing parameters and mold geometry so forth [1-3].
In this study, the seven parameters Cross-WLF viscosity model in analysis of injection molding simulation is defined in equation (4): (4) where and are defined in equation (5): (5) where are material physical properties constant,,,and represent viscosity, shear rate, temperature and pressure individually.
Fig.4 The fiber orientation distribution curves and probe points of three different schemes (a) 1st scheme; (b) 2nd scheme; (c) 3rd scheme (a) (b) (c) Deformation of injection molded parts is inevitable, but for the parts that are molded with short glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites, there are three factors that can induce deformation, which are shrinkage, cooling and orientation factors, and the three factors lead to shrinkage deflection, cooling deflection and orientation deflection respectively.
Thus, it can be inferred that orientation deflection plays an important role in molded parts deformation of short fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites and the factor of orientation isn’t neglected.
Polymer, Vol.46, No.17, pp6719-6725, 2005 [4]Wang H.T., Yao Z.H.. large scale analysis of mechanical properties in 3D fiber-reinforced composites using a new fast multipole boundary element method[C].
In this study, the seven parameters Cross-WLF viscosity model in analysis of injection molding simulation is defined in equation (4): (4) where and are defined in equation (5): (5) where are material physical properties constant,,,and represent viscosity, shear rate, temperature and pressure individually.
Fig.4 The fiber orientation distribution curves and probe points of three different schemes (a) 1st scheme; (b) 2nd scheme; (c) 3rd scheme (a) (b) (c) Deformation of injection molded parts is inevitable, but for the parts that are molded with short glass fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites, there are three factors that can induce deformation, which are shrinkage, cooling and orientation factors, and the three factors lead to shrinkage deflection, cooling deflection and orientation deflection respectively.
Thus, it can be inferred that orientation deflection plays an important role in molded parts deformation of short fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites and the factor of orientation isn’t neglected.
Polymer, Vol.46, No.17, pp6719-6725, 2005 [4]Wang H.T., Yao Z.H.. large scale analysis of mechanical properties in 3D fiber-reinforced composites using a new fast multipole boundary element method[C].
Online since: October 2008
Authors: Hernán E. Romeo, María A. Fanovich
The
presence of DCHM did not modify neither the degree of conversion to low-crystallinity HA nor the
measured setting times of the CPCs, however, the amount of incorporated microparticles
considerably affected the degree of porosity (macropores of 200 µm) and interconnectivity of the
cement matrix.
On the base of their properties, the CPCs pastes can easily fill osseous cavities of any geometry, which leads to an optimal tissue-biomaterial contact [2].
These are promising results in order to employ these calcium phosphate cements in bone restorations under low mechanical stresses.
The presence of DCHM did not modify neither the degree of conversion to low-crystallinity HA nor the measured setting times of the CPCs, however, the amount of incorporated microparticles considerably affected the degree of porosity (macropores of 200 µm) and interconnectivity of the cement matrix.
Burger: Transforming growth factor-β1 incorporation in a calcium phosphate bone cement: material properties and release characteristics; J.
On the base of their properties, the CPCs pastes can easily fill osseous cavities of any geometry, which leads to an optimal tissue-biomaterial contact [2].
These are promising results in order to employ these calcium phosphate cements in bone restorations under low mechanical stresses.
The presence of DCHM did not modify neither the degree of conversion to low-crystallinity HA nor the measured setting times of the CPCs, however, the amount of incorporated microparticles considerably affected the degree of porosity (macropores of 200 µm) and interconnectivity of the cement matrix.
Burger: Transforming growth factor-β1 incorporation in a calcium phosphate bone cement: material properties and release characteristics; J.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: A. Naeem, Maizatul Shima Shaharun, Israf Ud Din, Duvvuri Subbarao
Recent studies have revealed that methanol can be produced from CO2 hydrogenation with better rates and carbon utilization factors.
Their physical and chemical properties like high surface area, thermal stability, and high mechanical strength make them a suitable for support for different catalytic processes [5].
The objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of copper loading on the physicochemical properties and activity of zirconia-promoted copper/carbon nanofiber catalysts (Cu-ZrO2/CNF).
Foley,Carbogenic molecular sieves: synthesis, properties and applications, Microporous Materials.4 (1995) 407-433 [6] F.
Rodríguez-Ramos,Effect of carbon nanofiber functionalization on the adsorption properties of volatile organic compounds, Journal of Chromatography A.1188 (2008) 264-273 [8] Z.
Their physical and chemical properties like high surface area, thermal stability, and high mechanical strength make them a suitable for support for different catalytic processes [5].
The objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of copper loading on the physicochemical properties and activity of zirconia-promoted copper/carbon nanofiber catalysts (Cu-ZrO2/CNF).
Foley,Carbogenic molecular sieves: synthesis, properties and applications, Microporous Materials.4 (1995) 407-433 [6] F.
Rodríguez-Ramos,Effect of carbon nanofiber functionalization on the adsorption properties of volatile organic compounds, Journal of Chromatography A.1188 (2008) 264-273 [8] Z.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Jean Yves Buffière, Erembert Nizery, Henry Proudhon, Armelle Daniélou, Samuel Forest
Introduction
Among improved mechanical properties of aluminium alloys, fatigue becomes an important limiting
factor for aerospace applications.
We refer to Lequeu et. al [4] for an in depth comparison of the mechanical properties of both alloys.
Particles sizeTable 1: Mechanical properties and chemical composition (wt%) of the studied plates. 0.2% yield %Cu %Zn %Li %Mg %Mn %Ag %Zr %Si %Fe stress (MPa) 2050-T8 495 3.2-3.9 <0.25 0.7-1.3 0.2-0.6 0.2-0.5 0.2-0.7 0.06-0.14 <0.08 <0.1 7050-T74 432 2.0-2.6 5.7-6.7 - 1.9-2.6 <0.1 - 0.08-0.15 <0.12 <0.15 Fig. 1: SEM-SE image of a (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn) particle with different stoechiometries corresponding to dark and light grey colours, plate in 2050, and representation of the equivalent diameter (the surfaces of the particle and the disc are equal).
The fact that Payne et al. have found different results in 7075-T651 might be explained by at least two factors: alloy composition (more Fe in 7075) and the size range of the investigated particles.
However, the initiation at matrix interface seems to only affect Mg2Si.
We refer to Lequeu et. al [4] for an in depth comparison of the mechanical properties of both alloys.
Particles sizeTable 1: Mechanical properties and chemical composition (wt%) of the studied plates. 0.2% yield %Cu %Zn %Li %Mg %Mn %Ag %Zr %Si %Fe stress (MPa) 2050-T8 495 3.2-3.9 <0.25 0.7-1.3 0.2-0.6 0.2-0.5 0.2-0.7 0.06-0.14 <0.08 <0.1 7050-T74 432 2.0-2.6 5.7-6.7 - 1.9-2.6 <0.1 - 0.08-0.15 <0.12 <0.15 Fig. 1: SEM-SE image of a (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn) particle with different stoechiometries corresponding to dark and light grey colours, plate in 2050, and representation of the equivalent diameter (the surfaces of the particle and the disc are equal).
The fact that Payne et al. have found different results in 7075-T651 might be explained by at least two factors: alloy composition (more Fe in 7075) and the size range of the investigated particles.
However, the initiation at matrix interface seems to only affect Mg2Si.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Jun Yan Liu, Han Qing Cao, Shan Bing Cai
The material properties are shown as below: steel Q345; elastic modulus 2.06×1011 N/m2;Poisson ratio 0.3; mass density 7850 kg/m3.
The material properties are shown as below: concrete of floors is C30; elastic modulus 3.0×1010 N/m2; Poisson ratio 0.2; mass density 2700 kg/m3.
The contribution of different factors to the vertical deformation of core tube is shown in Fig.6.
The contribution of different factors to the vertical deformation of steel frame is shown in Fig.7.
Fig.4 The core tube vertical deformation Fig.5 The steel frame vertical deformation Fig.6 The proportion of various factors Fig.7 The proportion of various factors in the core tube in the steel frame Fig.8 The vertical deformation difference Fig.9 The proportion of various factors Compensating methods Based on the previous analysis, the vertical deformation difference between steel frame and core tube reaches its maximum value 25.20 mm in the middle of the structure, leading to large additional inner force in the structure.
The material properties are shown as below: concrete of floors is C30; elastic modulus 3.0×1010 N/m2; Poisson ratio 0.2; mass density 2700 kg/m3.
The contribution of different factors to the vertical deformation of core tube is shown in Fig.6.
The contribution of different factors to the vertical deformation of steel frame is shown in Fig.7.
Fig.4 The core tube vertical deformation Fig.5 The steel frame vertical deformation Fig.6 The proportion of various factors Fig.7 The proportion of various factors in the core tube in the steel frame Fig.8 The vertical deformation difference Fig.9 The proportion of various factors Compensating methods Based on the previous analysis, the vertical deformation difference between steel frame and core tube reaches its maximum value 25.20 mm in the middle of the structure, leading to large additional inner force in the structure.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Jacques W.M. Noordermeer, Kannika Sahakaro, Wilma Dierkes, Wisut Kaewsakul
Mooney viscosity, filler-filler interaction, dynamic and mechanical properties of the compounds and vulcanizates are investigated.
Measurement of dynamic and mechanical properties.
―The vulcanizates cured to their t95 at 150oC in the RPA were tested for dynamic mechanical properties using a frequency sweep test.
ENR-36 and ENR-43, adversely affects the processibility and most of the properties.
Based on the overall properties, it can be concluded that epoxide groups on ENR alone can not provide the properties to match with those of silica-TESPT filled unmodified NR.
Measurement of dynamic and mechanical properties.
―The vulcanizates cured to their t95 at 150oC in the RPA were tested for dynamic mechanical properties using a frequency sweep test.
ENR-36 and ENR-43, adversely affects the processibility and most of the properties.
Based on the overall properties, it can be concluded that epoxide groups on ENR alone can not provide the properties to match with those of silica-TESPT filled unmodified NR.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: En Ze Wang, Bao Liang Xu, Wei Gong, Xiaoan Yue
Glass-ceramicss of Li2O-Al2O3-ZnO-SiO2 system is one with high mechanical strength thermal, shock resistance,good wear-resisting ,corrosion resistance, and many other advantages[3].
The good mechanical properties and thermal physical properties of ZrO2 make it become a metal matrix composites of excellent performance enhancement phase.
Sintering temperature is too high, grain coarsening affect the strength of the coating.
As for the whole of the coating, the main influence factors of coating is also glass phase.
[8] Hao Wang ,Preparation and Properties of Li2O-Al2O3-ZnO-SiO2 glass-ceramics via Low-Temperature Sintering, Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 2008.08.
The good mechanical properties and thermal physical properties of ZrO2 make it become a metal matrix composites of excellent performance enhancement phase.
Sintering temperature is too high, grain coarsening affect the strength of the coating.
As for the whole of the coating, the main influence factors of coating is also glass phase.
[8] Hao Wang ,Preparation and Properties of Li2O-Al2O3-ZnO-SiO2 glass-ceramics via Low-Temperature Sintering, Journal of Materials Science and Engineering, 2008.08.