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Online since: May 2013
Authors: A.I. Romanenko, D.N. Dybtsev, V.P. Fedin, S.B. Aliev, O.B. Anikeeva, E.N. Tkachev
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Acad.
The MIL matrix structure consists of two types of cages of 2.9 and 3.4 nanometer size, connected through a smaller windows (ca. 1.4 nm).[6] Our data confirms that the polyaniline is confined within MIL structure so the size of the conducting phase is limited to an order of several nanometers.
We found that this unique composite structure leads to a change of conductivity behavior in comparison to the bulk polyaniline.
The X-ray difractions showed that the composite polyaniline@MIL material successfully maintain the same crystallinity and structure as the parent porous MIL-101 throughout the synthetic procedure, while the the polyaniline sample was, as expected, amorphous at the similar synthetic conditions (Fig. 1).
The X-ray diffraction confirmed, that the MIL-101 structure is maintained after the aniline oxidative polymerization.
The MIL matrix structure consists of two types of cages of 2.9 and 3.4 nanometer size, connected through a smaller windows (ca. 1.4 nm).[6] Our data confirms that the polyaniline is confined within MIL structure so the size of the conducting phase is limited to an order of several nanometers.
We found that this unique composite structure leads to a change of conductivity behavior in comparison to the bulk polyaniline.
The X-ray difractions showed that the composite polyaniline@MIL material successfully maintain the same crystallinity and structure as the parent porous MIL-101 throughout the synthetic procedure, while the the polyaniline sample was, as expected, amorphous at the similar synthetic conditions (Fig. 1).
The X-ray diffraction confirmed, that the MIL-101 structure is maintained after the aniline oxidative polymerization.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Li Guan, Yi Ping Zhong, Ping Liu, Wen Ji Deng, Xue Quan Zhao
Influence of Morphology of Vacuum-evaporated Oligothiophene Derivative Films on Oganic Photovoltaic Performance
Xue-quan Zhao1, Li Guan1,2, Yi-ping Zhong1, Ping Liu1,a and Wen-ji Deng3,b
1State Key Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of Luminescence, Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.
Oligothiophenes with well-defined structures have received a great deal of attention not only as model compounds for conducting polythiophenes, but also as a new class of functional -electron systems.
Scheme 1 shows the molecular structures of X-5T and X-7T.
The reason may be as follows: the vacuum-deposited X-7T film trends to form amorphous morphology, that is to say, the vacuum-deposited X-7T film is not orderly molecular structure.
Vacuum-deposited X-5T film exhibited an ordered molecular structure, which promoted forward interfacial electron transfer and transport and improved photovoltaic performance.
Oligothiophenes with well-defined structures have received a great deal of attention not only as model compounds for conducting polythiophenes, but also as a new class of functional -electron systems.
Scheme 1 shows the molecular structures of X-5T and X-7T.
The reason may be as follows: the vacuum-deposited X-7T film trends to form amorphous morphology, that is to say, the vacuum-deposited X-7T film is not orderly molecular structure.
Vacuum-deposited X-5T film exhibited an ordered molecular structure, which promoted forward interfacial electron transfer and transport and improved photovoltaic performance.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Qiang Guo Li, Cun Chang Wang, Bin Deng
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Charaction of α-Fe2O3 Mesocrystals and Nanorings
Bin Denga, Qiangguo Lib, Cunchang Wangc
Department of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
adbhy2006@yahoo.com.cn, bliqiangguo@163.com, chnwcc@126.com,
Keywords: α-Fe2O3 mesocrystals, hydrothermal, nanorings, selective adsorption, cooperative coordination effect
Abstract. α-Fe2O3 mesocrystals and nanorings have been prepared by hydrothermal method, using phosphate and sulfate ions as additives.
However, considerable effort has been made to fabricate hollow structured nanocrystals and mesocrystals in recent years,13-15 how to effectively modulation the size or shape of hollow structured α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals or mesocrystals is still a big challenge.
XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, UV-Vis, FT-IR were used to characterize the structure, morphology and property of the as-prepared sample.
All diffraction peaks can be indexed as a pure corundum structure of hematite (JCPDS no. 33-0664).
Selective adsorption of organic additives on different crystal surfaces may play an important role in the oriented aggregation and anisotropic growth of nanocrystals.17-19 The adsorption of phosphate and sulfate ions on the prism pane of (001) is weaker than (110) and (100) owing to the α-Fe2O3 crystal structure, so the growth of the (110) and (100) planes is restrained, and the α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles aggregated along [001] crystallographic directions parallel to the C-axis.
However, considerable effort has been made to fabricate hollow structured nanocrystals and mesocrystals in recent years,13-15 how to effectively modulation the size or shape of hollow structured α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals or mesocrystals is still a big challenge.
XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, UV-Vis, FT-IR were used to characterize the structure, morphology and property of the as-prepared sample.
All diffraction peaks can be indexed as a pure corundum structure of hematite (JCPDS no. 33-0664).
Selective adsorption of organic additives on different crystal surfaces may play an important role in the oriented aggregation and anisotropic growth of nanocrystals.17-19 The adsorption of phosphate and sulfate ions on the prism pane of (001) is weaker than (110) and (100) owing to the α-Fe2O3 crystal structure, so the growth of the (110) and (100) planes is restrained, and the α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles aggregated along [001] crystallographic directions parallel to the C-axis.
Online since: May 2006
Authors: Elena A. Fortalnova, Ekaterina D. Politova, Alexander V. Mosunov, Nikolay U. Venskovskii, Marina G. Safronenko
., 117198, Moscow, Russia
2
L.Ya.Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, 10 Vorontsovo pole, 105064, Moscow,
Russia
a
lysa@sci.pfu.edu.ru, bpolitova@cc.nifhi.ac.ru
Keywords: Perovskite, lithium lanthanum titanate, ionic conductors, solid electrolytes.
On the other hand, the introduction of any other ions into B-sites of the LLT perovskite structure induces the B-O bond lengths changes which influence an interaction between A-site cations and oxygen ions [5].
The temperature changes of the sample's crystal structure have been confirmed by the dilatometry method.
IR spectra of the ceramics with x = 0.0 - 0.6 are typical of the perovskite structure.
The IR-spectroscopy analysis of the samples with x ≤ 0.4 corroborated the perovskite-type structure of all phases in the samples.
On the other hand, the introduction of any other ions into B-sites of the LLT perovskite structure induces the B-O bond lengths changes which influence an interaction between A-site cations and oxygen ions [5].
The temperature changes of the sample's crystal structure have been confirmed by the dilatometry method.
IR spectra of the ceramics with x = 0.0 - 0.6 are typical of the perovskite structure.
The IR-spectroscopy analysis of the samples with x ≤ 0.4 corroborated the perovskite-type structure of all phases in the samples.
Synthesis of Layered Ti2Al(N0.5C0.5) by a Combination of High Energy Milling and Hot Press Sintering
Online since: March 2011
Authors: Na Han, Kun Wang, Jian Feng Zhu, Fen Wang
Synthesis of layered Ti2Al(N0.5C0.5) by a combination of high energy milling and hot press sintering
Jianfeng Zhu a, Na Han, Kun Wang and Fen Wang
Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry & Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
azhujf@sust.edu.cn
Keywords: Ti2AlN0.5C0.5, high energy milling, hot press, microstructure.
The previous work revealed that the deficiencies of the Ti2AlC originate from the relatively weak bonding between the Al layers and edge-shared Ti6C octahedra in the structure [2,7].
Hence, solid solution treatment is an effective method to adjust the properties of Ti2AlC by tailoring the chemical bonds and electronic structure.
According to Bragg’s law of 2dsinθ=λ, where λ is the X-ray wave length, the lattice parameter and the inter-planar spacing d in the Ti crystal structure are increased probably due to the formation of Ti(Al,C,N) interstitial solid solution as well as causes lattice expansion.
It can be clearly seen that Ti2Al(N0.5C0.5) phase was well developed with a close and lamellar structure and distributed homogeneously.
The previous work revealed that the deficiencies of the Ti2AlC originate from the relatively weak bonding between the Al layers and edge-shared Ti6C octahedra in the structure [2,7].
Hence, solid solution treatment is an effective method to adjust the properties of Ti2AlC by tailoring the chemical bonds and electronic structure.
According to Bragg’s law of 2dsinθ=λ, where λ is the X-ray wave length, the lattice parameter and the inter-planar spacing d in the Ti crystal structure are increased probably due to the formation of Ti(Al,C,N) interstitial solid solution as well as causes lattice expansion.
It can be clearly seen that Ti2Al(N0.5C0.5) phase was well developed with a close and lamellar structure and distributed homogeneously.
Online since: April 2011
Authors: Ai Hong Guo, Su Juan Zhang, Cheng Jun Wang
The Change of Tangshan Nanhu Wetland Landscape and Ecological Quality Assessment
Guo Aihong 1, a, Chengjun Wang* 2, b and Zhang Sujuan 3, c
1 College of Resource and Environment, Hebei united university, Tangshan 063009, China
2 Colleges of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang 325035, China
3 Network Information Center, Hebei united university, Tangshan 063009, China
agah05101@yahoo.com.cn, b cjwang@wzu.edu.cn, c sandszsj@163.com
Keywords: Tangshan Nanhu wetland, landscape, ecological quality, assessment
Abstract.
Landscape as a whole system, with a certain structure and function, its structure and function in the outside interference and its natural succession, presents a dynamic feature.
Landscape structure refers to the components of landscape composition and spatial distribution patterns [3].
Study on landscape pattern dynamics changes can accurately grasp the function and structure change of the landscape, lay a good foundation for further landscape analysis.
The new band structure In the process of remote sensing image classification, in addition to full use of TM remote sensing image of the original six bands, that is the TM1-TM5 and TM7 (TM6 mainly reflects the surface thermal infrared information, land cover information reflect the less, it is not used for land cover classification.), also using the original band construct a series of band variable: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); greenness component constructed by Tasseled Cap transformation (Greenness), the brightness component (Brightness), humidity component (Wetness ), and the second component PC2 of principal component analysis.
Landscape as a whole system, with a certain structure and function, its structure and function in the outside interference and its natural succession, presents a dynamic feature.
Landscape structure refers to the components of landscape composition and spatial distribution patterns [3].
Study on landscape pattern dynamics changes can accurately grasp the function and structure change of the landscape, lay a good foundation for further landscape analysis.
The new band structure In the process of remote sensing image classification, in addition to full use of TM remote sensing image of the original six bands, that is the TM1-TM5 and TM7 (TM6 mainly reflects the surface thermal infrared information, land cover information reflect the less, it is not used for land cover classification.), also using the original band construct a series of band variable: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); greenness component constructed by Tasseled Cap transformation (Greenness), the brightness component (Brightness), humidity component (Wetness ), and the second component PC2 of principal component analysis.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Jian Neng Wang, Jaw Luen Tang, Wei Te Wu, Der Cheng Chen, Chien Hsing Chen, Ching Ying Luo
The detection of chloride ion is of great interest in a variety of industrial applications, including civil and environmental engineering, food, bio- and industrial chemistry.
In particular, the salt damage of concrete structure due to the corrosion of reinforced bars in marine environment is normally caused by the penetration of chloride ion into concrete.
Industrial health monitoring of chloride-ion distributions along different locations inside concrete structures in harsh saltwater environment is essential for the maintenance and management of reinforced concrete structures.
Udd: Fiber Optic Smart Structures (Wiley, New York 1995)
Wang: Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 16 (2007), p. 665 [9] J.L.
In particular, the salt damage of concrete structure due to the corrosion of reinforced bars in marine environment is normally caused by the penetration of chloride ion into concrete.
Industrial health monitoring of chloride-ion distributions along different locations inside concrete structures in harsh saltwater environment is essential for the maintenance and management of reinforced concrete structures.
Udd: Fiber Optic Smart Structures (Wiley, New York 1995)
Wang: Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 16 (2007), p. 665 [9] J.L.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Krzysztof Koziol, B.M. Maciejewska, Beh Hoe Guan, Noorhana Yahya, Noor Rasyada Ahmad Latiff, Hasan Soleimani
Figure 1 shows that the MWCNTs formed have a relatively well-aligned structure of approximated length around 295 μm, with diameter in the range of 60 to
200 nm.
The adsorption-desorption hysteresis loop observed in the region of higher relative pressures indicates the mesoporous characteristics of the CNT pore structure having an average pore diameter in the range of 10-15 nm [7].
Centering at 1594.52 cm-1, the G-band is typically corresponded to graphitic structure, especially in the MWCNT [9].
Bansal et al, Comparison of structure and yield of multiwall carbon nanotubes produced by the CVD technique and water assisted method, Physica B Condensed Matter. 405 (2010) 1745-1749
Du et al, The electromagnetic properties and microwave absorption of mesoporous carbon, Materials Chemistry and Physics 135 (2012) 884-891
The adsorption-desorption hysteresis loop observed in the region of higher relative pressures indicates the mesoporous characteristics of the CNT pore structure having an average pore diameter in the range of 10-15 nm [7].
Centering at 1594.52 cm-1, the G-band is typically corresponded to graphitic structure, especially in the MWCNT [9].
Bansal et al, Comparison of structure and yield of multiwall carbon nanotubes produced by the CVD technique and water assisted method, Physica B Condensed Matter. 405 (2010) 1745-1749
Du et al, The electromagnetic properties and microwave absorption of mesoporous carbon, Materials Chemistry and Physics 135 (2012) 884-891
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Chun Qing Gu, Zhi Hong Yan, Yong Lun Song, Qiang Liu
The real-time imaging system consisted of DR mechanical transmission device detection, X-ray room and a computer [5].Zhou Guangxiang, Zheng Dequan applied CR technology to study the slim weld structure, and they fulfilled the weld quality control of the product without damage [6].GaoYuling, Ma Yan and other members of the Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute adapt industrial CT system in military NDT charge defect detection [7].
The embedded system structure shows in Fig.2.
Fig.2 The frame structure of the embedded system.
The structure of FPGA module is shown in Fig.4, and the tasks of the module include: Interface Module Controller register group Controlle Divider Motor Control Module 2(Pulse + Direction) Motor Control Module 1 (Pulse + Direction) Motor Control Module 3(Pulse + Direction) Motor Control Module 4 (Pulse + Direction) Camera Pulse Trigger Module System Clock Encoder Acquisition Module Optocoupler Input Acquisition Module Limit(Limit +Home)Acquisition Module ARM RD WR CS DAT ADD Fig.4 FPGA control module 1) Driving motors.
Research on CR Technology for Ultrathin Welded Bearing Structure Products and Its Application [J], Machine Building Automation. 2013, 6, 42(4):21-25
The embedded system structure shows in Fig.2.
Fig.2 The frame structure of the embedded system.
The structure of FPGA module is shown in Fig.4, and the tasks of the module include: Interface Module Controller register group Controlle Divider Motor Control Module 2(Pulse + Direction) Motor Control Module 1 (Pulse + Direction) Motor Control Module 3(Pulse + Direction) Motor Control Module 4 (Pulse + Direction) Camera Pulse Trigger Module System Clock Encoder Acquisition Module Optocoupler Input Acquisition Module Limit(Limit +Home)Acquisition Module ARM RD WR CS DAT ADD Fig.4 FPGA control module 1) Driving motors.
Research on CR Technology for Ultrathin Welded Bearing Structure Products and Its Application [J], Machine Building Automation. 2013, 6, 42(4):21-25
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Jintara Satarn, Khanita Kamwilaisak, Wimonporn Lamamorphanth
This could produce large amounts of corn strove as a solid agricultural waste
Corn stover predominantly contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which are a strong and durable structure.
The solid residue was dried at 55 oC for 24 h. and then analyzed the morphological structure.
The untreated corn stover in Fig. 3a shows flat surface with dense and strong fibril structures while the water and acid hydrolysed sample was in Fig 3 b) and c).
This is because H+ ion from H2SO4 could attack ester bonds in lignin–carbohydrate complex, resulting to destroy the structure of lignin and loose the remaining hemicellulose from insoluble crystalline cellulose which affects of the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass [9].
The chemistry and technology of furfural and its many by-products, first ed.
The solid residue was dried at 55 oC for 24 h. and then analyzed the morphological structure.
The untreated corn stover in Fig. 3a shows flat surface with dense and strong fibril structures while the water and acid hydrolysed sample was in Fig 3 b) and c).
This is because H+ ion from H2SO4 could attack ester bonds in lignin–carbohydrate complex, resulting to destroy the structure of lignin and loose the remaining hemicellulose from insoluble crystalline cellulose which affects of the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass [9].
The chemistry and technology of furfural and its many by-products, first ed.