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To characterize the increase in the number of crystals when a multicomponent alloy passes the crystallization interval, the crystallization rate was calculated.
Chemical Composition of Metallurgical Grade Silicon The main portion of metallic impurities is concentrated at the boundaries between silicon grains in the form of silicides (FeSi, FeSi2, FeAl3Si2, FeAlTiSi, FeSi2Ti, TiSi2, etc.) and other phase inclusions [6, 9].
The constructed diagram is divided into 4 elementary triangles of co-existing phases, and the same number of points of ternary eutectics is obtained (Table 1).
Initially, the number of boron crystals increases sharply; after the mixture reaches the straight liquidus, the boron con-tent decreases, but the portion of titanium increases (up to the eutectic point).
The constructed diagram is divided into 8 simplices (elementary triangles of coexisting phases), and the same number of points of ternary eutectics corresponding to different compositions is obtained.

Introduction There are many rural settlements across the country, large area,great number,significant differences in the natural environment and development degree.
It is the old industrial base and the major grain-producing areas of China, and it is the Chinese major timber and mineral production base as well.
According to the statistics shows that the number of countryside and Natural Tun of Harbin and Qiqihar is far more than the number of Daqing.
Type Analysis Of Rural Settlements Development Of Hadaqi Region By categorizing the basic information，we can broadly understand the the basic development of Hadaqi region: such as the great disparity of  rural settlement development  level ;towns and villages are in large numbers of small scale, and they are uneven distributed; bourg appearance lacks of features and vitality.

In both workpiece shapes, very similar microstructure (grain size) can be observed.
Nevertheless, previous work [15] showed no significant effect of this slightly different microstructural on behavior material during machining of austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 bar in different annealing and aging heat treatment conditions, leading to changes in grain size and precipitation.
Err. p Mean 1.9131 0.0093 0.000024 Workpiece Shape 0.2002 0.0186 0.008593 Vc [m/min] -0.0192 0.0186 0.411149 f [mm/rev] -0.0142 0.0186 0.525313 Workpiece Shape x Vc -0.0332 0.0186 0.217092 Vc x f 0.0222 0.0186 0.355867 The AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel mechanical behavior during machining results in the conditions studied can be related to the deformation process known as “hot machining”, which is associated to working temperature above the homologous temperature (TH=0.5), in which the deformation occurs primarily by grain rearrangement, and is relatively strain rate sensitive, but insensitive to strain and, therefore, with negligible strain hardening [1].
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge CNPq (Brazilian National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development) and Fapesp (the State of São Paulo Research Foundation) for the financial support given to the development of this research trough processes number CNPq:141559/2010-1, CNPq:301577/2009-9, Fapesp: 2010/01073-3.

A low number of defects were detected at the interface in the high temperature deposited coatings compared to those observed in the coating projected at 800 ºC.
Finally, the microstructure of the heat treated coating exhibited a very equiaxial grain microstructure, with a very well defined grain boundary, and a lower grain size compared to the splat size of the high temperature deposited CS coating.

Assisted synthesis of coatings has a number of advantages that are associated with mixing of condensed layers with high-energy ions and appear in the form of the following effects: application of coatings of high density with a homogeneous structure and high strength of adhesive bond in the "coating-substrate" system, including composite and multi-layered coatings, is performed without excessive heating and that hinders the coagulation of grains and stimulates the formation of nano-scale grains, excludes release and warping of tool cutting edges; • internal stresses in the coating and at the boundary with the substrate decrease; • continuous alloying with implanted elements of formed coating for the entire thickness is performed, and that allows, in particular, increasing the plasticity of the coating, while maintaining its high hardness.
The coatings were deposited on all working surfaces of inserts, and one of rear surfaces of the inserts was subjected to mirror polishing with 2-3 μм fine grained diamond emulsion.

The most common active path is the grain boundary.
However, martensitic phase has no grain boundary.
In addition, the number of microcracks was obviously decreased.
On the other hand, the adsorbed hydrogen is affected by carbide, void, grain boundary, any precipitates and phases [14].

First, that the sample had shot peening will create more grain boundaries and dislocations that provide a shortcut for nitrogen atoms to diffuse more rapidly to the surface of the material [12-14].
As already known, the density of defects or dislocations and grain size are two important factors that enhance the diffusion process of nitrogen [11, 15, 16].
It showed at SPN samples have only small number of intermetallic particles without soldering phenomenon.
[14] D Manova, D Mandl, H Neumann, and B Rauschenbach, “Influence of Grain Size on Nitrogen Diffusivity in Austenitic Stainless Steel,” Surface and Coatings Technology, vol. 201, 2007, pp. 6686-6689

The benefaction of Mn substitution on the hydrogen absorption capacity and kinetics of the alloy are attributed to the increased cell volume and the refined grain caused by Mn substitution.
Upon refining the microstructure, a lot of new crystallites and grain boundaries evolve, which may act as fast diffusion paths for hydrogen absorption.
It was clarified that the high surface to volume ratios, i.e. high specific surface area, and the presence of large number of grain boundaries in nanocrystalline alloys enhance the kinetics of hydrogen absorption/desorption [10].

However, only a limited number of studies have been carried out on SSM cast aluminium alloys.
The FSW process almost transforms the equiaxed grains in the base metal to fine grains in the stir zone.
The grains of the TMAZ are distorted due to plastic deformation.

It was found out that the increase in MoS2 content in the deposit diminished W content in the coating and increased the average grain size.
As the MoS2 content in the deposit increases, the W content in the coating decreases while the average grain size rises.
One can observe that with the increase in the temperature of deposition, the surface development of the coatings becomes smaller probably due to decreasing number of the embedded MoS2 grains what is seen in Figs. 1a and b.