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Before electrolysis, the titanium concentrate presents a compact crystalline state structure.
When cathode was electrolyzed at CaCl2 molten salt 48 h, the cathode forms space reticular structure with 3 μm particles.
CaTiO3 phase does not exist in the phase because the compact cathode structure restrict the diffusion of Ca2+ inward the cathode in CaCl2 molten salt.
The compact cathode structure stops the diffusion of CaCl2 toward inside.
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2005, 66: 461-465

Sol-gel Synthesis of Na2Ta4O11 Nanocrystals Showing High Efficient Photocatalytic Performance Yiguo Sua, Xu Yangb, TingTing Wangc, Baoling Zhud, Xiaojing Wange* College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, P.
The significant difference in microstructure between NaTaO3 and Na2Ta4O11 may provide some hints of their influence on electronic structure and photocatalytic performance.
Inset is the crystal structure of Na2Ta4O11.
No impurities of other phases were observed, indicating the formation of single-phase orthorhombic Na2Ta4O11 structure.
To further investigate the phase structure and morphology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM were performed.

The proposed molecular structures are retrieved from ChemBio Office 2010 and saved in .cdx format.
The molecular structures are converted to smiles codes for further analysis (Table 3).
Conversion from molecular structures to smiles with Swissadme tool Compound Smiles 1 CC(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)\C=C\C(O)C(O)C1CC=CC(=O)O1 2 CC1=C(CCCC(O)=O)C=CC(=O)O1 3 CN(C)N1C=CC=C1\C=C(/C#N)C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 4 CC1=COC2=C1C(=O)C1OC1(C)CCC1OC1(C)C2 5 CC\C=C/CCO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O 6 CCCCCC(O)CC(O)=O 7 CCCCN1C(=O)\C(=N\NC2=CC=C(C=C2)C#N)C(C)=C(C#N)C1=O 8 C\C(CO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)=C/CC[C@@](C)(O)C=C Table 3.
Conversion from molecular structures to smiles with Swissadme tool (Continued) Compound Smiles 9 [H][C@@]12OC\C3=C\C=C/[C@H](C)C\C(C)=C/C[C@]4([H])C[C@@]([H])(C[C@]5(CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](CC)O5)O4)OC(=O)[C@]([H])(C=C(C)\C1=N/O)[C@@]23O 10 COC1=C(CC=C(C)C)C(OC)=C2C[C@@H](COC2=C1)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C(C)C)=C1O 11 COC1OC(OC)C(O)(CCC2(C)C(C)CCC3(C)C2CC(O)C(O)C32CO2)C1O 12 [H][C@@]12CC[N@@](C[C@@H]1C=C)[C@H](C2)C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C12 Pharmacological Properties Analysis.
Zoete, SwissADME: A free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules, Sci.

These materials offer new possibilities for smart solutions, for example for key urban infrastructure structures such as bridges, motorways, junctions, tunnels etc.
Composite materials have a great advantage, especially in the simple possibility to modify the material properties and parameters using input raw materials and chemistry in relation to the application, the environment, and the market demand.
As fillers, a wide range of materials can be used, from aggregates, sawdust, sand, glass to plastics or, for example, carbon, which is suitable as an electrically conductive element due to its free electrons and, above all, its structure [1][2].
The fillers are evenly distributed in the matrix to provide an electrically conductive internal network or structure.
The main parameters of the fillers are the type and character of the filler used, and the ability to form an internal conductive structure for a given amount in the matrix.

The Change of Swelling of Pulp Fibres under Recycling GEFFERT Anton1,a*, GEFFERTOVA Jarmila1,b, STEVULOVA Nadezda2,c and SEMAN Blazej1,d 1Technical University in Zvolen Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, T.G.
Due to the grinding the original structure of the walls of pulp fibres is deprived of the outer layers (P, S1).
By contrast, the highest values of swelling were recorded at 0th recycling of pulps, when there was the first intervention to the external structure of the fibres as a result of grinding and drying at 80 °C.
There ageing affected the structure of fibers (shrinkage, hornification) and a change in swelling between 0th and 8th recycling was only 5%.
Scallan, Influence of drying on the pore structures of the cell wall, in: Consolidation of the Paper Web, Trans.

In the second part, photoresist strip of patterned structure (single damascene structure) was investigated.
Typically, a photoresist layer of ~150 nm thick was coated onto a blanket Si substrate or on a single damascene structure of BARC/TiN hard mask/low-k dielectric/bottom hard mask/Si stack.
Photoresist removal of patterned structure was carried out in a beaker set-up using pure �-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) at 60°C for a constant time of 2 min.
For patterned photoresist on single damascene BDII structure, UV treatment performed under nitrogen atmosphere but with uncontrolled oxygen concentration resulted in polymer chain scission as evidenced by a complete removal of photoresist in organic solvents (Figure 7(a)).
Treatment of photoresist by UV irradiation could be an interesting process to increase C=C bond concentration, which can be used in combination with oxidative wet strip chemistry.

Preparation of Upconversion Luminescent NaYF4 Co-doped with Yb 3+ /Er3+ via Hydrothermal Synthesis Changhua Cheng, Youna Wu and Zhaoxian Xiong a College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China a zxxiong@xmu.edu.cn Keywords: Upconversion luminescence, Hydrothermal synthesis, NaYF4 Abstract.
The NaYF4 exists as two polymorphs: the hexagonal structure and the cubic one.
The crystal structures were analyzed by an X-ray powder diffractometer with CuKa (λ = 0.15406 nm) radiation generated at 40 kV/30 mA.
When the temperature reached to 180°C, all the peaks can be coincident to Na(Y1.5Na0.5)F6 with hexagonal structure (JCPDS Card, file No. 16-0334 ) , and space group is P63/m.
Under 180°C, there was second phase, Na0.41Y0.59F2.18 with cubic structure (JCPDS Card, file No. 39-0724), in the obtained products.

The nanoparticle morphology, crystalline and chemical structure were studied by XRD, SEM and EDS.
The low magnification bright field images permit to identify the structure and the growth "small primary nanoparticles" through the collision/coalescence mechanisms.
The obtained results and the mechanisms of ultrafine phosphor particles generation were discussed in terms of precursor chemistry, process parameters and structural characteristic.
Fig 4a is a low magnification bright field image obtained by TEM that permits to identify the structure of primary nanoparticles through the collision/coalescence mechanisms.
ILLL Grenoble 1990 [10] Wyckoff, Ralph W.G (1986) Crystal structures, Robert E Krieger publishing company inc.

Except different locations of heat resources, three workshop models have totally same geometric dimensions and steel structures.
Heat resources and steel structure platforms in workshops are both simplified as cubes. 3.
To facilitate the model-building, dormers’ structure is simplified.
Therefore, for triple-span workshops, under the same circumstance of heat resources, steel structure and surroundings, the optimal solution is that, heat resources should be located in side span and close to inlets as much as possible, with outlets directly above heat resources.
For triple-span workshop, under the same circumstance of heat resources, steel structure and surroundings, the optimal solution is that, heat resources should be located in side span and close to inlets as much as possible with outlets directly above heat resources.

Device Based on Swirling Cavitation Degradation Inlet Orifice A Swirling chamber Combined chamber Baffle plate Outlet Slit A A-A There are many types of structure to form swirling cavitation in theory.
If taking simple structure and easy manufacturing into account, the practical and applied structure for swirling can be abstracted as shown in Fig. 1 and its transformation.
In order to meet the needs of dimension design for large flow rate device in industrial application, CFD software is still used to verify that the structure of mini-device mentioned above is valid for large flow rate device because the great dimensional scaled model experiment is very difficult to be carried on under the current experiment condition limited in laboratory.
Fig. 6 Simulation pressure of large-scale model Conclusion Based on the principle of swirling hydrodynamic cavitation, the model of wastewater treatment device with simple structure and well manufacturability has been created.
Guo, et al: Progress in Chemistry, Vol. 17 (2005), p.549 [11] J.