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Compromise between these requirements and the data quality depends mostly on detector that is used.
Depending on the data-collection mode, these can be grouped in point, position sensitive and area detectors.
In general, line detectors collect data over a certain 2θ range (usually 15°) simultaneously, what can significantly reduce the data acquisition time.
This type of detectors provides 2D data (Debye rings).
As previously shown in synchrotron application, significant reduction of data acquisition coupled with no-noise data could be implemented in laboratory for fast in situ measurements.

Literature data indicate that using fiber laser with high power and one-dimensional scanning can be implemented high-performance laser surfacing [1-4].
Obtained with the help of the developed model values for the broadening of powder jet due to the action of aerodynamic forces at impact jets on the surface it is necessary to agree with the experimental data on the measurement of the width of the weld paths.
The increase of flow rate of powder leads to an almost linear increase the height of the deposited layer and the reduction in the depth of melting, as in studies of the authors in [11].
The SEM of the deposited layer (left) and of heat-affected zone (on the right) These results showed Fe increasing from 5 to 15 %, Ni reduction from 62 % to 57% and Cr from 20 to 19% in the deposited layer on depth from 70 to 660 microns from the surface (Fig. 4).
Obtained with the help of the developed model values for the broadening of the jet of powder due to the action of aerodynamic forces at impact jets on the surface are in good agreement with the experimental data.

To realize this aim it is purposed to use the gained data out of this research project to modify an already existing approach under considering the specific conditions at the AUDI AG.
The first step on this exploration to an analytical approach is to generate a data basis.
However another reduction of the contact area would lead to an enhanced tendency of slip-stick effects during the experiment.
Therefore in the present work another reduction of the surface area is relinquished.
For starting to generating a data basis and to prove the numerical consideration of friction in FE-simulation the well-established plane strip drawing test was investigated experimentally and numerically.

Experimental and theoretical data for the strength of sintered samples at the final sintering temperature for phosphorite raw materials samples are presented in Fig. 1.
Strength dependence σ×10-3, H m-2 for samples No 1 and No 2 experimental and calculated data Heat transfer in the material of a spherical pellet is complicated by endothermic chemical reactions of carbonates dissociation MgCO3, CaCO3 and is described by a system of differential equations: , (1) , (2) where c – specific heat capacity of the material ; ρ – density of the pellet material; T – temperature of the pellets material; τ – time; x – radial coordinate of a pellet; λ – thermal conductivity coefficient; Ql – thermal effect of the l-th reaction; ωl – rate of the l-th reaction; hl – degree of transfer for the l-th reaction; k0l – pre-exponential factor for the l-th reaction; nl – number of the l-th reaction; El – energy activation of the l-th reaction; R — universal gas constant.
A good correlation of the results in measuring the strength of phosphorite pellets with data of similar chemical composition from other sources confirms their reliability.
The strengthening proceeds by pores reduction in the process of solid phase and liquid phase sintering.
Porosity reduction is a more decisive process that determines the resulting increase of strength in general.

The features of this voice prompt system lie in that at present no domestic or foreign product can remind inexperienced drivers under what condition it is most fuel-saving to shift gears; it can not only save the costs of driver, but can also contribute to energy saving, environmental protection, energy demand reduction and carbon emission reduction.
Select LM358 and through experiment it is detected that its comparable voltage range is 0~4.2V which is little affected by peripheral circuit and can produce accurate data.
(In the following paragraphs, there will be detailed data of the comparison voltage test.)
Table 4-1 Test Data of Comparison Voltage Throttle Measuring Signal P1.3 P1.2 P1.1 P1.0 Comparison Voltage (1.31V) Comparison Voltage (2.12V) Comparison Voltage (2.91V) Comparison Voltage (3.72V) 2.31V 0V 0V 3.85V 3.85V 3.77V 0V 0V 0V 3.85V 1.50V 0V 3.86V 3.85V 3.85V 1.30V 3.85V 3.86V 3.85V 3.85V 2.95V 0V 0V 0V 3.85V Result analysis: voltage signals are successfully transferred to digital signals by two double comparators LM358 and the precision of experiment reaches requirements.

Therefore, to predict accurately the deformation precision and control process of these high-strength titanium alloy tubes, the compressive and tensile stress-strain data is needed to employ at the inside and outside regions of bent tube, respectively.
However, only stress-strain data of tensile were applied widely for the whole tube in the previous study of finite element (FE) analyses [2,3].
This is limited by no common standards for tube specimen (or ring specimen) to obtain compression stress-strain data.
The ring specimen was defined as a deformable solid body and was meshed by 3D linear reduction integration continuum elements with eight nodes (C3D8R).
The flow stress after amendment can be written as (2) where, P is flow stress before amendment, is reduction of specimen height after deformation, R is average radius of specimen after deformation under without friction, h is instantaneous height of specimen, is difference between maximum and top radius, d is instantaneous outer diameter of specimen, H is height of specimen after deformation.

Based on the previous work [13,14], a series of thermomechanical processing with a ~6% thickness reduction followed by annealing at 1050°C for the alloy 800H and a ~5% thickness reduction followed by annealing at 1100°C for the alloy 617 were employed for the GBE treatments.
The data for the as-received samples exposed at 500 and 600°C show a large variation.
The data for the GBE-treated samples are reasonably able to be fitted with a function of wn = kt, where w, t, n, and k are the weight change (mg/cm2), exposure time (hour), reaction order, and rate constant, respectively.
Although there is no reported data for TiCrO3, its Cr vapor pressure is supposed to be close to the value of LaCrO3, since both La and Ti are hexagonal structure rather than cubic as Fe.

The average reduction in air temperature is 1.8 ◦C in the summer and 1.6 ◦C in the winter.
Cool coatings cause a slight increase in heating demand, but this is always balanced out by a reduction in cooling load.
The high alumina or fused silica sample holder system, the control/sample thermocouple, the LVDT sensor and probe rod system for measuring sample displacement, and the furnace controller data acquisition system for storing temperature and displacement data are all part of the benchtop Dilatometer 101 system.
Result and Discussion Spectral transmission and absorption data were used to calculate the solar reflectance of each two type of composite coating 30%wt CaCO3 and 60% wtCaCO3 in composite coating.

The data reported in these papers show that longitudinal stresses in the range from –20 to 20 MPa may occur between stands.
In accordance with data recorded during actual rolling, the following were taken for simulation: a rolling speed of 6.5 m/s, a roll of 375 mm in diameter, the friction coefficient of 0.4 [5], the heat transfer coefficient of 3000 W·K-1·m-2 [3,6,4, 9] and the rolled steel of grade C4D.
This results in a reduction in the work of friction forces in the unit and roll wear in the rolling process.
The data given in Table 2 demonstrates that a decrease in the work of friction forces in the unit during rolling, according to Variant III, is due to a lower speed of metal slip on the roll surface.
In the case of rolling with longitudinal compressive stresses, a slight reduction in the work of friction forces in the unit is observed.

Based on the shown data in Table 1, it could be concluded that the layered structure of Ni-Zn LHS was formed completely.
The vibrations data of the IR spectra is shown in Table 2.
Based on the data, it can be concluded that the immobilization process was done preparing by the presence of ascorbic acid.
Y., 2019, Reduction of Graphene Oxide Thin Films using A Stepwise Thermal Annealing Assisted by L-Ascorbic Acid, Diamond & Related Materials, 92, 242-247
D., 2010, Vitamin C is An Substitute for Hydrazine in The Reduction of Graphene Oxide Suspensions, J.