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Online since: March 2017
Authors: Muhammad Firdaus Mohd Nazeri, Nordarina Jumali, Ahmad Azmin Mohamad
The corresponding potential and current was recorded using multimeter equipped with data interface recording software (MT-1860 Pro’skit).
X’Pert HighScore Plus software was used to match the corresponding peaks with the standards from International Committee of Diffraction Data (ICDD) X-ray data file.
Regions AB and EF refers to the reduction of dissolved oxygen O2 into H2O in aerated HCl electrolyte.
Oxides formed in the pitting holes as resulted of pure metal react with oxygen reduction or aerated HCl solution.
X’Pert HighScore Plus software was used to match the corresponding peaks with the standards from International Committee of Diffraction Data (ICDD) X-ray data file.
Regions AB and EF refers to the reduction of dissolved oxygen O2 into H2O in aerated HCl electrolyte.
Oxides formed in the pitting holes as resulted of pure metal react with oxygen reduction or aerated HCl solution.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Sheng Jie Di, Ming Yuan Wang, Zhi Gang Shan, Hai Bo Jia
We summarized the test data from two boreholes (ZK1, ZK2) in the offshore site, and the distribution of measured shear wave velocity scattered points varying versus the depth is shown in Fig.2.
(a) Offshore wind farm at site in Jiangsu Province and test equipment (b) Test data of ZK1 and ZK2 Fig.1.
Offshore wind farm at site and shear wave velocity scattered data of ZK1 and ZK2 Liquefaction evaluation and conclusion In the stress approach, cyclic loading is represented by the ratio of cyclic shear stress to initial vertical effective stress.
The depth of data is limited to 20 m.
According to the in situ data type, evaluation curve of liquefaction potential of ZK2 and graphs presenting CRR, CSR, and calculated FS versus depth of ZK1 and ZK2 are displayed in Fig.5.
(a) Offshore wind farm at site in Jiangsu Province and test equipment (b) Test data of ZK1 and ZK2 Fig.1.
Offshore wind farm at site and shear wave velocity scattered data of ZK1 and ZK2 Liquefaction evaluation and conclusion In the stress approach, cyclic loading is represented by the ratio of cyclic shear stress to initial vertical effective stress.
The depth of data is limited to 20 m.
According to the in situ data type, evaluation curve of liquefaction potential of ZK2 and graphs presenting CRR, CSR, and calculated FS versus depth of ZK1 and ZK2 are displayed in Fig.5.
Online since: January 2011
Authors: Jun Yan
Therefore, Sequential coupling method is adopted ignoring the impact of solid deformation on the fluid, so the direction of data transmission is one-way.
Tabel 1 Primitive partial data No. x(mm) y(mm) z(mm) p(Mpa) 1 -1.60000 2.00000 -97.62463 3.32148 2 -2.77304 4.82847 -97.66308 4.44396 3 -1.60000 2.00000 -99.62121 3.67378 4 -2.77414 4.81633 -147.34482 2.66489 6 -1.60000 2.00000 -147.44140 1.26902 6 -1.60000 2.00000 -146.44472 1.00478 7 -2.94113 0.28262 -99.96667 4.16001 8 -4.04403 -1.03186 -97.82381 3.69040 9 -1.60000 2.00000 -101.61788 3.70837 10 -4.43449 -1.49718 -99.77618 3.68174 11 -6.31230 -2.64332 -98.03796 3.88869 3.2 Coordinate Transformation As the model blade is 55 degree, local coordinate system is produced by translating the coordinate origin and rotating the Z-axis 55 degree clockwise, Rotation matrix is: (1) Through three-dimensional coordinate transformation, original coordinates is changed into local coordinates shown in Tabel 2.
Total pressure is a dual function about xL and yL (Where xL and yL are the corresponding local coordinates) Tabel 2 Partial data after Coordinate transformation No. xL(mm) yL(mm) P(Mpa) 1 0 877.47646 3.32148 2 -1.98046 877.34691 4.44396 3 0 876.47878 3.67378 4 -1.98216 827.66617 2.66489 6 0 827.66869 1.26902 6 0 829.66627 1.00478 7 -2.24194 876.03332 4.16000 8 -3.96771 877.17618 3.69039 9 0 873.48211 3.70837 10 -4.66613 876.22481 3.68173 11 -6.930733 876.96204 3.88869 3.3 Surface Fitting Matrix least squares problem is that, for matrix ,, to find , to make reach minimum [3-4].
According to analytic geometry theory, exported data can be processed by Matlab program. the M-function is established to fit the data shown as Tabel 2, the approximating function of blade pressure side is: (2) the approximating function of blade suction side is : (3) 3.4 Finite Element Modeling As the flow in each channel field is identical whose feature is circumferential symmetry, a single channel model is established [5-6].
With the reduction of rotor, the filling rate is gradually increased in order to achieve constant braking torque under wide range of speed and improve braking deceleration controllable.
Tabel 1 Primitive partial data No. x(mm) y(mm) z(mm) p(Mpa) 1 -1.60000 2.00000 -97.62463 3.32148 2 -2.77304 4.82847 -97.66308 4.44396 3 -1.60000 2.00000 -99.62121 3.67378 4 -2.77414 4.81633 -147.34482 2.66489 6 -1.60000 2.00000 -147.44140 1.26902 6 -1.60000 2.00000 -146.44472 1.00478 7 -2.94113 0.28262 -99.96667 4.16001 8 -4.04403 -1.03186 -97.82381 3.69040 9 -1.60000 2.00000 -101.61788 3.70837 10 -4.43449 -1.49718 -99.77618 3.68174 11 -6.31230 -2.64332 -98.03796 3.88869 3.2 Coordinate Transformation As the model blade is 55 degree, local coordinate system is produced by translating the coordinate origin and rotating the Z-axis 55 degree clockwise, Rotation matrix is: (1) Through three-dimensional coordinate transformation, original coordinates is changed into local coordinates shown in Tabel 2.
Total pressure is a dual function about xL and yL (Where xL and yL are the corresponding local coordinates) Tabel 2 Partial data after Coordinate transformation No. xL(mm) yL(mm) P(Mpa) 1 0 877.47646 3.32148 2 -1.98046 877.34691 4.44396 3 0 876.47878 3.67378 4 -1.98216 827.66617 2.66489 6 0 827.66869 1.26902 6 0 829.66627 1.00478 7 -2.24194 876.03332 4.16000 8 -3.96771 877.17618 3.69039 9 0 873.48211 3.70837 10 -4.66613 876.22481 3.68173 11 -6.930733 876.96204 3.88869 3.3 Surface Fitting Matrix least squares problem is that, for matrix ,, to find , to make reach minimum [3-4].
According to analytic geometry theory, exported data can be processed by Matlab program. the M-function is established to fit the data shown as Tabel 2, the approximating function of blade pressure side is: (2) the approximating function of blade suction side is : (3) 3.4 Finite Element Modeling As the flow in each channel field is identical whose feature is circumferential symmetry, a single channel model is established [5-6].
With the reduction of rotor, the filling rate is gradually increased in order to achieve constant braking torque under wide range of speed and improve braking deceleration controllable.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yong Hui He
.);
(3) In order to read a text, vector characters and get their ASCⅡ code;
(4) If the ASCⅡ code is an even number, and Wi = 0 or ASCⅡ code number, and Wi = 1, then Wi is hidden successfully, go to step (2); Otherwise, when the ASCⅡ code is an even number, and Wi = 1 or ASCⅡ code odd, and Wi = 0, go to step (3) until the end of the binary string hidden information;
(5) With the embedded watermark embedding process data increases, will lead characters in the text to the right, so the data needs to be embedded in one another's moves left to do to do the same displacement compensation;
(6) Change the contents of the word spacers, raise or lower the height of the character after the replacement, changing the format of the word spacers to ensure carrier adjacent text between words, sentences adjacent interval between one and only one character.
2.2 The extruding of watermarking
For the extraction of the watermark information in the document, the document is actually the process of embedding
(1) Watermark extracted from the document, the set d [i] represents the document in the i-th character of the word spacing, to determine if d [i +1 "is greater than d [i] and d [i +2] is less than d [i], then that the first i characters embedded in the data "1", otherwise, that the embedded data is "0
" (2) The detected data is stored in a one-dimensional binary array, all the files detected in the finished one-dimensional array into a two-dimensional array result[i], the secret information is embedded
Table 1 Results of Robustness experiment operation zoom ratio/ BER rotation compression copy camera proportion BER 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 70% 50% 30% 0 0 0 0 17% 38% 0 4% 23% As can be seen, zoom, rotate, copy, camera operation, the detection of the watermark little effect, for the reduction and compression operations watermark has a strong robustness. 3.2 Vision affects experiments 50 people randomly identify, for each of the same repeating the following test: First, do not tell the object to be tested by trial watermark information exists (the condition 1), in a predetermined time (30 sec, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min ) requires the test subject inside the test object is to identify anomalies; then test by test subjects were told that there watermark information, and watermark information is loaded into the character glyph (the condition 2), the request to be within a predetermined time test subjects who identify with the characters in normal circumstances these characters see what
(1) Watermark extracted from the document, the set d [i] represents the document in the i-th character of the word spacing, to determine if d [i +1 "is greater than d [i] and d [i +2] is less than d [i], then that the first i characters embedded in the data "1", otherwise, that the embedded data is "0
" (2) The detected data is stored in a one-dimensional binary array, all the files detected in the finished one-dimensional array into a two-dimensional array result[i], the secret information is embedded
Table 1 Results of Robustness experiment operation zoom ratio/ BER rotation compression copy camera proportion BER 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0 70% 50% 30% 0 0 0 0 17% 38% 0 4% 23% As can be seen, zoom, rotate, copy, camera operation, the detection of the watermark little effect, for the reduction and compression operations watermark has a strong robustness. 3.2 Vision affects experiments 50 people randomly identify, for each of the same repeating the following test: First, do not tell the object to be tested by trial watermark information exists (the condition 1), in a predetermined time (30 sec, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min ) requires the test subject inside the test object is to identify anomalies; then test by test subjects were told that there watermark information, and watermark information is loaded into the character glyph (the condition 2), the request to be within a predetermined time test subjects who identify with the characters in normal circumstances these characters see what
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Yun Fei Zhou, Li Gang Huo, Guang Dou Liu
Fig.1 Functional block of servo driver
Finally, according to both the instruction data from motion controller and the actual motor current measurement signal, the difference is calculated and PID algorithm is executed in DSP, the varying duty ratio of PWM signal output to drive power bridge, result in the load current following instructions closely.
Acquisition of instruction data In this paper, the DSP access the data of off-chip A/D conversion chip ADS8365 through external interface (XINTF) as shown in Fig.3.
In the DSP, XINTF consists of 20 address lines, 32 data lines, and three chip-select lines.
High precision servo drives with DSP-based torque ripple reduction [A].
Class D Audio Amplifier Performance Relationship to MOSFET Parameters, International Rectifier: Application Note AN-1070, www.irf.com [7] TMS320F28335 Digital Signal Controllers (DSCs) Data Manual, Texas Instruments Incorporated: www.ti.com
Acquisition of instruction data In this paper, the DSP access the data of off-chip A/D conversion chip ADS8365 through external interface (XINTF) as shown in Fig.3.
In the DSP, XINTF consists of 20 address lines, 32 data lines, and three chip-select lines.
High precision servo drives with DSP-based torque ripple reduction [A].
Class D Audio Amplifier Performance Relationship to MOSFET Parameters, International Rectifier: Application Note AN-1070, www.irf.com [7] TMS320F28335 Digital Signal Controllers (DSCs) Data Manual, Texas Instruments Incorporated: www.ti.com
Online since: March 2012
Authors: P. Sooksaen, S. Kannasute, K. Larbmark, C. Maneelada
Single-step heat treatment was used to crystallize glasses at different temperatures following the DTA data.
Therefore in this study, isothermal heat-treatment was performed above this exothermic peak (following DTA data) i.e. between 900 and 1200°C to form aluminium borate whiskers dispersed in the glass matrix.
The diffraction data in this study clearly supported the phase diagram data even though it was synthesized from a non-equilibrium system.
Whisker crystals from sample at 1000°C can be correlated with Al4B2O9 phase according to XRD data.
Yamaguchi, Synthesis of MgAl2O4 whiskers by oxidation-reduction method.
Therefore in this study, isothermal heat-treatment was performed above this exothermic peak (following DTA data) i.e. between 900 and 1200°C to form aluminium borate whiskers dispersed in the glass matrix.
The diffraction data in this study clearly supported the phase diagram data even though it was synthesized from a non-equilibrium system.
Whisker crystals from sample at 1000°C can be correlated with Al4B2O9 phase according to XRD data.
Yamaguchi, Synthesis of MgAl2O4 whiskers by oxidation-reduction method.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Bin Wang, Ji Hong Zhou
Therefore, the important environment
protection is controlling the boiler room noise, achieving better noise reduction effect with less
investment in light of local condition and saving energy as much as possible.
The information of blowers and induced draft fans and the actual monitoring data of all monitoring sites are showed in the following table 1 -4.
Monitoring data sheet of every monitoring points' instantaneous A sound level for background values in the boiler room unit: dB Monitoring points Monitoring time Wo rksh op A Poi nt Wo rksh op B Poi nt Wo rksh op C Poi nt Pu mp 1 Mo nito ring poi nts 1 Pu mp 2 Mo nito ring poi nts 2 Uni on Ho me Hou se Bou nda ry poi nts1 Bou nda ry poi nts2 fan Fan The righ t side Sid e March 24 45 46 42 44 55 59.4 46 46.7 46 47 45 50 49 48 March 25 48 51 47 48 57 50 47 46.5 49 43.9 50.9 56 52 51.5 March 26 43 45 41 44 78 50 51 53 47 56 47 57 55 53 March 27 45 50 43 44 57 51 50 52 46 55 46 57 54 53 March 28 47 48 45 46 54 50 51 54 48 55 43 56.5 53 53.4 March 29 47 49 46 45 56 52 53 54 50 57 46.5 58 55 54.1 March30 48 49 47 46 53 53 54 53 51 56 45.5 59 56 54.5 Table 4.
The Figure of actual monitoring data in March 25 Figure 6.
The graph of revised data in March 25 The Assessment of the Boiler Room Noise Since the school belongs to the cultural and educational area, the sensitive points around the boiler room should be the implemented 1 class standard (daytime: 55 dB) in accordance with sound environmental quality standard (GB3096-2008).
The information of blowers and induced draft fans and the actual monitoring data of all monitoring sites are showed in the following table 1 -4.
Monitoring data sheet of every monitoring points' instantaneous A sound level for background values in the boiler room unit: dB Monitoring points Monitoring time Wo rksh op A Poi nt Wo rksh op B Poi nt Wo rksh op C Poi nt Pu mp 1 Mo nito ring poi nts 1 Pu mp 2 Mo nito ring poi nts 2 Uni on Ho me Hou se Bou nda ry poi nts1 Bou nda ry poi nts2 fan Fan The righ t side Sid e March 24 45 46 42 44 55 59.4 46 46.7 46 47 45 50 49 48 March 25 48 51 47 48 57 50 47 46.5 49 43.9 50.9 56 52 51.5 March 26 43 45 41 44 78 50 51 53 47 56 47 57 55 53 March 27 45 50 43 44 57 51 50 52 46 55 46 57 54 53 March 28 47 48 45 46 54 50 51 54 48 55 43 56.5 53 53.4 March 29 47 49 46 45 56 52 53 54 50 57 46.5 58 55 54.1 March30 48 49 47 46 53 53 54 53 51 56 45.5 59 56 54.5 Table 4.
The Figure of actual monitoring data in March 25 Figure 6.
The graph of revised data in March 25 The Assessment of the Boiler Room Noise Since the school belongs to the cultural and educational area, the sensitive points around the boiler room should be the implemented 1 class standard (daytime: 55 dB) in accordance with sound environmental quality standard (GB3096-2008).
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Jing Yi Sun, Jie Chao
According to the data from the international energy agency, there is no doubt that the electric industry occupies 40 percent, the highest part, of carbon emission in all over the world.
It mainly emphasizes remarkable reduction of greenhouse gases emission.
Judgment matrix element values are based on the evaluation opinions of data analysis and many experts on indicators, through the use of 1~9 and the reciprocal scaling method two elements were quantified comparison judgment matrix[7].
Application Analysis Taking low carbon transportdemonstration area of KunmingChenggong,and Using above modelto applicationanalysis.Mode of transportation,the relevant parametersdivision,part of thesurvey data are shown in Table 3.
Then, it combines the actual forecast of travel structure, and compared with the data investigation data, to verify the validity of the model and to improve the accuracy of travel structureprediction.
It mainly emphasizes remarkable reduction of greenhouse gases emission.
Judgment matrix element values are based on the evaluation opinions of data analysis and many experts on indicators, through the use of 1~9 and the reciprocal scaling method two elements were quantified comparison judgment matrix[7].
Application Analysis Taking low carbon transportdemonstration area of KunmingChenggong,and Using above modelto applicationanalysis.Mode of transportation,the relevant parametersdivision,part of thesurvey data are shown in Table 3.
Then, it combines the actual forecast of travel structure, and compared with the data investigation data, to verify the validity of the model and to improve the accuracy of travel structureprediction.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Kamal Henri Khayat, Feng Xing, Wu Jian Long
Introduction
Autogenous shrinkage is the macroscopic volume reduction of cementitious materials when the cement hydrates after initial setting [1].
A data acquisition system automatically registers the data from the vibrating gage.
In order to improve the prediction accuracy, the cement type factor γ of Tazawa and Miyazawa prediction model was modified by applying the test data to the prediction model.
The slope (A of the y = A*x equation) of the y vs. x values (i.e. predicted vs. measured strengths) reflects the degree of accuracy of the prediction equation to the measured data.
The R2 values indicate the degree of scattering of the predicted-to-measured strength data to the y = A*x values.
A data acquisition system automatically registers the data from the vibrating gage.
In order to improve the prediction accuracy, the cement type factor γ of Tazawa and Miyazawa prediction model was modified by applying the test data to the prediction model.
The slope (A of the y = A*x equation) of the y vs. x values (i.e. predicted vs. measured strengths) reflects the degree of accuracy of the prediction equation to the measured data.
The R2 values indicate the degree of scattering of the predicted-to-measured strength data to the y = A*x values.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Chun Yan Du, Pei Yong Feng, Chen Lu, Shan Shan Zhang
In the process of digital proofing total ink limit, at first four total ink amount value was preset respectively, secondly, color target was printed, when the proof thoroughly dry, EFI proofing system measure data by online Gretag-Macbeth Spectrophotometer, so that the system get corresponding total ink amount(Table 1).
With the reduction of total ink amount limit, density is declining trend overall.
According to table 1, when ink amount limit is 260, measurement and calculation by system gives the maximum amount of ink is 245, which is in line with the experimental data.
Similar situations occur with other three total ink amount, according to the total ink amount by EFI proofing system computed and measured data in experiment, the total ink amount which EFI proofing system gives coincides with measured data.
Vision matching of two colors can be shown by CRF curve[8], according to the color difference data, and cumulative relative frequency, cumulative relative frequency curve of the color difference is shown in Figure 4.
With the reduction of total ink amount limit, density is declining trend overall.
According to table 1, when ink amount limit is 260, measurement and calculation by system gives the maximum amount of ink is 245, which is in line with the experimental data.
Similar situations occur with other three total ink amount, according to the total ink amount by EFI proofing system computed and measured data in experiment, the total ink amount which EFI proofing system gives coincides with measured data.
Vision matching of two colors can be shown by CRF curve[8], according to the color difference data, and cumulative relative frequency, cumulative relative frequency curve of the color difference is shown in Figure 4.