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Online since: December 2010
Authors: Wei Wang, Guang Yang, Lan Yun Qin, Ming Tong, Xing Liang Wang
Fig.6 The EDS of black grain of fig.5 Fig.7 Microhardness distribution Fig.8 Friction coefficient curve
Fig.6 is EDS of black block in Fig.5 marked as 1.
b a Fig.9 Surface morphology of wearing Ti6Al4V a-Overall SEM of wearing of subtract b-Partial enlargement SEM of wearing of subtract On the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy substrate appears a typical feature of noticeable plastic deformation combined with dense and deep ploughed grooves .Some debris deposited on the edge of the friction surface, there are a large number of chip-like wear debris and a small amount of granular debris on the worn surface , which is the typical feature of abrasive wear and oxidative wear .Since titanium is easily oxidized in air and the wear promoted it, oxidative wear plays a major role in the beginning of the friction process, although the oxide film is destroyed, it can be regenerated soon.
As the wear process progressed, the wear was increasing, some wear debris was ejected with the reciprocating motion and some was retained in contact zone which acted as grains, it grinded deep grooves on the substrate surface to enlarge the wear.
b a Fig.9 Surface morphology of wearing Ti6Al4V a-Overall SEM of wearing of subtract b-Partial enlargement SEM of wearing of subtract On the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy substrate appears a typical feature of noticeable plastic deformation combined with dense and deep ploughed grooves .Some debris deposited on the edge of the friction surface, there are a large number of chip-like wear debris and a small amount of granular debris on the worn surface , which is the typical feature of abrasive wear and oxidative wear .Since titanium is easily oxidized in air and the wear promoted it, oxidative wear plays a major role in the beginning of the friction process, although the oxide film is destroyed, it can be regenerated soon.
As the wear process progressed, the wear was increasing, some wear debris was ejected with the reciprocating motion and some was retained in contact zone which acted as grains, it grinded deep grooves on the substrate surface to enlarge the wear.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Lei Zhong, Xin Hao, Hui Zou
The main food crops of this area is rice.In 2010, rice production was about 3747200 tons, which accounting for the national grain yield 1.8%.
Rice as the main grain crops in south of Jiangsu area, which reducing the number of planting area.
Rice as the main grain crops in south of Jiangsu area, which reducing the number of planting area.
Online since: September 2016
Authors: Larisa Grigorieva, Mihail G. Bruyako, Aleksandra Grigorieva, Irina Ivanova
However, after removal of composition water (ignition at 350°С) pores are characterized by smaller size, which reduces the number of gases they can adsorb.
The amount of defects of zeolite grains increases with NLTP treatment duration, which eventually results into irreversible damage.
NLTP treatment causes increase in specific surface along with reduction of average grain size of zeolite.
The amount of defects of zeolite grains increases with NLTP treatment duration, which eventually results into irreversible damage.
NLTP treatment causes increase in specific surface along with reduction of average grain size of zeolite.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Roberto Bernasconi, Alessandro Tucci, Luca Magagnin, Luca Nobili
SEM images showed that the LP coating underwent metal consumption along grain boundaries, whereas dissolution occurred on the HP sample only in a few small spots.
SEM pictures of the samples after testing displayed metal dissolution along grain boundaries in the matrix and occasionally around the carbide particles.
Acknowledgements The research here reported has received funding from European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme under the HardAlt project: GA number 606110.
SEM pictures of the samples after testing displayed metal dissolution along grain boundaries in the matrix and occasionally around the carbide particles.
Acknowledgements The research here reported has received funding from European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme under the HardAlt project: GA number 606110.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Ram Naresh Rai, G.L. Dutta, M. Chakraborty, A.K. Prasada Rao
It is evident from the microstructure shown in Fig. 1a, that a number of particle clusters are found to be along the α-Al grain boundaries.
It is also seen that in the as-cast condition, the TiC particle clusters are present in the grain boundaries.
It is also seen that in the as-cast condition, the TiC particle clusters are present in the grain boundaries.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Wei Dong Huang, Jin Song Bao, You Sheng Xu
A lunar rover soft-soil dynamics model based on the Bekker theory
Lunar rovers typically adopt rigid wheels, whereas the lunar surface is mostly covered by fine grained soil, called regolith.
Consequently, the classic rubber tire model or the simple rolling friction model used on the vehicle or common wheeled robot simulation platform cannot adequately reflect the rigid wheel-grained soil interaction that governs the rover motion on the lunar surface.
The wheel parameters used in the simulation are: vertical wheel load = 30 N, wheel radius = 0.15 m, wheel width = 0.15 m, number of wheel lugs = 24, lunar surface gravity = 1.63 m/s2; The lunar soil parameters are: cohesive modulus Kc = 1380, frictional modulus Kφ = 814520, Bekker sinkage exponent n = 1.0, internal frictional angle φ = 0.541, shearing deformation modulus of soil j = 172.0, input voltage signal for each motor = 3.74 V.
Consequently, the classic rubber tire model or the simple rolling friction model used on the vehicle or common wheeled robot simulation platform cannot adequately reflect the rigid wheel-grained soil interaction that governs the rover motion on the lunar surface.
The wheel parameters used in the simulation are: vertical wheel load = 30 N, wheel radius = 0.15 m, wheel width = 0.15 m, number of wheel lugs = 24, lunar surface gravity = 1.63 m/s2; The lunar soil parameters are: cohesive modulus Kc = 1380, frictional modulus Kφ = 814520, Bekker sinkage exponent n = 1.0, internal frictional angle φ = 0.541, shearing deformation modulus of soil j = 172.0, input voltage signal for each motor = 3.74 V.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Takahiro Sekigawa, Yoshihito Kawamura, Hitoshi Okouchi, Yoshikazu Seki, Hirohito Hira
The fatigue strength of the RS P/M Mg96.7Zn0.85Y2Al0.45 alloy
was 325 MPa, which was similar to that of the RS P/M Mg97Zn1Y2 alloy.
250
300
350
400
450
1.0E+03 1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07
250
300
350
400
450
1.0E+03 1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07
Fig.4 Fatigue strength of RS P/M Mg96.7Zn0.85Y2Al0.45 and Mg97Zn1Y2 alloys
Stress,
σ
/ MPa
Number of cycles to failure, �f
RS P/M Mg96.7Zn0.85Y2Al0.45
RS P/M Mg97Zn1Y2
450
400
350
300
250
1.0E+03 1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07
Figure 5 shows images of the surfaces of the RS P/M Mg96.7Zn0.85Y2Al0.45 and Mg97Zn1Y2 alloy
samples after the salt spray test.
The grain size of this alloy was about 200 nm, which was similar to that of the RS P/M Mg97Zn1Y2 alloy.
Grain refinement occurred due to dynamic recrystallization during extrusion, and the existence of the LPSO phase in the matrix was observed.
The grain size of this alloy was about 200 nm, which was similar to that of the RS P/M Mg97Zn1Y2 alloy.
Grain refinement occurred due to dynamic recrystallization during extrusion, and the existence of the LPSO phase in the matrix was observed.
Online since: July 2005
Authors: Jacob L. Jones, Keith J. Bowman, Thomas Key, William F. Shelley
Ferroelectric crystals possess regions with uniform polarization within their grains called
ferroelectric domains at temperatures below their Curie temperature (TC).
Dipole directions are defined by the crystallographic structure and symmetry and are thereby limited to specific directions within a grain.
Acknowledgments This research is supported by the NIST ATP Grant Cooperative Agreement Number 70NANB2H3028 and the National Science Foundation Grant No.
Dipole directions are defined by the crystallographic structure and symmetry and are thereby limited to specific directions within a grain.
Acknowledgments This research is supported by the NIST ATP Grant Cooperative Agreement Number 70NANB2H3028 and the National Science Foundation Grant No.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Lin Sheng Wan, Hong Chao Li, Shu Sheng Yang, Li Fu Zhao
., LTD and jiangxi university of technology over the past two decades, the integrated use of physical chemistry, wet metallurgy, powder metallurgy, transmission theory science theory system, the hydrometallurgical principle of the wolframite and scheelite were deeply and systematically studied , self-developed a number of key technologies [1-2], and the high efficiency and clean technology to produce high performance APT from wolframite and scheelite were first realized at home and abroad, the tungsten smelting metal yield was greatly improved, the cost of the auxiliary materials was reduced, the waste water, waste gas can reach the standard of drain.
Due to long-term no ascertain the rule of APT crystallization kinetics, the crystallization process can not be controled, the good particle size performance (grain size, particle size distribution, apparent density, liquidity) and morphology (single crystal, spherical crystal)of the APT powder can not be produced at home and abroad; Due to the cost and the technical bottleneck, nanometer tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder can only be produced in the experimental research stage, which seriously restricted our country high-end tungsten material production.The production of high performance APT is a difficult problem in the world.
(3) The proprietary control technology of APT property First developed the suspended-laminar crystallization technology, grain spheroidizing technology, low temperature-active surface technology.
Due to long-term no ascertain the rule of APT crystallization kinetics, the crystallization process can not be controled, the good particle size performance (grain size, particle size distribution, apparent density, liquidity) and morphology (single crystal, spherical crystal)of the APT powder can not be produced at home and abroad; Due to the cost and the technical bottleneck, nanometer tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder can only be produced in the experimental research stage, which seriously restricted our country high-end tungsten material production.The production of high performance APT is a difficult problem in the world.
(3) The proprietary control technology of APT property First developed the suspended-laminar crystallization technology, grain spheroidizing technology, low temperature-active surface technology.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Yan Li Lv, Chun He Xia, Yuan Long Li, Shuang Xiang
At present, there are already a large number of researches regarding the classification and description of the security events.
Wang Wenxia[9] renders 15-tuple description of network security events, that is classs_id, class_sid, category_id, category_sid, src_ip, src_port, dst_ip, dst_port, priority, reliability, startTime, is_collate_attack, is_collate_cluser, is_collate_fine_grained_cluster, id; IODEF[10] adopts three properties---eventID, purpose and restriction to make the description.
In the 15 tuples put forward by Wang Wenxia, reliability, is_collate_attack, is_collate_cluse and is_collate_fine_grained_cluster cannot be obtained from the network security logs.
Wang Wenxia[9] renders 15-tuple description of network security events, that is classs_id, class_sid, category_id, category_sid, src_ip, src_port, dst_ip, dst_port, priority, reliability, startTime, is_collate_attack, is_collate_cluser, is_collate_fine_grained_cluster, id; IODEF[10] adopts three properties---eventID, purpose and restriction to make the description.
In the 15 tuples put forward by Wang Wenxia, reliability, is_collate_attack, is_collate_cluse and is_collate_fine_grained_cluster cannot be obtained from the network security logs.