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Online since: March 2014
Authors: Zhong Hui Li, Liang Li, Wei Ke Luo, Da Qing Peng, Dong Guo Zhong
So, another technique of dislocation reduction by in-situ mask (SiNx) drawed more attentions of the reachers [8, 9].
FWHM of (002) diffraction decreased first and then increased with SiH4 follow rate, and the lowest data was 257 arcsec. as 1.0 sccm.
FWHM of (102) diffraction increased monotonously with SiH4 follow rate, and the lowest data was 286 arcsec at 0.5 sccm.
The FWHM and related intensity of GaN spectra showed the same trace with SiH4 flow rate, both got the lowest data at 1.0 sccm.
FWHM of (002) diffraction decreased first and then increased with SiH4 follow rate, and the lowest data was 257 arcsec. as 1.0 sccm.
FWHM of (102) diffraction increased monotonously with SiH4 follow rate, and the lowest data was 286 arcsec at 0.5 sccm.
The FWHM and related intensity of GaN spectra showed the same trace with SiH4 flow rate, both got the lowest data at 1.0 sccm.
Online since: March 2004
Authors: In Sup Kim, Seong Moon Seo, Chang Yong Jo
Effects of grain refinement on LCF behavior of CM247LC at 760 � were found to be reduction
of data scatter and increase of minimum
fatigue life.
The relatively wide band of fatigue data with CG specimens might be attributed to the anisotropy in deformation of Ni-base superalloys [2,3].
Due to anisotropic deformation characteristics, FG specimen may have relatively uniform LCF lives compared with large band of data scatter in CG specimen.
The relatively wide band of fatigue data with CG specimens might be attributed to the anisotropy in deformation of Ni-base superalloys [2,3].
Due to anisotropic deformation characteristics, FG specimen may have relatively uniform LCF lives compared with large band of data scatter in CG specimen.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Jun Qiang Xi, Xing Long Liu, Li Peng Luo, Yu Hui Hu
Taking into account the changes of torque transmitting characteristics with temperature increasing, the clutch control strategy should be changed to avoid the quality reduction of gear shifting and the thermal damage of clutch.
It is a free two-way wireless communications technology working in the 2.4 GHz band with low complexity, low power, low data rate and low-cost.
Meanwhile, DS1621 transfers the data of cold junction temperature to MCU through I2C bus.
After that, these data are packed as the Fig. 8 shows and be sent out through Zigbee wireless every 10ms.
It is a free two-way wireless communications technology working in the 2.4 GHz band with low complexity, low power, low data rate and low-cost.
Meanwhile, DS1621 transfers the data of cold junction temperature to MCU through I2C bus.
After that, these data are packed as the Fig. 8 shows and be sent out through Zigbee wireless every 10ms.
Online since: May 2007
Authors: Bin Chen, Xiang Guo Zeng, X. Peng, X. Wu, S. Chen
The results obtained in the analyses agree well with experimental
data.
Taking tensile loading as an example, because w(f) is a monotonically decreasing function, and all other quantities in Eq. (6) are positive, the increase in the void volume fraction f results in a reduction in the deviatoric stress ijds .
The computed results will be compared with test data.
The experimental data were obtained from tensile tests conducted on an Instron 1342 material testing system.
Taking tensile loading as an example, because w(f) is a monotonically decreasing function, and all other quantities in Eq. (6) are positive, the increase in the void volume fraction f results in a reduction in the deviatoric stress ijds .
The computed results will be compared with test data.
The experimental data were obtained from tensile tests conducted on an Instron 1342 material testing system.
Online since: July 2010
Authors: M. Shaheer Akhtar, Ui Yeon Kim, Dae Jin Choi, O Bong Yang
The decreased
intensities of FT-IR and 1HNMR peaks are ascribed to the scission of chain and reduction of
molecular weight of PEO by irradiation.
This results are consistence with FTIR and 1HNMR data.
It is consistent with DSC data (Table 1).
Table 1 Physiochemical properties of PEO polymer (DSC), PEO-TiO2 composite electrolyte (conductivity) and photovoltaic perfromance of fabcriated DSSCs (PV data). 1PEO polymer properties before and after irradiation 2Properties of PEO-TiO2 composite electrolytes prepared by irradiated PEO except raw PEO Summary The e-beam irradiation technique was found to be an effective method to improve and modify the morphological and structural properties of PEO-TiO2 composite electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC).
This results are consistence with FTIR and 1HNMR data.
It is consistent with DSC data (Table 1).
Table 1 Physiochemical properties of PEO polymer (DSC), PEO-TiO2 composite electrolyte (conductivity) and photovoltaic perfromance of fabcriated DSSCs (PV data). 1PEO polymer properties before and after irradiation 2Properties of PEO-TiO2 composite electrolytes prepared by irradiated PEO except raw PEO Summary The e-beam irradiation technique was found to be an effective method to improve and modify the morphological and structural properties of PEO-TiO2 composite electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC).
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Gui Lian Liu, Hao Li
Fig. 1 The hydrogen network in a complex refinery
Table 1 Data of source streams
streams
Flow rate [Nm3/h]
%[v/v] H2
streams
Flow rate [Nm3/h]
%[v/v] H2
SR0
19800
99.60
SR17
300
74.99
SR1
14000
99.80
SR18
170
69.67
SR2
1000
95.00
SR19
500
65.80
SR3
2700
95.00
SR20
474
63.96
SR4
640
93.50
SR21
300
58.60
SR5
22800
93.00
SR22
3000
50.00
SR6
26500
92.00
SR23
200
55.00
SR7
500
91.97
SR24
50
55.00
SR8
8650
90.00
SR25
350
50.70
SR9
54500
90.00
SR26
350
50.00
SR10
63000
88.00
SR27
300
44.00
SR11
67000
89.70
SR28
4000
37.5
SR12
31000
88.00
SR29
50
36.76
SR13
49000
88.00
SR30
3000
29.97
SR14
6500
87.00
SR31
9000
25.67
SR15
200
82.00
SR32
5000
21.9
SR16
5314
91.97
Table 2 Data of sink streams
Streams
Flow rate [Nm3/h]
%[v/v] H2
Streams
Flow rate [Nm3/h]
%[v/v] H2
SK1
1400
99.78
SK7
56000
90.26
SK2
4000
99.6
SK8
38000
90.04
SK3
25000
93.58
SK9
55000
89.27
SK4
28000
92.41
SK10
67000
89.70
SK5
9100
91.7
SK11
7650
87.45
SK6
73000
89.51
SK12
5954
92.1
In a hydrogen distribution system, a sink is
For this case, the data of all the sink and source streams are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.
The reduction of the hydrogen utility will result in the new purity profiles and new hydrogen surplus diagrams.
For this case, the data of all the sink and source streams are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively.
The reduction of the hydrogen utility will result in the new purity profiles and new hydrogen surplus diagrams.
Online since: January 2006
Authors: Alexander Korshunov, A.A. Smolyakov, Irina Vedernikova, Lev Polyakov, Tamara Kravchenko, V.P. Solovyev
Thus, the data on mechanical properties are integral values, which - although they
represent general regularities - cannot make it clear to what extent mechanical properties across the
sample are changed after ECAP.
Elongation (δ5) distribution across the sample: ∆ upside (Z=2.6 mm), ○ middle (Z=0.0 mm), □ downside (Z=−2.6 mm) In comparing the data of Fig. 2 and Figs. 3-5, one should note that the strength properties (tensile strength and conventional yield strength) measured in standard and small-size specimens are practically identical irrespective of the pressing route and the number of passes.
This is attributed to the size effect, which manifests itself in the decrease in plasticity with the reduction of the specimens' size [3].
The data of Figs. 3-5 show that the strength properties in the initial-state material are distributed highly uniformly, whereas elongation has considerable heterogeneity.
Elongation (δ5) distribution across the sample: ∆ upside (Z=2.6 mm), ○ middle (Z=0.0 mm), □ downside (Z=−2.6 mm) In comparing the data of Fig. 2 and Figs. 3-5, one should note that the strength properties (tensile strength and conventional yield strength) measured in standard and small-size specimens are practically identical irrespective of the pressing route and the number of passes.
This is attributed to the size effect, which manifests itself in the decrease in plasticity with the reduction of the specimens' size [3].
The data of Figs. 3-5 show that the strength properties in the initial-state material are distributed highly uniformly, whereas elongation has considerable heterogeneity.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Guo Shun You, Xiang Zhen Han
Pointwise cross-section data are used in MCNP.
Important standard features that make MCNP very versatile and easy to use include a powerful general source, criticality source, and surface source; both geometry and output tally plotters; a rich collection of variance reduction techniques; a flexible tally structure; and an extensive collection of cross-section data.
Data in Table 1 show that the spent fuel pool keff is the maximum of 0.8729 when the density of water is assumed 1.0g/cm3 at normal storage condition.
Important standard features that make MCNP very versatile and easy to use include a powerful general source, criticality source, and surface source; both geometry and output tally plotters; a rich collection of variance reduction techniques; a flexible tally structure; and an extensive collection of cross-section data.
Data in Table 1 show that the spent fuel pool keff is the maximum of 0.8729 when the density of water is assumed 1.0g/cm3 at normal storage condition.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Xiao Rong Zhu, Wei Zhao, Jian Chao Zhang
Reactive power and voltage coordinated control strategy
Figure1 Wind farm reactive power optimization control system
This paper wind farm reactive voltage optimization goal is: ensure the stability of the pcc voltage and meet the constraint conditions, control the wind farm reactive power output to achieve the stability of the machine voltage and the reduction in the network loss.
The control steps Wind farm reactive power and voltage control steps as follows: 1) Get real-time operational data , the control instruction of PCC voltage and wind turbine terminal voltage from the wind farm data monitoring platform; 2) Determine whether control dead zone, if the control dead zone, then control over; If not, then in step 3; 3) Calculate the reactive power source output range, establish the reactive voltage control mathematical model; 4)Set the parameters such as particle number, number of iterations in the algorithm, random initialization of the velocity and position of each particle. 5) Calculate the fitness of each particle, get the particle individual optimal value pbest and global optimal value gbest;6) Update each particle's position and velocity, weights and learning factor; 7) If reach the pre-set number of iterations, then stop the search, or turn to step 5;8) Determine whether the data is reasonable, if reasonable then control execution, if not then alarm.
The control steps Wind farm reactive power and voltage control steps as follows: 1) Get real-time operational data , the control instruction of PCC voltage and wind turbine terminal voltage from the wind farm data monitoring platform; 2) Determine whether control dead zone, if the control dead zone, then control over; If not, then in step 3; 3) Calculate the reactive power source output range, establish the reactive voltage control mathematical model; 4)Set the parameters such as particle number, number of iterations in the algorithm, random initialization of the velocity and position of each particle. 5) Calculate the fitness of each particle, get the particle individual optimal value pbest and global optimal value gbest;6) Update each particle's position and velocity, weights and learning factor; 7) If reach the pre-set number of iterations, then stop the search, or turn to step 5;8) Determine whether the data is reasonable, if reasonable then control execution, if not then alarm.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: M.V. Varkey, Shilpa Rajeev, Deepak John Peter
The structural efficiency of the CFST arch bridge system is due to reduction in bending moments by the use of arches and ties, confinement effect provided by the steel tube to concrete, effect of post tensioning in reducing tensile stresses in ties, composite action which improves the flexural capacity of the ties. [5] This form of bridge system improves the aesthetic quality of the bridge and seismic behavior is desirable.
The ground acceleration data of Sikkim earthquake, 2012 of magnitude 6.9 was applied to the structure.
Fig 4 shows the tri-directional ground acceleration data applied.
Fig 3: Model of the CFST Bridge Fig 4: Ground acceleration data Modal analysis Modal analysis for the structure was carried out to obtain the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the structure which are given in Table 2.
The ground acceleration data of Sikkim earthquake, 2012 of magnitude 6.9 was applied to the structure.
Fig 4 shows the tri-directional ground acceleration data applied.
Fig 3: Model of the CFST Bridge Fig 4: Ground acceleration data Modal analysis Modal analysis for the structure was carried out to obtain the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the structure which are given in Table 2.