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Online since: December 2014
Authors: Alexander G. Fishov, Irina L. Klavsuts, Dmitry A. Klavsuts
· For pursuing their aims every subject effectively uses its own tools for regulating the voltage and available local data about the grid`s mode.
Rules: - If during the regulation of the voltage level by the principle of minimum losses in the adjoining to the node of generation area of the grid increase of the voltage of generator excitation leads to reducing/increasing losses in the grid, then there is proportional increase/ reduction of the excitation voltage
- If during the regulation of the voltage level by the principle of maximum transmission of the electricity in the area of the grid increase of the voltage of generator excitation leads to increase/ reduction in transmission of electricity in the area, then there is proportional increase/ reduction of the voltage of excitation.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Obed M. Ali, Rizalman Mamat, Ahmad Fitri Yusof, Che Ku Mohammad Faizal
Previous studies have suggested that the weight percent of oxygen content in the fuel is the most important factor for PM reduction, and it is more important than other properties such as chemical structure or volatility [11].
Therefore, a comprehensive data of biodiesel and their blend fuel physical properties is required to analyze the characteristics of biodiesel when operated with conventional diesel engines.
This was expected, as DEE will dilute the free fatty acids present in POME, resulting in a reduction in AV.
The maximum reduction of PP for blended fuel B40 was 3oC when adding 6% DEE.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yong Hiu Song, Jian Wang, Xiao Ling Liu, Ping Zeng
Moreover, the fermentation process for the production of VFAs offers the advantage of reduction in sludge volume and subsequent land requirement for disposal [5,6].
This might be due to the following three aspects: (i) proteins which were always the dominate organics in excess sludge could be directly degraded to produce acetic acid via reductive deamination or oxidation-reduction known as the Stickland reaction by anaerobic fermentation bacteria[20]; (ii) acetic acid could be converted from other higher-chain VFAs like propionic or butyric acid by hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria; (iii) The fact that the activities of methanogenic microorganisms was inhibited could lead to accumulate acetic acid.
However, whether further decreasing or increasing the pH resulted in a significant reduction of consumed total proteins.
This explained why the concentration of total VFAs rapidly increased in the early fermentation, and then remained relatively stable during the rest time of fermentation (data not shown).
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Ahmad Zaidi Ahmad Mujahid, Noridah Mohamad, Abdul Aziz Abdul Samad, Josef Hadipramana
This situation eventually exhibits large increase in stress followed by a rapid reduction in strain reduction, i.e. its densification region, as it approaches its failure limits [10].
This agrees with findings from Kakooi, et, al [23], where significant reduction of crack in concrete was observed followed by an increase in compressive strength of concrete.
The data for penetration depth (mm) was directly measured from the slab specimens.
Online since: December 2024
Authors: Henry Hu, Lance Ying, Anita Hu, Wu Tian Shen
The tests were carried out on a hydraulic press installed on a device collecting data.
The rapid cooling observed in the thin section contributed to a reduction in solute segregation and porosity formation, resulting in lower porosity content.
The reduction in section thickness led to a decrease in dendrite size but an increase in the fraction of micron Mg-Al-Zn and nano Al-Mn intermetallic due to the high cooling rate observed in the thin section.
Analysis of the deformation behavior revealed a notable increase in toughness, resilience, and strain hardening rate with a reduction in the wall size.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ping Zhang, Jing Su, Li Ming Zhang, Mei Yan Hang
This test data in Table 2 and Fig. 1.
Grinding excitation materials effect on the compressive strength of fly ash Analyze the test of the fineness and specific surface area, the incorporation of grinding exciting materials A, B, C bring about the fineness of fly ash and the specific surface area were increased; illustrate the excitation materials A, B, C have a grinding effect, to stimulate the 45μm sieve percent of materials B largest reduction.
The incorporation of grinding materials, mechanical grinding, the purpose is to change the surface structure, particle composition, surface of fly ash particles are packaged effectively by excitation materials. so that the surface energy between the particles and the surface tension reduction, increased spherical particles, play the "ball" effect, increased mobility, improve workability system, thereby reduce water demand ratio[1-2].
Study on Mechanical force -chemistry of the Size Reduction Process of Fly Ash with Grinding aids[J].Chongqing Environmental Sciences,2003,25(11),68-70
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Andrzej Bieniek
One can note, however, that the ever stricter regulations regarding the emission of hazardous substances as well as laws aiming at the reduction of fuel consumption (reduction of CO2 emission directly related to total fuel combustion) result in a constant strive for search of the methods that can enable these requirements to be fulfilled.
Brunt, et al, “The Calculation Of Heat Release Energy From Engine Cylinder Pressure Data”, SAE Paper 980152 (1998) [3] Bieniek A.: Conception of cylinder pressure based diesel injection control system, Journal of KONES, Powertrain and Transport, Vol. 18, No. 3 (2011) 27- 35 [4] Bieniek A., Mamala J.
Karkkainen, “Multicylinder Diesel Engine Design For HCCI Operation”, Presentation To The Diesel Engine Emissions Reduction (Deer) Conference (2006) [6] M.
Online since: November 2018
Authors: Sufizar Ahmad, Hamimah Abdul Rahman, Andanastuti Muchtar, Siti Fairus Mohammad, Khalid Saluiman Abdallah
It also, exhibits extraordinary electronic conductivity compared to barium strontium cobalt ferrite (BSCF) that reveals a good catalysis for oxygen reduction and is particularly compatible with the ceria carbonate based electrolytes [9,10].
This discovery will promoting on increased of surface area and enlarged the TPB area for oxygen reduction reaction to occur in the cathode [20].
The agglomerates size of SSC5:SDCc5 also dramatically affected the porosity value of the composite cathode pellet, such that the increased size of the agglomerations with calcination temperatures content significantly reduced the porosity and hence increase the pellet densification as from data collected presented in Table 3.
A composite oxygen-reduction electrode composed of SrSc0.2Co0.8O3−δ perovskite and Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 for an intermediate-temperature solid-oxide fuel cell.
Online since: January 2022
Authors: Ahmad Zahirani Ahmad Azhar, Afifah Ali, Hanisah Manshor
The work pointed out that the abnormal grain growth may cause the reduction in densification of ZTA-TiO2-Cr2O3.
Fig. 3: Bulk density of ZTA-TiO2-Cr2O3 ceramic composite The calculated data of sintered sample with different compaction pressure was plotted in Fig. 4.
Besides, increase in compaction pressure significantly causing reduction in firing shrinkage [13].
The reduction of hardness value at 350 MPa compaction pressure can be associated to its lower bulk density.
Online since: November 2020
Authors: Ben Ma, Han Chao Gao, Hai Long Yu, Wei Wang, Zhong Hui Li
The drop in supply voltage required for an acceptable dissipated power level is limited by the properties of silicon limit the reduction in supply voltage required for an acceptable consumed power level.
The rocking curves of the GaAs (004) diffraction surface were plotted with the data recorded in the process of scanning the samples with an X-ray diffractometer to evaluate the crystal quality of GaAs/Si samples obtained with different growth parameters.
The reduction in the thickness of the buffer layer can lead to the degradation of the surface flatness, indicating that there should be a critical thickness value in the design of the buffer layer, as a buffer layer with a very low thickness is unacceptable.
Ohmachi, Dislocation Reduction in GaAs on Si by Thermal Cycles and InGaAs/GaAs Strained-Layer Superlattices, Jpn.
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