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The more affected countries are Russia, Canada, the United States, Japan, Finland, as well as China.
According to the date issued by the State Council Information Office, ice disaster in south China in 2008 affected 19 provinces (autonomous regions or municipalities) in different degree and caused economic losses as high as 53.7 billion yuan [1,2].
At present, there are more than 30 kinds of methods [3,4,5] to deicing and anti-icing, which can be divided into mechanical deicing and thermal ice-thaw.
Mechanical deicing is less power consumption but inefficient, and always requires manual intervention.
The mechanical property of the covered ice as well as the particularity of operation object brings many uncertain factors to the choice of deicing methods.

Choosing the most rational emission treatment technology for a particular chemical compound is a complex and important task, and many factors must be taken into account.
Next, a hierarchy of the efficiency of the selection of treatment equipment depending on the factors of influence was built with the help of connecting criteria.
Depending on the type of contaminant and physicochemical properties, different methods of neutralization and capture are used.
Hierarchy of the optimization problem of fly ash emission treatment devices (mechanical cleaning) Each fly ash capture method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of a particular method depends on the characteristics of the fuel, gas cleaning requirements, cost-effectiveness, and environmental factors.
Investigation of the Influence of the Physical Properties of Landfill Soils on the Stability of Slopes in the Context of Solving Civil Security Problems.

The mechanical parameters of materials are shown in Table 2.
Based on the ratio of principal stress, it can be ascertained that the correction factors of the tensile fatigue strength are 0.74, 0.74, 0.80 and the design values are 1.40MPa, 1.40MPa, 1.51MPa.
Table 2 Mechanical Parameters of Materials Concrete Steel Bar Mass Density[㎏/m3] 2400 Mass Density[㎏/m3] 7800 Young’s Modulus[N/㎡] 2.95e10 Young’s Modulus[N/㎡] 1.9e11 Poisson’s Ratio 0.2 Poisson’s Ratio 0.3 Expansion Coeff alpha 1e-5 Expansion Coeff alpha 1.35e-5 Dilation Angle[°] 30 Yield Stress[N/㎡] 2.1e8 Eccentricity 0.1 Plastic Strain 0 Fb0/fc0 1.15 K 0.6667 Fig.1 a) pylon finite element messing b) concrete stress contours c) steel bar stress contours Based on the global analysis, the more accurate elements are messed at the round of crack tips to research the cracks propagate or not.
In view of the adverse effects of tension-compression cyclic process along with temperature changing on anti-fatigue property of concrete [5], the three cracks will propagate because the maximum tension stress of the N0.1 and No.2 cracks is beyond the concrete tensile fatigue strength design value and the one of N0.3 approximates the design value[6].
The crack propagation of mass concrete is very complicated and affected by many inconclusive factors.

Udayakumar1,b, Sah Md Fahim Anwar1,c Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu, India, Pincode-620015 E-mail: avmari@nitt.edu, bmuday@nitt.edu, cmdfahimanwar@gmail.com Keywords: VAR system, Thermodynamic, COP, exergetic efficiency, Thermoeconomic, R134a-DMAC Abstract This study focuses on the analysis of Tetrafluoroethane-Dimethylacetamide (R134a-DMAC) VAR system based on both thermodynamic and economic point of view and optimal operating parameter are proposed.
In thermodynamic analysis mass flow rates, temperature, pressure, enthalpy, mass fraction and exergy of various state points are determined and based on the above state point properties the system COP and exergetic efficiency are calculated.
(2) The chemical exergy component is associated with the work obtainable in bringing a stream of matter from the state that is in thermal and mechanical equilibrium with the environment to a state of that stream of matter that is in the most stable configuration in equilibrium with the environment
The factor that affects the strong solution mass flow rate is the density of the fluid, which is function of temperature.
Based on the dominance of these two factors, the trend of the graph is as described.

These factors justify the companies operating in the industry to continuously work on the development of new technologies and solutions.
The mechanical method of separating the liquid from the solid is not considered drying.
A solid can contain water in different forms, such as free moisture or bound form, which directly affects the drying rate [4].
These properties have some consequences for the treatment costs: the operating costs of thermal drying are higher than those of biological drying.
Furthermore, the relatively high location of the cabin area greatly affects the position of the vertical center of gravity.

Raw Materials and Experiment Programs Raw Materials. (1) Cement. 52.2R Portland cement of Ningxia Saima, its chemical composition and mechanical properties are listed in Table 1. (2) Fine Aggregate.
According to the formula[1], CLE can be calculated, the formula is as follows: R=(L40°-L0°)/L0° R---- CLE of concrete L40°----Length of the specimen under 40° L0°----Length of the specimen under 0° Results and discussion Influence of Four Factors.
°C-1） A 0.40 1.0 0 30 8.621 B 0.40 3.5 5 34 8.351 C 0.40 6.0 10 38 9.971 D 0.47 1.0 5 38 9.621 E 0.47 3.5 10 30 9.386 F 0.47 6.0 0 34 9.314 G 0.55 1.0 10 34 10.884 H 0.55 3.5 0 38 9.368 I 0.55 6.0 5 30 9.862 K1 26.943 29.126 27.302 27.869 K2 28.321 27.105 27.834 28.549 K3 30.114 29.146 30.241 28.959 k1 8.981 9.709 9.101 9.290 k2 9.440 9.035 9.278 9.516 k3 10.038 9.715 10.080 9.653 The R from Table 5 shows that the order of affect of 4 factors on CLE is water-cement ratio> silica fume >air content> sand ratio.
Conclusions (1) Water-cement ratio has greatest Influence on CLE of 60d age concrete than the other factors, then the order of Influence on CLE is silica fume, air content, the last is sand ratio.
Influence of Mineral Admixtures and Air-Entraining Agent on Thermal Expansion Property of Cement-Based Materials [J].

Speckle-based methods are of great practical interest for the users, but their signal to noise ratio (SNR) is affected by the rigid body motion of the specimen.
A simulated mechanical loading is applied to the field.
In a classical mechanical context, rigid body motion is a very common problem.
A simulation was used to study some basic properties.
[2] Rethore J., Roux S., Hild F., Noise-robust stress intensity factor determination from kinematic field measurements.

The material properties of this CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) specimen list in Tab.1.
Elastic properties are made to be dependent on three field variables, FV1, FV2 and FV3.
The mechanical properties in the damaged area are reduced appropriately according to the property degradation model defined in Table 2.
In these two cases, the maximal value of the stress concentration factor is maybe larger than 2.5.
The friction affects the distribution of interlaminar normal stress.

Ren School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China Keywords: Theoretical model, Diamond wheel, Hard and brittle materials, Drilling Abstract.
Introduction As a kind of typical hard and brittle material, engineering ceramics are differentiated from traditional ceramics by the specialized properties they process, high hardness, high thermal resistance, chemical steadiness, and low thermal or electrical conductivity and so on.
The property profile of these materials allows an economic production of structural parts only by finishing with diamond tools or special machining technologies.
A critical load Pc for the initiation of a median crack is given by [7]: H K P 3 V 4 IC c ��= . (1) where, � is a dimensionless factor related to the indenter geometry; KIC is the fracture toughness of workpiece material; HV is the Vickers hardness of workpiece material.
As there are some other factors affecting Mv, for example the flushing of swarf and self-sharpening of abrasive grains, the Mv is not proportional to the rotation speed of the drilling tool.

The material of the first input shaft is alloy steel 45Mn2, and its mechanical properties are as follows: the modulus of elasticity E=2.10×1011Pa, the Poisson's ratio μ=0.3, density ρ=7.82×103kg/m3, the allowable stress [σ]= 216MPa (safety factor ns=2.5).
China Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol.19, 2008(24), p.2926-2929
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol.47, 2011(23), p.44-55
Journal of Mechanical Transmission, Vol.32, 2008(5), p.88-91
Journal of Mechanical Transmission, Vol.36, 2012(4), p.84-86