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The effect of chills on the microstructure and mechanical properties of CADI was investigated after Austempering.
The mechanical properties of the CADI samples (as-cast and austempered) were evaluated for hardness, impact and wear.
The mechanical properties of ductile irons are primarily due to their matrix structure which is based on the production process and its composition [3-4].
The cooling rate is an important factor which affects the hardness, especially when the metallic chills are placed at the bottom and side of the moulds [8].
Table 2, Mechanical Properties of the CADI samples Mechanical Properties No chill (S1) Bottom chill (S2) Bottom and side chills (S3) As-cast Austempered at 325oC As-cast Austempered at 325oC As-cast Austempered at 325oC Hardness (VHN) 215 352 256 389 310 412 CVN - Impact Energy (Joules) 14 32 12 25 8 22 As expected, the impact energy decreased as carbide contents increased.

The choice of material depends on factors such as mechanical properties, heat resistance, and application requirements [7].
The printing speed depends on factors such as layer height, material, and the specific 3D printer.
The dimensional accuracy or tolerance can vary and is affected by factors like printer calibration and material shrinkage.
Analysis of the Mechanical Properties Fig. 7.
Analysis of the mechanical properties Table 2.

The main reason is that this steel shows sufficient mechanical properties such as high hardness, high ductility and high toughness.
Furthermore, the present of Ti, V, Mo, Cr, N or graphite in the electrode introduced to form the hard and strong phases such as Fe-Ti, Fe-V, Fe-Mo, TiCN/TiN or Fe-Cr-C in the weld metal was the factors for improving the mechanical property of the hardfacing weld metal [8,12-14].
Finally, the relation between the mechanical properties and the microstructure of the weld metal was also investigated and reported.
The proper weld layer that affected to decrease the dilution effect in the weld metal and improve the weld properties was about 3 layers.
The welded specimens were investigated for mechanical properties and microstructure of the weld metal.

With a synthetic study on the mechanical properties and deformability of TWBs, and an advanced mechanical analysis of weld-line movement, the theoretic basis for the whole forming and redesign of a complicated component of auto body (body side-inner panel) was achieved.
Mechanical Analytic Model on Weld-line Movement.
To eliminate the defects, the following parameters are chosen to be optimized according to deformational properties.
Though local defects of wrinkles and deficient deformation still appear, they are in the complementary process area and can be cut out as waste in subsequent handling without affecting the product quality.
 Considering the structural and functional properties of the intended part, on the basis of functional test, four pairs of parent metal sheets are selected to meet the technologic and functional requirements

The result of analysis using ANOVA is grains size factor, holding time, and compacting pressure has affected significantly to hardness of Aluminum/5% fly ash.
Aluminum has good properties such light-weight, corrosion resistant, good thermal conductivity, so it is a lot of used in automotive industry.
Literature References The research to be conducted on the influence of compaction pressure and sintering process holding time on temperature of physical and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy with the optimum fly ash reinforcement are relevant to the research results of previous studies.
References [1] Arik, H. and Chengiz, B., 2001, “Investigation of Influences of Pressing and Sintering Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Al-AlC4O3 Composite Materials”, Turkish J.
[3] Ejiofor, J.U., dan Reddy R.G., 1997, “Development in the Processing and Properties of Particulate AL-Si Composites”, Journals JOM is Published of the minerals.

This paper presented the abrasive wear process of a particle pressing into the material and sliding on the surface simulated by finite element method to reveal wear characteristics and effect factors.
The contact stress and surface deformation of material were indicated and material wear resistance was studied, it was found that the stress and the deformation of subsurface not only depends on mechanical properties of material and original surface shape, but also on deformed surface profile due to sliding.
Factors affecting abrasive wear were complex, including abrasive particle hardness, size and shape, toughness and crushing strength, the hardness and the wear resistance of material, load and speed of motion, the wear resistance of material had a relationship with almost all the performance of the material[1-4].
In this paper, using ANSYS finite element software, it was simulated that a abrasive particle pressed into the surface of metal material and slid on surface, surface stress and deformation characteristics of material were researched, the abrasive wear resistance of material and effect factors were analyzed.
Conclusion (1) The stress and deformation of material surface in abrasive wear not only had the relations to material mechanical properties and the initial contours of particle and material surface, but also to the material surface contours deformed in contact region, there was geometric nonlinear instability associated with friction process

The results indicated that the major factor affecting them was the temperature in stageⅡ(T2).
By introduce of microcell in fiber/polymer composites, fiber/microcellular polymer composites with high mechanical properties and light weight were obtained.
In stage Ⅲ, the high mechanical properties of the composites would be gained through further curing at the atmosphere pressure and room temperature (RT) for 14 days.
The results of orthogonal experiment showed that these factors affecting the impact strength from strongly to weakly are temperature in stageⅡ(T2), temperature in stageⅠ(T1) , holding pressure in stageⅡ(P2) and holding pressure in stageⅠ(P1), respectively.
These factors affecting the impact strength from strongly to weakly were temperature in stageⅡ(T2), temperature in stageⅠ(T1) , holding pressure in stageⅡ(P2) and holding pressure in stageⅠ(P1), respectively.

Mechanical Properties of ECC Incorporating Low-Cost PVA Fibers Sallal.
Relationships between Abrasion Weight Loss and Mechanical Tests Previous studies showed that compressive strength is one of the most influential factors affecting abrasion resistance [11].
Conclusions Three main mechanical properties were tested in this research in addition to abrasion test under water.
The results of the mechanical properties showed that the compressive strength was not significantly affected by the presence of the PVA fiber, while the splitting tensile strength and the modulus of rupture increased significantly as the PVA fiber content increased.
Daek, Mechanical Properties of PP-Based Engineered Cementitious Composites, Int.

The results show that the samples treated at 200ºC has their mechanical performance affected this indicates that the temperature acts on the PC embrittlement behavior.
It is widely used in several industrial sectors, as it combines not only transparency and shock resistance but also desirable optical, thermal and mechanical properties [3].
Table 4 shows the tensile properties of all polycarbonate specimens.
Tensile properties of polycarbonate, before and after thermal degradation.
Thus, it can be inferred that the exposure of the polycarbonate to temperatures higher than 150ºC can cause reduction of its mechanical properties.

The Outdoor Aging Properties of Polypropylene / mica Composite Yujiao Wu1,a , Chunping Yang2,b 1Guizhou Institute of Technology 2Guizhou Academy of Analysis and Testing a958190452@qq.com,b315408098@qq.com Keywords: polypropylene, mica, outdoor aging, mechanical properties Abstract.
Using in the natural environment, plastic materials are affect by heat, oxygen, light, water and other factors, their properties are consistently decreasing and their using lives are shortening.
Natural aging properties testing.
Results and analysis Mechanical Properties.
Mechanical properties after natural aging (a) tensile strength (b) impact toughness Fig. 3 The relationship between mechanical properties of PP/mica composites and aging time Fig. 3 shows the relationship between mechanical properties of PP/mica composites and aging time, it can be seem that the mechanical properties trend of PP / mica composites mostly same as pure PP suggesting that the mechanism of the natural aging of pure PP and PP / mica composites are substantially the same.