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The solid curves represents 2q shift based on isotropic elasticity and the dotted curves are based on anisotropic factor ARX=1.49 [4].
The pole density at (a,b) is proportional to the integrated intensity at the same angles [4]: (4) where is the 2q-integrated intensity of the (hkl) peak corresponding to the pole direction , is the scaling factor covering the absorption, polarization, background corrections and various instrument factors if these factors are included in the integrated intensities, and is the pole density distribution function.
Pole density mapping from g profile to pole-figure Crystal size The size of the crystallites in a polycrystalline material has significant effects on many of its properties, such as thermal, mechanical, electrical, magnetic and chemical properties.
The scaling factor , in which b is the divergence of the incident X-ray beam.
In transmission mode with the incident beam perpendicular to the sample surface, the linear absorption coefficient affects the relative scattering intensity (counting statistics), but not the actual sampling volume.

Depending on the operating conditions and properties of the solid phase, various flow regimes can be observed in bed.
The fully developed friction factors were computed and correlated as a function of channel aspect ratio.
Experiments were reported on bed-to-wall heat transfer, particle motion and effects of particle properties [9, 10, and 11].
Comparing the factors affecting the flow, the cross section area is more dominant than the path length.
Kingman, The relationship between particle properties and fluidizing velocity during fluidized bed heat transfer. 

The result reveals that voltage was the most significant factor for both MRR and HTA followed by electrolyte concentration and duty factor.
It was reported that concentration of electrolyte and voltage are the most prominent factors influencing the heat affected zone.
It was observed that voltage was the most significant factor followed by electrolyte concentration and duty factor.
Singh, Electrochemical discharge machining: A review on preceding and perspective research, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: J.
Zhuang, A study to explore the properties of electrochemical discharge effect based on pulse power supply, Int.

Introduction The recent development of high power laser makes the laser welding more powerful, flexible and convenient in the transportation industry, instead of spot welding. [1,2,3] Although laser welding has many potential advantages such as low heat input and high aspect ratio of weld bead, its application to a new structural component still requires a lot of engineering data including mechanical properties such as tensile strength, fatigue strength, etc.
To understand the fatigue test results, the effects of local stresses around a weld bead were calculated by FEM and the magnification factors were introduced on the expression of local stresses around a weld bead by theoretical stress analysis.
The magnification factors were not suggested as functions of geometric features, but calculated as a constant for the geometry of the specimen from the FEM results in this paper.
The magnification factors were mainly due to the eccentric coupling moment.
The derived stresses are listed below, xσ and yσ are expressed in terms of ∞σ and magnification factors, which are non-dimensional functions of thickness, gap size, bead width.

Under such conditions, the mechanical behaviour of many alloys, in terms of both strength and ductility, can be strongly affected by strain rate [1] that, in turn, can also influence the frictional behaviour at the workpiece-tool interfaces.
Accurate material characterisation tests are required to determine material properties and to describe the mechanical behaviour of engineering materials at different strain rate values [2].
The process was simulated at two different height reductions (30 and 60%), using frictional factor values allowing the obtaining of the same ring dimensions measured from the experiments.
· the lubrication of the tool-specimen interface strongly affects the variation of the inner diameter, in particular at high strain values.
Kolsky, An investigation of the mechanical properties of materials at very high rates of loading, Proc.

Reductions of bio-diesel exhaust emissions through engine combustion chamber design modifications-an experimental study C.R.Rajashekhar1,a, T.K.Chandrashekar1,b, C.Umashankar2*, c and R.Harish Kumar3,d 1Professors, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering, Moodabidre, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. 3Professor & HOD, OR & SQC, Rayalaseema University (in lien) and Registrar (present), Sanskrit University, Tirupati 4Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSIT, Tumkur, Karnataka, India..
But the properties of bio-diesels are not the same as diesel fuels, including high viscosity and low volatility.
Shot-Peening the piston face is another possible approach during manufacturing to enhance the fatigue resistance (i.e. endurance limit) of the piston material, so that even in the presence of stress concentration effects, its actual life and durability is not affected.
Oxides of Nitrogen High combustion temperature and availability of oxygen are the two main factors which cases the formation of oxides of nitrogen.
Chandrashekar, Umashankar C.and Harish kumar R., “Studies on effects of combustion chamber geometry and injection pressure on bio-diesel combustion”, Transactions of the Canadian Society of Mechanical Engineering, vol.36, no4, pp, 2012.

Because the key factors of the dynamic performance of the machine tool are related to the characteristics of the conjoint interface, the feeding system as an important part of the machine tool, which contains typical rolling conjoint interface and fixed conjoint interface, so in order to study the dynamic performance of machine tool better, the modal analysis is carried out on the feeding system.
Introduction Research shows that: 30% ~ 50% of the static stiffness depends on the rigidity of the joint, more than 90% of the machine damping and 60% of the vibration problems of the machine tool come from the joint, so the dynamic characteristic parameters of the joint are the key factors that affect the dynamic performance of the machine tool [1].
So the finite element simulation analysis of the mechanical structures with different conjoint interface characteristics can be carried out.
Zhang, Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of Ball Screw Feed System Based on Stiffness Characteristic of Mechanical Joints.
Cai, Identification method of dynamic properties of bolted joints.

Hence, the oxidative ageing induced by irradiation as well as the thermal oxidation during the operation at elevated temperatures would induce chemical changes within the polymer matrix, potentially affecting its functionality.
Nakason, Effect of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT) on properties of carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black hybrid filler filled natural rubber nanocomposites. eXPRESS Polymer Letters 12 (2018) 867–884 [5] L.
Bokobza, Enhanced electrical and mechanical properties of multiwall carbon nanotube rubber composites, Polym.
Wolkober, The Effect of the Chemical and Physical Properties of Carbon Black on the Thermal and Photooxidation of Polyethylene, J.
Macosko, M Tsapatsis, Intercalated linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/clay nanocomposites prepared with oxidized polyethylene as a new type compatibilizer: Structural, mechanical and barrier properties.

Several factors contribute to the presence of hydrogen in the working conditions of these components: the use of long-life lubricants with certain additives contributing to hydrogen generation; the moisture entering the bearing; the salty environment that increases the probability of hydrogen penetration.
The following mechanical properties were considered for the rod and the balls: E (Young´s modulus) = 206 GPa, n (Poisson coefficient) = 0.3 and sY (yield stress) = 2065 MPa.
The first driving force for hydrogen diffusion, the gradient of equivalent plastic strain, is negative and only affects the plastic strain ring (covering a maximum depth from rod surface around 340 mm) near the rod surface shown in Fig. 2b.

The presence of amine side chain in the molecule might contribute on improving hydrophilic properties of AGO compared to GO.
However, many factors influence the quality of clean water so now water contamination becomes a serious issue among various environmental problems.
Generally, the effectiveness of any adsorption process mostly depends on the physicochemical properties of material that used as adsorbent.
The dispersibility of AGO derivative in polymer matrix is an advantage in preparing rGO/polymer composite since homogeneous dispersion is the key to improving the mechanical properties of material.
Recent report on AGO was mainly focus on exploration of its electronics properties [4].