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Survival % = Colony number of treated bacteria Colony number of control bacteria× 100 (1) For the modified Kirby-Bauer method [17] , an equal amount of copper-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles obtained from CA were coated on filter papers.
SEM micrographs were used to examine the microstructure of the nanoparticles, which would provide a better view of the grain development and grain sizes.
The average grain sizes measured by ImageJ for Co(1-x)CuxFe2O4 with x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1 are 41.52, 41.05, 40.07, 38.97, and 37.54 nm, respectively.
Moreover, there is a noticeable decrease in intensity of the 695 cm-1 tetrahedral Raman band and all the peaks are shifted towards the lower wave number side due to a higher atomic mass of Cu compared to the Co ion.

This technique makes it possible to distinguish between different degrees of decay as a function of the number of blows necessary for 1 cm penetration.
The assessment is possible by means of correlation curves between the number of blows and the wooden strength according to the wood essay, moisture content and the penetration direction with respect of the grain direction [21].
With regard to the damaged beam of the wooden floor in Palazzo Calini (Brescia), several tests were performed up to a penetration depth of 40 mm with a blow number for 1 cm of penetration varying between 6 and 12.
Small larch specimens, loaded in the direction parallel to the grain, showed an important plastic behaviour of sapwood with a ultimate shear strain gu varying from the value of 26.4 10-3 to 35.0 10-3, as depicted in Fig. 5.a.
Larch specimens loaded parallel to the grain fibres exhibit a non-linear shear behaviour with a good ductility factor that can reached a value close to 5.

Influence of Vibrations on Grain Harvesters Operator Valentin Vlăduţ1,a, Sorin-Ştefan Biriş2,b, Sorin Bungescu3,c, Nicolae Herişanu4,d 1INMA Bucharest, Bd.
Using an energetic estimation of the type: , (1) for each combine type (where n is the number of frequencies from the selected spectrum, and m is the typical weight of a combine operator, 75 daN), for the same type of acceleration and the same type of operating regime, one can obtain a ranking by quality (figs.12-14).

First, the number common elements occur in the two sequences.
Second, function g is responsible to count the number of non-common elements.
Table 1 Information on radius and average number of objects in one view.
This also helps to explore the hidden relationships and estimate future fine-grained placements, leveraging the most effective predictive mechanism for each situation.
Fig. 4 Comparison of different algorithms on the number of objects retrieved.

By analyzing these microstructure images, eight microstructure parameters including number of pore, total area, classification of area, total perimeter, average diameter, roundness, shape coefficient and anisotropy have been obtained.
On the base of MATLAB image processing library, special corresponding program is written to find the perimeter of pore contour projection ( number of pixels ) , contour lines and the area ( number of pixels ) contained by contour line.
The main characteristic parameters of pore include: the number of pores, pore total area, total pore perimeter, average pore size and pore size grading
Forms of pores between grains are not spherical but different.
Acknowledgment This work was partically supported by the Zhujiang new star project of science and technology(number: 2011J2200018) form Guangzhou science and information technology bureau.

The micro structure such as grain size, morphology and crystal phase was examined by SEM, TEM and XRD methods.
After melting a block raw material of aluminum, the continue heating cause the splashing of a large number of atoms near the surface as the temperature rises.
Therefore, these irregular floc presented in the powder was estimated as the amorphous material gathered from a number of clusters and crystal nuclei retained during the preparation process.

Assembling composite structures requires a significant number of drillings.
Here again, the result of the measurements are impacted to a large extent by the number and orientation of the fibers that are within the stylus evaluation length.
Furthermore, they highlighted a marked disparity in terms of number (or density) and depth of the main pull-outs.
To this end, the Pku criterion seems appropriate since its value is directly related to the extent and the number of the valleys on the profile.
Various geometries of micro-grain tungsten carbide tools were used such as core drills and twist drills.

Such internal friction mechanism has not been applied in the development of high damping alloy while grain boundary and twin boundary featured anelastic relaxations are applied in some high damping alloys.
The octahedral cells surrounding interstitial oxygen atom were classified into 6 kinds with number of Ti atoms.
Ferromagnetic and dislocation featured high damping alloys belong to the latter while the grain or twin boundary featured high damping alloys are characteristic of anelastic relaxation mechanism.

This crack initiation is typical for the VHCF regime and is linked to a crack initiation mechanism which forms a fine grained area (so called FGA) that occurs at inclusions at which the stress intensity factors are below the threshold value of long cracks [1].
Consequently different threshold values of stress intensity factors can be derived regarding a failure at numbers of cycles lower than the ultimate number of cycles of 109.
This process takes more number of cycles for the crack initiation than in the case of TiN inclusions.
Restressed runout specimens failing from TiN inclusions lead to a number of cycles to failure in the regime of the ultimate number of cycles.
These different crack initiation mechanisms result in different threshold values of stress intensity factors for the different inclusions types if a failure at numbers of cycles lower than the ultimate number of cycles of 109 is considered.

As a result of observing the microstructure of 4 parts after T6 heat treatment, primary Al-α phase was globularized and fine Si particles were distributed around the grain boundary.
Introduction Semi-solid metal (SSM) processing deals with semi-solid slurries, which is comprised of non-dendritc solid grains and liquid matrix.
Core (a) (b) Fig. 3 Die structure for the SSDC: (a) two steps die system with the lower-positioned gate type for the lower arm part; (b) three steps die system with the center-positioned gate type for the knuckle part Table 1 The die structure, the dimension of gate, plunger tip, and sleeve, and part and pouring weight in the 4 automobile suspension parts Gate Plunger tip Part name Die structure Area [mm 2 ] Thickness [mm] Length [mm] Taper [˚] Sleeve length [mm] Part weight [kg] Pouring weight [kg] Arm Two steps die 1,560 12 120 5 550 0.91 2.3 Lower arm Two steps die 2,016 16 150 5 600 2.5 4.3 Upper arm Two steps die 1,368 16 150 5 600 2.3 4.1 Knuckle Three steps die Central filling type 3,203 12 150 5 600 2.4 4.3 Table 2 The dimension of overflow and air vent for the semi-solid die casting in the 4 automobile suspension parts Overflow Air vent Part name Volume [mm 3 ] Thickness [mm] Width [mm] Number