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Online since: October 2018
Authors: Andrey Yu. Stolboushkin, Mikhail Druzhinin, O.A. Fomina
In the XXI century ceramic production faced the problem of reduction of their stocks.
With increase of humidity, intensity and the amount of powders sediment increases at relatively low compacting pressures, however, excessive moisture leads to density reduction as compared to the maximum which can be achieved at a given pressure.
The discovered data indicates that plastic deformations end and elastic deformations of the grains of powder begin with pressing pressure is 15-16 MPa that corresponds to a transition from the second to the third stage of the pressing process.
Kurnosov, Reduction of the cycle of heat treatment in the technology of ceramic bricks compression molding, Building Materials. 4 (2013) 42-43
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Jana Mikulová, Jacques Barbier Jr., Daniel Duprez, Sylvie Rossignol, Charles Kappenstein
The catalysts were dried overnight at 120 °C and finally activated by a reduction under H2 (20 mL.min1) for 3 h at 350 °C to obtain platinum and ruthenium in the metallic state.
It was also activated by a reduction under H2 in same conditions.
After a reduction under H2 (350 °C, 1 h) and a degassing under argon (350 °C, 3 h), some hydrogen pulses (0.26 ml) were injected at regular interval of time.
Crystallite size of the catalyst supports (Table 2) shows that the addition of 5 % weight of platinum did not significantly modify the structural data as well as the BET values.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Xian Zhang Feng, Yan Mei Cui, Hui Zhao
If going back to some deformation regulations through relying on the data collected on-the-spot merely, it was inevitably that the application scope would be narrow.
Choosing the node 1 to 6 as research object, the temperature distribution law of node was shown as figure 3 at the time. 0 153045607590 Distance /mm 550 650 750 850 950 1,050 Temperature /℃ 12 3 4 5 6 Fig. 3 Temperature distribution curve of nodes in border By analyzing the figure 3 we could know that the temperature presented the tendency of reduction in the area of node 1 to 2.
The temperature reduction was most obvious between the area of node 3 and 4, especially the node 4, which was because of node 4 located in the end of flange side, and the heat exchange compared obviously between this node and its nearby area.
The general change tendency was: the temperature of every node had the tendency of reduction with the time increasing.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Yan Min Meng, Jin Song Liu
The output layer nodes represents outer diameter of the ith pass and wall thickness, and also reflects the finished outside diameter and wall thickness influence on them, which are designed to be data dimensionless processing, convenient for neural network training.
According to the principle of similarity theory, the structure of neural network is used and shown in Figure 4, the structure of the neural network is as follows: Take five nodes of input layer: the mandrel nose cone angle α, the outer die cone angle β, the elongation λ, the initial diameter of the wall k and the reduction wall less than j; An output layer nodes: the average drawing stress F; hidden layer can be set as 13 nodes depending on the circumstances and not too much, otherwise network instability may be caused.
D0 (mm) S0(mm) D1 (mm) S1 (mm) α β nλ k j F (MPa) 1 30 1.65 25 1.54 10 12 1.295 18.18 0.400 234.42 2 26.95 1.07 23.87 0.85 11 13 1.415 25.19 1.799 179.96 3 32.07 1.481 24.15 1.23 10.8 12.9 1.607 21.65 0.686 351.05 4 31.37 1.511 24.15 1.23 9 12.5 1.600 20.76 0.808 340.77 …… … … … … … 60 8 0.98 6.35 0.91 10 12 1.390 8.16 0.346 239.35 D0 -Outer diameter at inlet, S0-Thickness as inlet, D1-Outer diameter at exit, S1-Thickness at exit, α-Mandrel angle, β-Die angle, λ- elongation, k- Initial ration os diameter to thickness, j- Ratio of thickness reduction and diameter reduction, F- Drawing stress 2.2.3 Optimization the mandrel angle and the outer die angle by genetic algorithm The trained ANN, the GA global optimization search for the optimal parameter combination of the outer die cone angle and mandrel nose cone angle, the other geometrical parameters of the die is generated by the inference engine.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Ilaria Salvatori, Paolo Emilio di Nunzio, Claudio Testani
In addition, since the precipitates were observed by TEM in thin foil specimens, the raw EDS microanalytic data have required a post-processing in order to eliminate the interference of the matrix.
The reduction of area at different temperatures, reported in Fig. 4b, shows that ductility decreases in the range from 300 °C to 500 °C with a maximum at 600 °C.
Although a partial recovery of ductility is observed after annealing, nevertheless a limited reduction is still present around 400 °C.
a b Fig. 4 YS and UTS (a) and reduction of area (b) of asextruded ODS-steel in comparison with asextruded not reinforced steel matrix as a function of test temperature.
Online since: May 2022
Authors: Chang Seon Shon, Jong Ryeol Kim, Dichuan Zhang, Aizhan Kissambinova, Ayazhan Bazarbekova, Saken Sandybay
Calcium-based stabilizers (CBS) such as lime and cement are used to improve engineering properties of soil and achieve desired soil properties resulting in the development of strength and reduction in soil plasticity [3].
Several studies have acknowledged that sulfate-rich subgrade soils stabilized with CBS are susceptible to strength reduction, volume swelling stability, and other issues due to adverse reactions between the sulfates in soil and CBS [5, 6, 7].
To obtain more accurate data, each mixture was tested three times, and the average value of UCS was recorded.
Also, the strength reduction in the mellowed soil mixtures could be attributed to the decrease in the MDD of soil after mellowing process [13].
Online since: December 2023
Authors: Tantular Nurtono, Sekar Tri Wulan Amelia, Heru Setyawan, Widiyastuti Widiyastuti
The specific capacitance (Cs) value was calculated from the CV potentiostat data using Eq. 1.
The higher specific capacitance of HC-2 is caused by the holding initial temperature at 100˚C for 4 h can prevent lignin degradation and support the reduction of KMnO4 to MnO2 by lignin [16].
Setyawan, Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Aerogels Prepared by Direct Pyrolysis of Cellulose Aerogels Derived from Coir Fibers Using an Ammonia–Urea System and Their Electrocatalytic Performance toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Ind.
Setyawan, Manganese dioxide nanoparticles synthesized by electrochemical method and its catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction, J.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Afshin Banazadeh, Farzad Banazadeh
Furthermore, these results indicate that the reason for attachment of the secondary fluid to the surface is reduction in surface pressure, which leads to the deflection the main flow and obtaining thrust vectoring.
In addition, this figure shows that secondary slot height reduction caused the enhancement of the thrust vector angle.
The results of vector angle that are computed at the nozzle exit show a nonlinear reduction in thrust deflection angle with increasing the slot height.
Furthermore, numerical model and the results of the computational simulation are compared and validated with the experimental data that were previously approved by the first author for co-flow fluidic thrust vectoring technique and show a good agreement.
Online since: July 2019
Authors: Mas Irfan P. Hidayat, Fakhreza Abdul, Hamzah Syaifullah, Sungging Pintowantoro
So the laterite nickel ore reduction process in the MBF will get better.
Heat loss is high because of the much heat to the wall resulting in a less efficient furnace due to the loss of gas reduction capabilities because after passing through the wall, the gas cools rapidly.
With central working furnace operation, the reduction process of oxides, heat transfer and gas flow in MBF will be efficient, so increase the productivity of MBF.
Jakarta: Data and Information Center of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, (2016) [2].
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Chad W. Sinclair, Matthias Militzer, Jean Denis Mithieux, Guillaume Lefebvre, Sina Shahandeh, Johanne Laigo
a) Band contrast EBSD map of the microstructure of a titanium stabilized 409 ferritic stainless steel after cold rolling to 50% reduction followed by annealing at 750oC for 200s illustrating the unrecrystallized bands (numbered 1,2 and 3) of a-fibre oriented grains.
The plot shows the recrystallization kinetics for materials rolled to different levels of cold reduction (r) and annealed at 750oC.
Comparison of extended JMAK model predictions to experimental data from titanium stabilized 409 stainless steel samples annealed at 750oC after cold rolling to 25% (squares) and 50% (circles) reduction.
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