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The cycling number was from 50-300.
The cycling number was from 50-300.
In highly brittle materials like glasses or fine-grain polycrystalline ceramics, inner-cone cracks could appear before radial cracks.
Fig. 5 showed the relationship of the residual strength of the porcelain disc and the fatigue load value and cycle numbers.

This research obtained the increase of hardness value and the number of pearlite and ferrite.
Sandpaper the sample surface with sandpaper size number 80, 120, 240, 400, 600, 1000, 1200 and 1500 (from coarse to fine).
The number of pearlite can be seen clearly in the austenite area which is at the phase (α + γ) with holding time as well as quenching and tempering treatment increases the pearlite volume.
The increase of hardness value occurred because the increase of pearlite volume fraction, this happened due to the austenite crystals are too large, so the rapid cooling pearlite will form parallel pearlite plate structure, which growns in coarse austenite crystal grains that will lower ductility/toughness of the steel.

It analyzed the relationship between cement slurry viscosity, grouting pressure, the effective grain size, permeability coefficient and the grouting concretion stones strength, in order to provide a reference for practice engineering.
The permeability of the media is mainly controlled by the pore characteristics such as the shape and size of pore, the pore connectivity and the number of pore.
Numbers of data are very limited relative to the complex experimental factors and their relationship.
Where xi is equal to Xi, and xi belongs Rd which i is the number of training ranged from1 to l.
(7) (8) Where l is the number of training set sample, yi is the real value and is the prediction value for No. i. i is real number ranged from 1 to l.

Introduction Small precipitates can substantially increase the strength of a material, since their presence hinders dislocations and grain boundaries from freely migrating through the microstructure.
Some of the parameters of major importance for precipitation hardening are the size, number and distribution of precipitates as well as their long-term stability.
In the last two decades, computational thermodynamics based on comprehensive databases for a number of different materials has been employed with great success to assist the development of optimum production routes [1].
The model In the new model, a unit cube of matter is considered, which contains an arbitrary number of precipitates of different type, chemical composition and size.
If a positive J is calculated, a number of J∆t of new precipitates is created and added to a list of existing precipitates.

Moving the vertexes of the projected triangles vertically into a grid a limited number of possible modules arises.
This number depends on the defined gradient and the axial dimension of the grid.
It results out of the squared number of included grid elements.
Putting the corner points in a grid one gets a finite number of different triangles.
If it is not allowed to mirror the components the number of necessary tools doubles (see Figure 4).

With the increase of the number of atoms in the crystal cell, the equilibrium lattice parameters of each crystal structure also change, showing different change trend.
The number of candidate materials can be calculated as C (32,6) =906192, which is 106.
Due to the number of 106 grade candidate samples generated in high-throughput doping calculation of copper alloys, a lot of computing resources and time are needed.
As shown in the figure below, the initial structure count is 30, the maximum count is 10 each time, and the loop cross validation number is 0.02.
Gavriljuk, On a mechanism for enhanced hydrogen flux along grain boundaries in metals, Acta Mater. 194 (2020) 516–521.

Soybean oil was provided by Dantu grain and oil chemical plant, China. -10PD was obtained from China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation.
Table 1 Main composition (wt.%) of SME a SME Content SME Content C14:0 0.19 C16:1 0.26 C16:0 11.09 C18:1 28.56 C18:0 5.50 C20:1 0.41 C20:0 0.60 C22:1 0.11 C22:0 0.69 C18:2 42.95 C24:0 0.22 C18:3 7.74 aCm:n: shorthand of fatty acid methyl ester. m: the number of carbon atom in fatty acid group. n: the number of double bond.
To organic compounds with similar composition and structure, substance volatility got poor with increasing the molecule mass (the number of carbon) and molecule 3D-structure.
It was chiefly because -10PD was mainly composed of alkane of 8-26 C atoms, and SME was mainly composed of FAME of 14–24 even-numbered C atoms.
Xie: Effect of Fuel Volatility and Cetane number on Emission of Diesel Engine, Jilin University, Jilin (2006) (In Chinese) [6] D.

These computational models would have great value in increasing the understanding of the cutting process and in reducing the number of experiments which traditionally are used for tool design, process selection, and machinability evaluation.
E [GPa] n [ - ] a [10-6/K] l [W/mK] cp r [N/m2K] 210 0.3 11 42 3.6 106 The Selected tools for this investigation were uncoated and fine-grain carbide (grain size 0.5-0.7mm) gundrills (d = 2.5, 8.0 mm, ISO HW-K15).
Summary To reduce the number of gun drilling tests required for tools optimization and to increase the understanding of the high performance machining process gun drilling, a uniform computational model has been developed by using the commercial implicit FE code Deform-3DTM.

Gao et al. [4] performed the high-speed weld of ultra-fine grained steel by using this technique.
These parameters can be described by the following equations: （2） （3） According to Rosenthal equation, the temperature T at any location within the plate can be described by the following equation: （4） here Pabs represents the laser power absorbed by the material; δ is the thickness of the plate; k is the heat conduction coefficient; α is thermal diffusion coefficient and ; T0 represents the original temperature of workpiece; K0 is the second kind Bessel function in a modified form; Pe represents the Peclet number.
Finally the energy effectively absorbed by the workpiece can be calculated by: （5） here n is the total number of the slices.
Laser-TIG hybrid welding of ultra-fine grained steel.

Before aging a dense network of dislocations is observed inside the grains.
These dislocations are arranged in cells and many grains are heavily twinned as shown in Fig. 2b.
There is no increase in the number or size of dislocation cells, as shown by the index (i).
Table 2: Characterizations of TiC nano-precipitates for each aging heat treatment   number of counted precipitates Mean spherical diameter (nm) Mean density r (m-3) Volumic fraction (%) 650°C – 100h [4] - 6 - ≈ 0.4 600°C – 500 h [11] 97 4.3 ± 1,7 4 ± 2 x 1022 - 600°C – 1000h (our measurements) 921 4.3 ± 1,6 2.1 ± 0,5 x 1022  0.095 550°C – 1000h (our measurements) 680 3.0 ± 0,9 1.7 ± 0,5 x 1022  0.030 500°C – 4775h (our measurements) 64 2.4 ± 0,5 6.3 ± 2 x 1021  0.0046 Effect of aging on tensile behaviour Figure 4 compares the engineering stress-strain curves obtained at 20°C from tensile tests on tubes that were aged for 1000 hours at 400, 500, 550 and 600°C.