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Although they can be usually deduced from tension test of bulk specimens, this is not always possible due to difficulties in producing bulk materials with compositions and structures similar to those formed in situ.
Material Longitudinal wave velocity (m/sec) Transverse wave Velocity (m/sec) Aluminum-2124 Stainless steel Pyrex glass 6425 (6420*) 5806 (5790*) 5669 (5640*) 3126 (3040*) 3065 (3100*) 3203 (3280*) *from Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 65th ed., Chemical Rubber Company Conclusions An ultrasonic method for simultaneous measurement of the longitudinal and transverse wave velocities using defocused SAM is developed and applied to three types of materials.

Studies on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polybenzoxazine Modified with Succinic Acid Sunan Tiptipakorn1,a, Piriyathorn Suwanmala2,b, and Kasinee Hemvichian2,c 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakorn Pathom, 73140 Thailand. 2Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakorn Nayok, 26120, Thailand.
The chemical structures of polybenzoxazine blended with succinic acid were determined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscope (Perkin Elmer).

Table 1 The physical parameter of ACF Species physical parameters Fiber diameter/μm Surface area /m2·g-1 Average pore /nm Thickness /mm Tensile strength /kg·mm-2 Pore volume /cm3·g-1 ACF 17-18 1400 1.38 1 8-10 0.787 Characterization of catalysts The crystal structure of TiO2 deposited on ACF was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (D/MAX 2500PC, Rigaku, Japan) using autobiography copper target at 18 KW; over the 2θ range 0.5 to 140; scan speed 0.002~100/min.
R., “Ionic liquids: industrial applications to green chemistry;” Oxford University Press: Washington, DC, 2002

Figue. 1(b) gives the typical crystal structures of the mineral nanoparticles by HRTEM. 20 30 40 50 ▼ ▼ ▼ ▲ □ ▼:Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 □:CaMg(CO3)2 ▲: KAlSiO4 2 Theta 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 520 620 720 820 PB/N Concentration% Base oil added with mineral nanopaticles Figue. 2 shows the XRD pattern of sample.
Reference [1] D.Chahavorty, A.KGiri, Chemistry for the 21st Century, Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publication, London, 1993, p.217 [2] Bharat Bhushan.

Sintering Mechanism of Fine Zirconia Powders with Alumina Added by Various Ways Koji Matsui1, a, Takanori Yamakawa2,b, Masato Uehara2,c, Naoya Enomoto2,d and Junichi Hojo2,e 1 Synthetic Chemicals Production, Tosoh Corporation, Yamaguchi 746-8501, Japan 2 Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan a k_matui@tosoh.co.jp, denomoto@cstf.kyushu-u.ac.jp, ejhojo@cstf.kyushu-u.ac.jp Keywords: Zirconia powder, Alumina addition, Sintering, Diffusion, Densification, Grain growth Abstract.
To develop a new fine zirconia powder with high quality which is excellent in forming and sintering characteristics by the hydrolysis method, it is important to analyze the relationship between the particle structure and the sintering mechanism in fine zirconia powder in detail and to clarify the sintering-control factors.

Influence of Slag and Fly Ash on the Self-healing Ability of Concrete Zonghui Zhou1, a, *, Zhiqiang Li1, b, Dongyu Xu1 and Jinghua Yu2 1Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, Engineering Center of Advanced Building Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China 2School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China amse_zhouzh@ujn.edu.cn, blzqjndx2004@163.com, *corresponding author Keywords: Fly ash, Slag, Sand ratio, Self-healing Abstract: The influence of slag and fly ash on the self-healing ability of concrete was researched by strength measurement and SEM analysis.
The structure of concrete specimens with 30% slag or 40% fly ash is dense and hydration degree is high, which is helpful for the self-healing of crack.

Steam Gasification for Biomass Tar with Natural Ores of Limonite and Dolomite Liuyun LI*, Hiroo KUNII, Masamitsu YAMAUCHI, Hee-Joon KIM and Tadaaki SHIMIZU Department of Chemistry and chemical engineering, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan * Corresponding author.
The dehydration process of goethite may produce porous hematite (α-Fe2O3), which usually has more excellent structure characterization compared to Fe2O3 reagent.

Microstructure observation shows the formation of NaY in increase of crytallize duration increased the solid formation of crystalline structure.
In-situ Synthesis of NaY Zeolite with Coal-Based Kaolin, Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 12 (2003) 63-70

Polycalixresorcinarenes as Solid Polyelectrolytes Elena Ostapovaa and Heinrich Altshulerb Institute of Coal-chemistry and Material Science, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russian Federation aostapovaev@bk.ru, baltshulerh@gmail.com Keywords: Polytetraphenylcalix[4]Resorcinrene, Sulfonated Polytetraphenylcalix[4]Resorcinarene, Polymer Phase, Electrical Conductivity, Self-Diffusion Coefficient Of Metal Cation.
It is possible because of amplification of Ba2+ interaction with phenolic OH-groups favorably grouped in cis-tetraphenylcalix[4]resorcinarene structure.

It was found that the FFS surface was the structure line-like, specifically in the mesoderm, and biocomposites of highly ordered type I collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite Ca10(OH) 2(PO4)6, which are stiff and not easy to swell like the bone.
Xu: Food Chemistry, Vol. 117(2009), p.387 [6] T.