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Furthermore, particles prepared by those methods are usually with broad size distribution and relatively large grain size, usually above 40 to 50 nanometers.
Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the support of 973 Fundamental research program from the ministry of science and technology of China through grant number 2010CB635116, Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department grant number Y201017390 and K.C.

Introduction The determination of minimum power to transport the grains or small particles in pneumatic conveying system is an important role in engineering design and operation.
For the conveying efficiency, the efficiency generally drops exponentially with the media velocity (present in terms of Renolds’ number) as show in Fig. 9.
The pattern of conveying efficiency versus media Reynolds’ number was observed and could be useful for designs and operations.

The number of pitting corrosion is decreasing on the surface of Ferrite with solid solution temperature rising,shown in the figure 5b(950℃),5c(1000℃).The pitting corrosion has disappeared essential at 1050 ℃；because the strength and capability of stainless steel are greatly improved by existence of Ferrite[5] ,the depth of interphase becomes from deep to shallow and disappear above 1050℃.When the solid temperature goes up 1200℃,the corrosive depth in Austenite is getting deep and the interphase corrosion appears again,shown in figure 5(f).Attached to table 2,the corrosion quantities are increasing at 1200℃.
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Fig.5 The corrosion microstructure of 00Cr26Ni5Mo2Cu3Re under SCAN Through solid solution treatment ,one side the carbide which had separated out during in casting is dissolved ,alloying elements redistributed and grain refinement is enhanced[4] ,so the corrosive resistance of material is improved;on the other side,from the relationship between phases content and solid solution,the content of Ferrite is increasing with the solid solution temperature rising and due to the strength and capability of stainless steel are greatly improved by existence of Ferrite,so this is why that the pitting corrosion in Ferrite and interphase corrosion reduce in degree from figure 5(a) to 5(d),and it can be proved by the corrosion rate from table 2.
The essence that stainless steel has good corrosive resistance property lies in that it has high pitting resistance.Generally PREN (pitting resistance equivalent number) is the standard to judge the corrosive resistance property,and the formula is PREN= Cr%+3.3×Mo%＋16×N%[2].It can be seen that the alloying elements of Cr and Mo are the key to material,this is why Austerity prior to Ferrite are corroded and form some deep pits.

Also we assume that diffusion and heating zones are less then plate thickness , therefore the last grain conditions we formulate for : ; ; .
Here – are a linear thermal expansion coefficients, ( – number of diffusant element, – indication of layers) – are coefficients concentration expansion in materials (they are proportional to the relation of nuclear volume of a diffusive component to the volume of all components which are present at material), temperature and concentration are follows with the solution thermal-conductivity problem; “0” index belongs to an initial time point, – Young modulus, – Poisson ratio, – Kronecker delta, – thickness of coating, – thickness of base.
Acknowledgment Work is performed with financial support within realization of the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for 2014 – 2016 years, grant number of research work is 11.815.214/K.

Table 1 Material parameters of Baixi CFRD Number φ K n Rf Kb m 1 51 1.14 0.26 0.79 611 0.09 2 49 1.21 0.28 0.76 621 0.14 3 45 1.07 0.33 0.76 425 0.03 In this study, the contact conditions between face slab and dam body, as well as face slab itself and with toe slab are simulated, by using interface element.
For the face slab with stake number 0+70.0 to 0+110.0, the tensile stress along the slope almost exceedes 2.0MPa.
M. and Xu Q., Research on increment creep model of coarse grained materials, Rock and Soil Mechanics, 32 (11)(2011) 3201-3496.

Interlayer deposited in the lateral accretion was dominated by fine-grained components.
The point bar was drilled by 12 wells and the number of interlayer was 42, 13 of them were mudstone interlayer.
When there was no production well in the flow unit, a large number of high-pressure remaining oil enriched in the upper and the middle of flow unit because the injectant came in this unit without drainage channel.

Focused Ion beam thinning(FIB) can be used to select desired mesoscale features from among large numbers of micro scale features at depths of several microns below the surface of the sample, which is applied beyond sample preparation[3] [4].
When stiffened polishing tool rotates relatively to sample, abrasive grains among stiffened zone is drive down to wipe sample’s surface.
Solution accuracy is set at 0.001 and upper limit of total iteration number is fifteen times.

Rapid grain growth and γ′′→δ transformation as a result causes a decrease in the material properties in the applications above 650oC.
Results and Discussion For the facilitation in comparison of experimental data, specimens were numbered and separated into two groups as Welded (W) and Non-Welded (NW).
Six hardness values obtained from the different samples and their specimen numbers are given in Table 2.

Table1 Sample number and description name description limestone（A10） without pre-calcination limestone（A20） pre-calcination with 900ºC limestone（A30） pre-calcination with 1000ºC limestone（A40） pre-calcination with 1100ºC limestone（A50） pre-calcination with 1200ºC cement raw material（A1） without pre-calcination cement raw material（A2） pre-calcination with 900ºC cement raw material（A3） pre-calcination with 1000ºC cement raw material（A4） pre-calcination with 1100ºC cement raw material（A5） pre-calcination with 1200ºC Table2 The chemical composition of limestone name Loss SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O SO3 A10 40.83 3.62 0.96 1.12 50.58 2.08 0.20 0.27 A20 34.34 4.02 1.06 1.25 56.12 2.31 0.22 0.30 A30 30.35 4.33 1.15 1.26 59.31 2.47 0.25 0.39 A40 27.65 4.41 1.17 1.24 61.75 2.61 0.26 0.41 A50 23.21 4.71 1.23 1.30 65.74 2.76 0.28 0.42 Sandstone - 74.22 12.84 5.07 0.62 0.76 - 0.20 Experimental Process Presinter: Limestone and raw materials around 5 gram were placed directly at 850ºC
Table 3 The raw material of different calcining temperature of limestone addition proportion (%) Sample A11 A22 A33 A44 A55 Limestone 77.33 75.45 74.48 73.63 72.41 Sandstone 22.67 24.55 25.52 26.37 27.59 Table 4 The chemical composition of raw material (%) Name Loss SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O SO3 A11 32.16 19.63 3.65 2.02 39.25 1.78 0.15 0.26 A22 26.55 21.25 3.95 2.18 42.50 1.93 0.17 0.28 A33 23.27 22.16 4.14 2.23 44.33 2.04 0.19 0.34 A44 21.05 22.82 4.25 2.25 45.63 2.12 0.19 0.35 A55 17.52 23.89 4.43 2.34 47.78 2.21 0.20 0.36 Table5 The results of different calcining clinker in test temperature Number of samples  A11  A22  A33  A44  A55 CaO content after calcination (wt %) 5.18 4.47 4.87 5.19 6.71 CaO content before calcination (wt %) 57.86 57.86 57.77 57.80 57.93 Reaction content (wt %) 52.68 53.39 52.90 52.61 51.21 Fig. 1 The reaction percentage of calcium oxide in clinker at different presenter temperature As can be seen from Table5 and Fig.1, after limestone
Temperature increasing speeds up the crystal growth, and coarse grains reduces the reaction rate, thus, during the test temperature, the activity decreases gradually.

While the use of cast components is fairly well introduced in a wide number of applications which are ranging from steering wheels, instrumental panels and even to hybrid engine blocks the use of magnesium wrought materials for production of sheet, forgings or extrusions is still limited.
This concerns a limited knowledge on the processability as well as a limited number of suitable wrought alloys.
High temperature for a long period might cause grain growth so 350°C was chosen as a compromise.