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Introduction Sensors based on smart materials and systems have gained considerable importance in structural health monitoring of civil engineering[1,2].
However, materials used in civil engineering, such as concrete, have characteristics that are different from the materials used in mechanical systems.
Journal of American Ceramic Society, 85, No.2 (2002) p. 305
Journal of Building Materials, No.2 (2002) p. 141
Materials Research Bulletin, 41, No.2 (2006) p. 291

Mashkin, The study of the properties of modified foam concrete, Building materials. 10 (2017) 36-40
Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 451 (2018)
Mashkin, D.V Dubrov, Improvement of Heat-Insulating Properties of Foam Concrete by Means of Mineral Additives, Key Engineering Materials (Basic structural materials). 771 (2018) 31-36
Shakhova, Study of the hydration products of composite materials, Proceedings of universities, Building. 5 (2010) 16-21
Usherov-Marshak, Additives in concrete: progress and problems, Building materials. 10 (2006) 8.

Materials Science and Engineering A. 2007; 444: 242-250
Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2002; 129: 139-142
Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2010; 210:642-652
Fundamentals of materials science [M].
Materials Science and Engineering A. 2008; 331(C):708- 712

The material of the first sample is cross-linked polyethylene, and the material of the second sample is low-smoke non-halogen cross-linked polyolefin.
In our test the material’s end-of-life point is set at 50% of the original elongation at break values.
The materials in our test are cross-linked polyethylene and low-smoke non-halogen cross-linked polyolefin.
Determine the end-of-life time of the material.
Reference [1].R.Z.Aminov, A.E.Borisenkov and N.A.Oleinik, Atomic Energy, Vol.94, Number, Number 4, (2003), p.278 [2].A.A.Potapov,V.M.Panin and S.G.Ukharov,Atomic Energy,Vol.100,(2006), p.302 [3].Li Zang, China Safety Science Journal Vol.02(2000), p.16,In Chinese [4].Tie-jun Wang, Naval University of Engineering Journal Vol.01(2000), p.15, In Chinese [5].Zhong-qi Yu, Tianjing Business School Journal Vol.03(2002), p.d32, In Chinese [6].Hun-Jiang wang, “Wire and cable Manual A”, Mechanical Industry Press, 2001, In Chinese

Ltd, Japan for supporting the research effort through materials and finance with grant no. 9008-00003.
Shalaby: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.550 (2012), p.112-117
Chen: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.545 (2012), p.194– 200
Liu: Journal of Electronic Materials, Vol.37 (2008), p. 874-879
Shi: Journal of Electronic Material, Vol.34 (2005), p. 1357-1362

Experimental The raw materials are as follows: TeO2 and LaF3 are high-purity reagents, ZnO, ZnCl2, ZnF2 and AlF3 are analytical reagents.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 475 (2009) 569-576
Rare Earth Metal Materials & Engineering 37 (2008) 529-532
Journal of Materials Science & Engineering 22 (2004) 827-830
Journal of Functional Materials 41 (2010) 382-389.

The acoustic non-destructive methods are concerned with the state-of-the-art situation in the field of experimental studies of the physical properties of engineering materials.
The AE phenomenon occurs in materials where parts of the accumulated elastic energy can be released due to dynamic processes that can be caused by external or internal forces [3,4].
Results The basic approach to classifying cracks in materials or structures uses the division of cracks into tensile and shear ones.
[6] JCMS-III B5706 – Monitoring Method for Active Cracks in Concrete by Acoustic Emission, Federation of Construction Materials Industries, Japan, 2003
Shiotani, Evaluation of repair effect for deteriorated concrete piers of intake dam using AE activity, In Advanced Materials Research 13 (2006) 175-180.

Materials and experimental methods 1.1.
Materials and apparatus The lignite sample was obtained from a coal chemical plant in Shanxi province，china.
Acknowledgements Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.: U0837602) and the Natural Science Foundation in Yunnan province of China (No.: 2011FB026) were sincerely acknowledged.
References [1] Li Zhong jin, Li Mingjie, Wang Haifeng: submitted to journal of Chemical Research Vol.20 (2009), p.103-107 (in Chinese) [2] Zhang Xuecai, Zhang Dexiang: submitted to journal of Journal of Chinese coal Vol.26 (2000), p.13- 18 (in Chinese) [3] Zhengyong Zhang, Jinhui Peng, C.
Menéndez: submitted to Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol.176 (2010) ,p.1113-1117

The short lifetime τ1 mainly reflects the characteristics of free-state annihilation for the perfect crystal lattice, which gives the electron density and structural details in the materials.
Hofsttter, P.Supancic, R.Danzer, C.Teichert, “Micro four-point probe investigation of individual ZnO grain boundaries in a varistor ceramic”, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2014; 34: 1963-1970
Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2013, 33 (2), 335-344
[7] S.A.Pianaro,P.R.Bueno,E.Longo,andJ.A.Verala,“A new SnO2-based varistor system,” Journal of Materials Science Letters, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 692–694, 1995
Rare Metal Materials and Engineering 2006, 35 (3), 348-51

,,and are caused by different errors such as the soft magnetic materials, the hall element is not installed vertically, the sensitivity, circuit magnification is different .etc; In addition, and are caused by hard magnetic materials and zero circuit.
[2] D.X.CHEN, M.C.PAN and F.L.LUO: Chinese Journal of Sensor and Actuators, Vol.19 (2006) No.3, p.643 (In Chinese)
[4] D.G.LV, T.C.LI and G.J.YANG: Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, Vol.27 (2006) No.6, p.1347 (In Chinese)
[5] S.H.HAO, Y.LIU and C.J.ZHOU: Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Vol.29 (2005) No.144, p.227 (In Chinese)
[6] S.B.LIU, X.Y.FENG and H.LI: Journal of Transducer Technology, Vol.21 (2002) No.10, p.29 (In Chinese)