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Online since: September 2013
Authors: Thomas Schrentewein
Fig. 4 – Digital volumetric model
All samples were visually graded immediately after the production according to the standards DIN 4074-1 [6] and UNI 11035 part 1 and 2 [7].
The grade criterion wane was not applied, because most material would otherwise have been classified at best in grade class S7 using DIN 4074-1.
From a total of four samples of spruce (114 UT, 98 UF) 70% of UT and 79% of UF corresponded of the grade class S13 using DIN 4074-1.
Table 1 – Gross density of spruce UT/UF and larch UF Spruce Larch UT (A) UT (I) Total UF (A) UF (D) Total UF (I) UF (D) UF (A) UF (CH) Total n. 50 63 113 47 47 94 49 55 48 45 197 um [%] 13.5 12.1 19.2 16.5 16.8 18.8 17.2 16.4 ρ05 [kg/m3] 379 350 363 396 358 377 490 459 497 470 479 ρmean [kg/m3] 440 411 423 469 434 452 568 546 592 562 566 Bending strength The determination of the bending strength along the grain was carried out according to EN 408.
If these are compared with the other two approximate models, we find there are divergences of about 1%.
The grade criterion wane was not applied, because most material would otherwise have been classified at best in grade class S7 using DIN 4074-1.
From a total of four samples of spruce (114 UT, 98 UF) 70% of UT and 79% of UF corresponded of the grade class S13 using DIN 4074-1.
Table 1 – Gross density of spruce UT/UF and larch UF Spruce Larch UT (A) UT (I) Total UF (A) UF (D) Total UF (I) UF (D) UF (A) UF (CH) Total n. 50 63 113 47 47 94 49 55 48 45 197 um [%] 13.5 12.1 19.2 16.5 16.8 18.8 17.2 16.4 ρ05 [kg/m3] 379 350 363 396 358 377 490 459 497 470 479 ρmean [kg/m3] 440 411 423 469 434 452 568 546 592 562 566 Bending strength The determination of the bending strength along the grain was carried out according to EN 408.
If these are compared with the other two approximate models, we find there are divergences of about 1%.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: De Ming Lei, Xiao Qiang Xu
Since Agnetic et al.[1] and Bake and Smith [2] first introduce the scheduling problem with multiple agents.
Algorithm description The detailed procedure of PILS is shown as follows. 1.
The computational results and average times of three algorithms are shown in Tables 1-4 and 5.
We see from Tables 1-4 that PILS algorithm outperforms PAILS in terms of solution quality on all instances.
We also can concluded from Tables 1-4 thatof NSGA2 is always smaller than that of PILS and the solutions inare far from the Pareto front.
Algorithm description The detailed procedure of PILS is shown as follows. 1.
The computational results and average times of three algorithms are shown in Tables 1-4 and 5.
We see from Tables 1-4 that PILS algorithm outperforms PAILS in terms of solution quality on all instances.
We also can concluded from Tables 1-4 thatof NSGA2 is always smaller than that of PILS and the solutions inare far from the Pareto front.
Online since: April 2015
Authors: Stephen Musyoki, Filbert O. Ombongi, Philip L. Kibet
The equation for QPSK from is given as [4];
sQPSKt=Escos[i-1π2∅1(t)-Essin(i-1)π2)∅2(t)] i=1,2,3,4 (4)
where ∅1t=2Tscos2πfct and ∅2t=2Tssin2πfct (5)
The bit error probability for M-PSK modulation over an AWGN channel can be expressed as;
pb=1mmEbNosin(πM) , =2m , m=2,3,4
References x [1] Keiji Tachikwa, WCDMA Mobile Communication Systems.: Wiley Publications, 2002
S Kang and Vishal Sharma, "Analysis of Simulation Parameters of Pulse Shaping FIR Filter for WCDMA," International Journal of Advancements in Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 117-130, June 2010
Arora and Rijhun Tripathi Ruchi Giri, "Performance Analysis of Different Channels of WCDMA uisng Different Modulation Techniques," International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, March 2012
Renu, "Bayesian Demodulation Algorithm for GPRS Network ," in International Conference ICSCI2009, Pentagram Research, Hyderabad, Jan 2009, pp. 477-479
References x [1] Keiji Tachikwa, WCDMA Mobile Communication Systems.: Wiley Publications, 2002
S Kang and Vishal Sharma, "Analysis of Simulation Parameters of Pulse Shaping FIR Filter for WCDMA," International Journal of Advancements in Technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 117-130, June 2010
Arora and Rijhun Tripathi Ruchi Giri, "Performance Analysis of Different Channels of WCDMA uisng Different Modulation Techniques," International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, March 2012
Renu, "Bayesian Demodulation Algorithm for GPRS Network ," in International Conference ICSCI2009, Pentagram Research, Hyderabad, Jan 2009, pp. 477-479
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Chen An, Ji Hua Wang, Zhou Yi
Weathered Characteristics of Silty Mudstone in Hunan Province, China
Ji-hua Wang1, a Chen An2, b Zhou Yi3, c
1.YunNan electric power design institute, KunMing 650051, China.
2.
Table 1.
The mineral composition of weathered silty mudstone mineral composition (%) weathered degree quartz illite kaolinite montmorillonite tourmaline limonite rutile and leucoxene zircon feldspar mica completely weathered 33.8-38.7 26.3-29.7 12.1-14.6 11.8-12.9 1.4-1.8 1.8-2.2 1.9-2.0 1.3-1.4 2.0-2.2 1.6-1.7 strongly weathered 40.4-45.5 22.6-25.1 10.2-11.8 9.1-10.7 1.0-1.3 1.4-1.7 1.7-1.8 1.1-1.2 1.8-1.9 1.3-1.4 weakly weathered 49.3-52.9 18.8-21.4 8.4-9.8 7.9-8.8 <1 1.2-1.4 1.3-1.5 <1 1.6-1.7 <1 lightly weathered 54.4-58.6 15.6-18.2 6.6-8.1 6.3-7.8 <1 <1 1.1-1.3 <1 1.3-1.5 <1 Chemical composition The chemical composition changes of weathered silty mudstone are closely relate to metal ion activity of rock (table 2): with increasing of weathering, weak activity chemical composition such as Fe2O3, Al2O3 and organic matter increase, for example, the content increasing ratio of Fe2O3 is 52% and the content increasing ratio of Al2O3 is 44%; Strong activity chemical composition such as Na2O, K2O
References [1] Wu Qi-hong, Peng Zhen-bin, Chen An, Zhou Yi.
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering. 2006,2(1):141~144(in Chinese) [9]Deng Tao, Zhan Jin-wu Huang Ming, Fan Fu-tong.
Table 1.
The mineral composition of weathered silty mudstone mineral composition (%) weathered degree quartz illite kaolinite montmorillonite tourmaline limonite rutile and leucoxene zircon feldspar mica completely weathered 33.8-38.7 26.3-29.7 12.1-14.6 11.8-12.9 1.4-1.8 1.8-2.2 1.9-2.0 1.3-1.4 2.0-2.2 1.6-1.7 strongly weathered 40.4-45.5 22.6-25.1 10.2-11.8 9.1-10.7 1.0-1.3 1.4-1.7 1.7-1.8 1.1-1.2 1.8-1.9 1.3-1.4 weakly weathered 49.3-52.9 18.8-21.4 8.4-9.8 7.9-8.8 <1 1.2-1.4 1.3-1.5 <1 1.6-1.7 <1 lightly weathered 54.4-58.6 15.6-18.2 6.6-8.1 6.3-7.8 <1 <1 1.1-1.3 <1 1.3-1.5 <1 Chemical composition The chemical composition changes of weathered silty mudstone are closely relate to metal ion activity of rock (table 2): with increasing of weathering, weak activity chemical composition such as Fe2O3, Al2O3 and organic matter increase, for example, the content increasing ratio of Fe2O3 is 52% and the content increasing ratio of Al2O3 is 44%; Strong activity chemical composition such as Na2O, K2O
References [1] Wu Qi-hong, Peng Zhen-bin, Chen An, Zhou Yi.
Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering. 2006,2(1):141~144(in Chinese) [9]Deng Tao, Zhan Jin-wu Huang Ming, Fan Fu-tong.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zhi Yuan Yan, Wei Chen, Wen Bin Wang, Zhi Kai Zhao
From Eq. (1) and Eq.(2), there are six parameters needed to be optimized in NCS based on IMC, namely,,, ,,and.
and are random numbers uniformly distributed in the interval [0,1]. and are the acceleration constants ,usually .
References [1] Garcia C E, Morari M.
Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007: 479-485
IEEE, 2012: 1-6.
and are random numbers uniformly distributed in the interval [0,1]. and are the acceleration constants ,usually .
References [1] Garcia C E, Morari M.
Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007: 479-485
IEEE, 2012: 1-6.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Ya Feng He, You Ming Wang
Three basic forms of K-H gear trains are showed as Fig. 1 (planetary bevel gear trains will be not discussed in the paper).
(4) Example As Fig.6 shown, micro graphs (2), (4) are the micro transformed graphs of graphs (1), (3).
Through the isomorphism determination on graphs .2, (4), the result of isomorphism determination on graphs (1), (3) can be obtained.
References [1] P.W.
Des. 122(2000)479-483
(4) Example As Fig.6 shown, micro graphs (2), (4) are the micro transformed graphs of graphs (1), (3).
Through the isomorphism determination on graphs .2, (4), the result of isomorphism determination on graphs (1), (3) can be obtained.
References [1] P.W.
Des. 122(2000)479-483
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Chao Yin Nie, Xiao Dong Liu, Yan Zhong Nie, Yang Zhao, Wen Zhu, Yi Dong Jin
The nano hardness and modulus of differently treated DLC films are shown in table 1.
References [1]Lin C R,Wei D H and Chang C K: Physics Procedia, Vol.18 (2011): p.46
[7]Bensely A,Venkatesh S and Mohan Lal D: Materials Science and Engineering: A , Vol.479 (2008): p.229
[11]Leyland A and Matthews A: Wear, Vol.246 (2000) No.1-2, p.1
[12]Wenjun Chou and Geping Yu: Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol.168 (2003) No.1, p.43
References [1]Lin C R,Wei D H and Chang C K: Physics Procedia, Vol.18 (2011): p.46
[7]Bensely A,Venkatesh S and Mohan Lal D: Materials Science and Engineering: A , Vol.479 (2008): p.229
[11]Leyland A and Matthews A: Wear, Vol.246 (2000) No.1-2, p.1
[12]Wenjun Chou and Geping Yu: Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol.168 (2003) No.1, p.43
Online since: July 2020
Authors: Zhuang Li, Qi Zhou, Hao Xu Wang, Xi Jun Cui, Yi Qin Cai, Wen Hao Cai, Li Zhang
The chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
The size of the polygonal ferrite in the microstructure of Fig. 1 (a) was about 13-16 μm, and the grain size of the ferrite in Fig.1 (b) was relatively reduced, and the size was about 5-9 μm.
In Fig.1 (b), there were many fine white MA islands, which were evenly distributed in the microstructure.
References [1] F.
A 725 (2018) 479-487.
The size of the polygonal ferrite in the microstructure of Fig. 1 (a) was about 13-16 μm, and the grain size of the ferrite in Fig.1 (b) was relatively reduced, and the size was about 5-9 μm.
In Fig.1 (b), there were many fine white MA islands, which were evenly distributed in the microstructure.
References [1] F.
A 725 (2018) 479-487.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Weerapol Namboonruang, Rattanakorn Rawangkul, Wanchai Yodsudjai
(a) (b)
Figure. 1.
The maximum thermal conductivity value of local soil cement bricks is 2.0553 W.m-1.K-1 at W/P of 0.1650, cement content of 8 percentages (RCM8 on 28 days cured, unit weight is 2,298.18 Kg.m-3) and the minimum value is 1.2963 W.m-1.K-1 at W/P of 0.4463, 50 percentages of cement content (RCM50, on 180 days cured, unit weight is 1,953.90 Kg.m-3) in fig. 4.
The maximum thermal conductivity is 1.1901 W.m-1.K-1 at w/p of 0.1650, 5 percentages of cement content and 3 percentages of fly ash (KBFA5+3, on 28 days cured) and the minimum is 0.5283 W.m-1.K-1 at w/p of 0.4463, 5 percentages of cement content, 45 percentages of fly ash (KBFA5+45, on 180 days cured, unit weight was 1,558.45 Kg.m-3).
References [1] Sunil Kumar.
,Vols. 261-263(2011) pp. 469-479, Trans Tech Publications, ttp, Switzerland, 2011 [17] Lingling X, Wei G, Tao W, Nanru Y.
The maximum thermal conductivity value of local soil cement bricks is 2.0553 W.m-1.K-1 at W/P of 0.1650, cement content of 8 percentages (RCM8 on 28 days cured, unit weight is 2,298.18 Kg.m-3) and the minimum value is 1.2963 W.m-1.K-1 at W/P of 0.4463, 50 percentages of cement content (RCM50, on 180 days cured, unit weight is 1,953.90 Kg.m-3) in fig. 4.
The maximum thermal conductivity is 1.1901 W.m-1.K-1 at w/p of 0.1650, 5 percentages of cement content and 3 percentages of fly ash (KBFA5+3, on 28 days cured) and the minimum is 0.5283 W.m-1.K-1 at w/p of 0.4463, 5 percentages of cement content, 45 percentages of fly ash (KBFA5+45, on 180 days cured, unit weight was 1,558.45 Kg.m-3).
References [1] Sunil Kumar.
,Vols. 261-263(2011) pp. 469-479, Trans Tech Publications, ttp, Switzerland, 2011 [17] Lingling X, Wei G, Tao W, Nanru Y.
Online since: January 2009
Authors: Jing Feng Wang, Pei Dao Ding, Shan Gao, Fu Sheng Pan, Aitao Tang
Over all, ternary
Mg0.8Al0.1Ni alloy showed the best synthesis properties.
1.
According to the alloying components designed, MgNi alloy were mixed by powders of Mg and Ni of 1:1, Then adding the Al into it by content of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 .
Fig. 1 showed the XRD patterns of the MgNi alloys which were ball milled 15h.
References [1] A.
Gebert, et al: Alloys and Compounds Vol 479-486(2008), p. 458
According to the alloying components designed, MgNi alloy were mixed by powders of Mg and Ni of 1:1, Then adding the Al into it by content of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 .
Fig. 1 showed the XRD patterns of the MgNi alloys which were ball milled 15h.
References [1] A.
Gebert, et al: Alloys and Compounds Vol 479-486(2008), p. 458