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Several standard types of toughness test that generate data for specific loading conditions and/or component design approaches exist.
Reduction of width was made in the middle of the tensile specimens in the length of 35 mm, Fig. 3a.

We present here a comparison of the three mentioned methods according to our observed data of the coating time, uniformity of the coating surface and capability of coating thick layers for a high viscosity SU-8 2075 that is employed in fabrication of microfluidics micro-structures.
Lin, Reduction of diffraction effect of UV exposure on SU-8 negative thick photoresist by air gap elimination, Microsystem Technologies, 8 (2002) 308-313

In the present paper, thermodynamic and kinetic simulations were carried out and correlated to these data, especially in terms of Si effect on M3C carbide precipitation.
A particularly successful modification proved to be the reduction of Si content from the usual 1.0 %Si to 0.3 %Si [2-4].
The carbon profile shows a strong dependency of the silicon contents at the interface, being the diffusion faster with the reduction of Si concentration at the interface.

Conclusions of this work were that accurate tribological data were essential to guarantee the reliability of software results and that measuring and identifying friction data occurring during a cold metal forming process was a research activity in itself [1].
Step 1 is related to the data acquisition of the main mechanical and physical parameters to be simulated on the friction test.
Other data, such as lubricant film thickness, presence of oxide scale and forming load can also be acquired.
Material data were coupled with Lemaitre’s damage criterion in order to predict the wrenching phenomena of the zinc coating.
The reliability of the finite element computation relies on its input data.

The combined simulation and experimental analysis provide a framework for optimizing the laser welding process, enabling the reduction of costly experimental trials by simulating different parameter ranges.
Using the temperature data from the laser welding process temperature probes, the values for temperature probes were input into the model as illustrated (Fig. 5), and a series of simulations were subsequently performed with finite element meshes of varying element sizes.
As expected, the accuracy of the temperature distribution increased with the reduction of finite element sizes and adjustments to the parameters describing the properties of the analyzed material.

Then the driving speed over roads and the driving tortures of climbing stairs, which are essential data to design the powers of the driving motors, are calculated and analyzed.
When the climbing-stair motor works, the chain wheel will decrease considerably the transmission speed from the motor, which ratio of reduction is 1:4.

For combustion pressure, the CH4 chemical composition of the LFG was lowered, which led to the combustion delay and the reduction of combustion pressure Introduction Nowadays, SI engines are used in many areas, including transport, power generation, and industrial sectors.
Therefore, the purpose of this study is to obtain basic research data for increasing the usability of LFG by identifying the combustion characteristics for each LFG chemical composition ratio.
Combustion pressure was measured by the pressure sensor installed in the static combustion chamber and used as experimental data for the research.
The data showed that the maximum combustion pressure results were similar in methane 100%, LFG70, and LFG60.
Lee, A study on predicting NOx reduction due to water injection, The Korean Society Of Automotive Engineers. (2018) 249-250

The average data of each test is used to produce the load-displacement graphs of the specimens, from which stress-strain curves are extracted to show the behaviour of epoxy polymer.
The average data was used to draw the load-displacement diagrams and subsequently the stress-strain curves were extracted to show the total behaviour of epoxy polymer.
The mixing ratio of resin and hardener are selected according to the data sheet from the supplier.
The stress reduction at fracture (Fig. 4) can be explained from observation of the cracks.

Communication connecting layer mainly executes the interface data interaction with external systems.The interface systems include customer service system, interactive platform, monitoring system on smart house, electric data collection system, electric vehicle charging system, distribution automatic system.
Upgoing data is firstly uploaded from device layer to communication connecting layer.Various communication machine in communication connecting layer gather and transfer the receiving data.Then communication connecting layer transmits the data that have been transformed into standard model to host information layer.Host information layer builds a unified information model to achieve data’s consistency interpretation and storage.Downward data with unified data format is sent from host information layer to communication connecting layer.Communication connecting layer interprets by data format and then send commands to device layer.When the machines receive the commands,they executes the commands immediately.
Fig.2 Physical structure diagram The database server is mainly used to store related electric key data of intelligent community.The app database needs to calculate all kinds of data,do statistics and command control.Interface server has the duty to exchange interface data with external systems and send commands.Web server displays the electric data of intelligent community in server pages.Workstatison A is set for managing and maintaining,and workstation B is set for monitoring.
(3) data service layer.Data service layer mainly handles various data that function rendering layer needs to display.By collecting data from external systems,it executes calculation.statistics and alarm processing.It builds accurate authority and system management based on the analysis on the functions of power management platform.
(4) function rendering layer.Function rendering layer uses the data provided by data service layer to achieve all kinds of functions of ICPMP.This layer is a window that faces the managers and the users.It provides the functions including electric data monitoring, electric data management, release of electric data, DSM management, electric vehicle monitoring, smart house monitoring,interactive service, distribution monitoring.In this layer,the manager monitors the power running status of intelligent community and the users get their power comsuption messages,manage the electric vehicle charging and control start/stop of the electrical machines.

The paper discusses strategies for obtaining the lowest cost grain refiner addition and provides an explanation for how the refinement of equiaxed grains leads to a reduction in hot tear susceptibility.
Introduction Optimisation of grain refinement and reduction of hot tear susceptibility of alloys are key factors that need to be considered in the production of metal castings, whether they be continuous cast billet, ingot or shape castings.
However, if the grain morphology is spherical then a reduction in grain size may in fact increase the hot tear susceptibility of an alloy.
Data is courtesy of Dr.