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Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Dielectric Elastomer Unimorph Cantilever Fan Liu1, a, Ling Zhang*1,b, Jinxiong Zhou1,c, Na Ni1,d, Yin Wang1,e 1State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures and School of Aerospace, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China a kinter616@163.com, b zhangl@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, c jxzhouxx@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, dkoreawind@gmail.com, e nina1987910@163.com Keywords: Dielectric elastomer; Unimorph; Voltage; Tip-deflection; Polycarbonate Abstract.
Besides, the bending and tip-deflection are still common used properties in many unimorph applications, and they also seriously affect the performance and reliability.
The material properties and geometry parameters for active layer are such that =8.85e-12 F/m, =3.63, =45e3Pa, =1.35e5Pa, =0.05m and 0.75m, =0.01m, =0.5e-3m.
And the properties for polycarbonate layer [8] is =2.41e9Pa, =0.05m and 0.75m, =0.01m, =0.2e-3m
And the relative errors between experimental and theoretical values mainly come from the following factors: the gravity of unimorph, the thickness of the electrode, the blank area around electrodes and the error induced by the signal generator and amplifier.

The low density, high stiffness, good corrosion resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and high temperature properties of ceramics are very desirable for their use as rolling elements.
In order to evaluate the RCF properties of ceramic balls the contact stress is studied by many scholars.
A newly developed pure rolling fatigue test rig with three contact points is used to test the rolling contact fatigue properties of silicon nitride ceramic balls.
It rotated avoiding slide causing by geometrical factor.
Chen: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 20 (2007) No. 2, pp. 47-51

The Udimet® 720 has replaced the Inconel 718 due to its higher mechanical properties at high temperatures and other advantages in terms of corrosion resistance.
However, their properties, the tool life and anomalies which may occur during the machining, make the Nickel base superalloys “difficult-to-cut” [1].
The choice of cutting parameters (cutting speed, feedrate, percentage of emulsion in cutting fluid, etc), the low thermal conductivity which characterize these materials, the chemical affinity for tool materials, the tool geometry and the coating type are essential factors on the tool life.
These bars have the same heat treatments as the discs (solution Heat Treatment and aged) in order to obtain the nearest routine mechanical properties to the original discs (same microstructure, same grain size ≥ 8 (ASTM) and same Hardness HV ≥ 410 HV30).
Generally, the frequencies evolve due to different factors, such as stiffness, wear and contact nature between the tool and workpiece.

Introduction Compared with the noble-metal-based metallic glasses, Cu-based bulk metallic glasses have excellent properties such as high glass forming ability, good mechanical properties and relatively low cost.
Since the successive development of Cu-based bulk metallic glasses by Inoue [1], Johnson and others in the late 90s, much effort [2~4] has been devoted to study the alloy systems, properties and engineering applications of Cu-based bulk metallic glasses.
The ultimate aim of amorphous alloys research is to develop the bulk metallic glasses with high glass forming ability and useful engineering properties.
The alloying elements significantly affected the thermal physical parameters of Cu-based metallic glasses such as crystallization temperatures, glass transition temperatures and liquidus temperatures, which further influenced glass forming ability, thermal stability, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of metallic glasses [5, 6].
It is well known that bulk glassy alloys with high GFA and large supercooled liquid region usually obey the following three factors [7]: (1) multi-component system consisting of more than three elements, (2) significant atomic size mismatches above about 12% among the three main elements and (3) negative heats of mixing among their elements.

One of the most important factors is the reaction temperature.
All of them agreed that during the mixing phase the essential part of ammonium is released so the mechanical properties of the final product remained unaffected.
AAC is a lightweight material with remarkable properties such as fire resistance, thermal and sound insulation and very good structural performance.
The final part of the manufacturing process is the hydrothermal treatment of the prepared green bodies, where the material gains its final properties.
Dilmore and Neufeld [16] examined the influence of the contaminated fly ash to mechanical properties and were concerned about the environmental impact of produced AAC.

Solvothermal Synthesis, Photocatalytic and Electrochemical Properties of Flower-Like TiO2 with Hierarchical Structures Shanghua Tana, Gongqin Yanb*, Zhaojin Luanc, Dongyan Yud, Junhua Luoe School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545616, Guangxi, P.R.
A large number of studies have shown that the properties of titanium dioxide are affected by its morphology, structure and size.
The catalytic and electrochemical properties of the hierarchical structures were studied.
In general, the reduction/oxidation peak is correlated with electrochemical activity, but the change in the peak depends on many factors, such as the electrical conductivity or the polarization of materials [20].
Tang, et al, Synthesis and properties of TiO2 hollow microspheres, J.

These investigations have highlighted the complex factors influencing dross behaviours and underscored the need for tailored solutions.
The distinctive properties of boric acid offer a novel solution for inhibiting oxidation and promoting cleaner melting processes, which is particularly crucial for handling twitch scrap.
By harnessing the antioxidative properties of boric acid, the objective was to create a protective layer on the surface of the molten aluminium, thus minimizing oxidation and dross formation.
The antioxidative properties of boric acid formed a protective layer, significantly decreasing oxidation. 
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing,(2003).Available from: 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00615-4 [16] Tibor, Kulcsar., Tamas, Kekesi.

In this process, the complex flow and densification processes of sintered material are both significantly influenced by many factors such as strain, strain rate, and forming temperature and should be clarified and precisely controlled [4-6].
In addition, the deformation temperature and strain rate also strongly affect the flow behaviours of the sintered steel.
Ilia, The effect of copper precipitation on mechanical properties at operating temperature of the materials used to manufacture powder forged connecting rods, The 2014 Powder Metallurgy World Congress & Exhibition, Orlando, United States, 2014, May, 18-22
Danilenko, Effect of fine structure on mechanical properties of hot-forged powder steels, Powder Metall.
Varol, Investigation of fatigue properties of shot peened and plasma nitrocarburized P/M FC0205 steel, J.

There are many popular cutting tool edge preparation process method, According to the principle can be divided into mechanical vibration, nylon brush friction, chemical reaction, electrolytic strengthening, abrasive grinding, etc.
However, when using the conventional electrolytic polishing equipment to strengthen the cutting edge, need to choose electrolytic parameters according to experience, but there are so many parameters affecting the quality of electrolytic polishing and the instability of the electrolytic environment, the actual process is not easy to obtain a stably electrolytic effect.
This experiment is a single factor experiment because electricity consumption is the only experiment variable, so each group tests for three times and then averages its results after measuring their radius of cutting edge.
Reference [1] YAN Xianguo, Electrolytic Strengthening Technology of Cutting Edge of High-speed Steel Taps , J.Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 45 (2009) 203-207
Experimental Research on Cutting Property of High-Speed Steel Tap with Electrolytic Strengthening, J.

Besides, various potential therapeutic agents, such as drugs [4], cells [5], and growth factors [6], could be incorporated by simple pre-mixing.
Which means the ultimately formed ODex/MGel hydrogel was dominated by elastic properties and limited energy can be stored by viscous deformation.
This fact demonstrated that the ultimately formed semi-IPNs hydrogels shows both elastic properties and considerable viscous properties.
The swelling characteristics of hydrogel networks are important in various applications as it affect solute diffusion, surface properties, and mechanical properties.
Fig.3 Swelling properties of ODex/MGel hydrogels and semi-IPNs hydrogels Adhesive and spread of MC3T3-E1 cells on hydrogels.