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Paulo Davim, Optimization of Surface Roughness in Micromilling, Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 25(2010) 1115-1119
Yang, A study on roughness of the micro-end-milled surface produced by a miniatured machine tool, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 162-163 (2005) 702-708
[6] Ki Yong Lee, Myeong Chang Kang, Yung Ho Jeong, Simulation of surface roughness and profile in high-speed end milling, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 113( 2001) 410-415
Lartigue, Surface topography in ball end milling process: Description of a 3D surface roughness parameter, Journal of materials processing technology.195(2008) 135-143
[11] Fangyu Peng, Zhenglong Fang, Jing Wu, Rong Yan, Simulation of surface topography based on points cloud in ultraprecision milling, Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(2012 ).

Phase formation of materials depends on annealing temperature of materials.
INTRODUCTION Materials of unique sizes, structures and morphology are expected to find various novel applications.
The discoveries of novel materials at the micro and nano-scale as well as the development of new experimental and theoretical techniques for research provide good opportunities for the development of nanosystems and nanostructured materials [1].
The heat treatments on the doped precursor materials are carefully optimized in order to obtain the difficult σ phase of the substitutionally doped Al1.9Zn0.1O3 materials.
Duclos: Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol. 25 (2005), p. 857–862 [10]W.

Synthesis of SiO2 hierarchical nanostructure on carbon nanowire Yanhong Ding1, a, Yuanhong Tang 2,b and Yang Yang 1,c 1 College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 2 College of Material Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China adyh2004@126.com, byhtang2000@163.com, cyangyang@mail.csu.edu.en Keywords: C @ SiO2/ SiO2, hierarchical structure, growth mechanism Abstract: A novel SiO2 hierarchical nanostructure standing on carbon nanowires is synthesized by using the hydrothermal method without any metallic catalysts.
The new core-shell nanostructures, in which the cores and the shell consist of different materials, may display potential application in multifunctional nanoelectronics, nano-optics, catalyst supports and sensors, and can enhance the overall properties.
Such as SiO2@Fe3O4[3], CaCO3@SiO2[4], CdS@SiO2[5], SiO2@Au[6], Eu3+@SiO2[7], SiO2@polymer[8], Carbon nanowires are expected for the production of nano-electronic devices, nano-biochemical devices, nano-composite materials and absorbing materials due to its excellent mechanical and electrical properties.
Experimental details Silicon monoxide powder（ purity: 99.99%, particle size: ~90nm）and carbon nanowires are used as the starting materials，GCF-1L reaction kettle is the major experimental facility.
Vol.54 (2003), p. 331 [3] M.Y.Lou, P.D.Wang, W.C.Huang, et al: Journal of the Chinese ceramic society, In Chinese, Vol.34 (2006), p.277 [4] R.J.Liu, H.K.Zou, F.Guo, et al: Chinese Journal of materials research, In Chinese, Vol.15 (2001), p.61 [5] H.M.Kuang，Z.X.Deng, et al: Acta physico-chimica sinica, In Chinese, Vol.18 (2002), p.477 [6] Y.H.Hu, J.H.Rong, Y.L.Liu, et al: Chinese Journal of inorganic chemistry, In Chinese, Vol.21(2005), p.1673 [7] Y.Wua, Y.S.Wang, D.W.He, et al: Journal of Luminescence, In Chinese, Vol.130(2010), p.1671 [8] Y.Wang, Y.C.Ke , J.Z.Li, et al: China Particuology, In Chinese, Vol.5 (2007), p.300 [9] C.H.Ye, L.D.Zhang, X.S.Fang, et al: Adv.

It is well known that the structures of the solid materials stem from the liquid.
While how to establish the structural relationship has been a challenge in material science and condensed matter physics.
In order to optimize the performances of materials, the microstructures gradually became under control.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2017, 443, 216-221
Materials Science and Engineering: A 2002, 324, (1), 62-67

However, the optimal design simply based on the minimum of entropy generation rate often results in a larger size of heat sink and a waste of materials [7].
The thermal conductivity of the fin material is k.
Luo, Structural optimization of a microjet based cooling system for high power LEDs, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, vol. 27, pp. 1086-1095, 2008
Saedodin, Entropy generation minimization of pin fin heat sinks by means of mataheuristic methods, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 6(7), pp. 4886-4893, 2013
Vecchi, Optimization by simulated annealing, Science, vol. 220, no. 4598, pp. 671-680, 1983.

Gas – nitrogen; cathode material – molybdenum.
The substrate material was WC-8%Co hard alloy and 40Ch (5135) steel much used as tool and structural materials.
Acknowledgments The work was supported by the grant of Russian Science Foundation (project No. 14-29-00091).
References [1] Handbook of Vacuum Arc Science and Technology.
Shugurov, Automated vacuum ion-plasma installation, Russian Physics Journal [Izvestiya Vuzov.

Introduction In modern mechanical processing industry, with the development of science and technology and the market demand for diversified parts, as a branch of the equipment manufacturing industry, the deep hole processing is facing challenges with variety, small batch, difficult processing materials, and higher accuracy requirement[1-2].With the gun drill processing, the straightness can not guarantee, the center line deviation began a sharp change, Finally it is easy to appear the workpiece scrapped or bit breakage.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (51175482), International cooperation in science and technology project of Shanxi Province (2012081030), international cooperation Foundation in science and technology of China (2013DFA70770).
References [1] A.Katsuki,H.Onikura,H.K.Sakuma,T.Chen,Y.Murakami.The influence of workpiece geometry on axial hole deviation in deep-hole drilling.JSME International Journal,2012,35:160-167 [2] J.Frazao,S.Chandrashekhar,M.O.M.Osman,T.S.Sankar.On the design and development of a new BTA tool to increase productivity and workpiece accuracy in deep-hole machining.The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2009,4:3-23 [3] Chyn-Shu Deng,Jen-Chen Huang,Jih-Hua Chin.Effects of support misalignments in deep-hole drill shafts on hole straightness.International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2011,41:1165-1188 [4] CHIN J H,SHEU S D.Strengths and weaknesses of finite element modeling deep hole drilling as compared with beam and column equations.
International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2007,32:229-237 [5] A.Katsuki,K.Sakuma,K.Taguchi,H.Onikura,H.Akiyoshi,Y.Nakamuta.The influence of tool geometry on axial hole deviation in deep drilling: comparison of single-and multi-edge tools.
JSME International Journal.2006,30:1167-1174 [6] P.K.Rao,M.S.Shunmugam.Analysis of axial and transverse profiles of holes obtained in BTA machining.International Journal of Machine Tool and Manufacture,2010,27:505-515

In recent years, there have been many results for the study of structural properties of granular materials.
(2)The horizontal vibration mainly occurs in shallow layer in granular materials.
Gollub,Mechanisms for slow strengthening in granular materials.
Journal of Ningxia University (The edition of Natural Science Natural), Vol.25（4）311-313 (2004)
Gansu Journal of science (In Chinese)..20(3) 117-121(2008)

By using their segmentation technique, compositional ratio of materials are obtained.
This result is terrain information.Each terrain will be grouped by using compositional ratio of materials of terrains.
Journal of Field Robotics, Volume 26 Issue 1, pp.3-25,January 2009
Journal of Field Robotics, 2008,25(6-7):325–345
Journal of Field Robotics, 2007,24(3):205–231

Materials and Methods Isolation and characterization of the phenol degradation bacteria The bacteria in activated sludge collected from coking plant of Shougang in Beijing, was enriched with beef extract peptone medium (BM).
Marrot, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol.145(2008),p.225-231
Cela, Journal of Chromatography, vol.885(2000), p.291-304
Monteiro, D.Telles Braga and M.M.Santoro, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol.161(2009), p.1413-1420
Makhlouf, Journal of Hazardous Materials ,vol.164 (2009), p.720-725