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Online since: May 2004
Authors: Volkan Gunay, E. Oktay, G.G. Avcı, S. Kırtay
The objective of indenting the samples
was to (a) create reproducible strength limiting flaws on the glass samples, (b) examine the
effectiveness of the coating in alleviating the glass strength reduction due to large flaws.
A computer using commercial software recorded load-displacement data.
Different data sets were fitted to the following probability function: Ps = 1- exp -[ σ/σo ]m
The modulus m can be determined from the slope of the plot between lnln( 1/1-Ps ) vs ln σ and is related to the variability of the data and reliability of the material, a high m value is always preferable because it corresponds to higher reliability materials.
A computer using commercial software recorded load-displacement data.
Different data sets were fitted to the following probability function: Ps = 1- exp -[ σ/σo ]m
The modulus m can be determined from the slope of the plot between lnln( 1/1-Ps ) vs ln σ and is related to the variability of the data and reliability of the material, a high m value is always preferable because it corresponds to higher reliability materials.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Jin Cheng Wang, Xiao Yu Zheng
A wide range of fillers has been introduced into rubber in recent years for the purpose of cost reduction or improvement of mechanical properties.
The cure data of SBR/OMMT composites t10/min t90/min CRI/min-1 SBR 3.14 11.06 12.63 SBR/OMMT-5% 1.14 4.9 26.60 SBR/OMMT-10% 1.34 5.86 22.12 SBR/OMMT-15% 1.66 7.98 15.82 SBR/OMMT-20% 2.04 9.42 13.55 The data of the cure characteristics, such as t10 and t90, of different amount of OMMT filled SBR systems were summarized in Table 1.
In addition, the increased data of CRI (CRI=100/(T90-T10)) demonstrated that OMMT had an promotion effect on vulcanization for SBR composites.
The cure data of SBR/OMMT composites t10/min t90/min CRI/min-1 SBR 3.14 11.06 12.63 SBR/OMMT-5% 1.14 4.9 26.60 SBR/OMMT-10% 1.34 5.86 22.12 SBR/OMMT-15% 1.66 7.98 15.82 SBR/OMMT-20% 2.04 9.42 13.55 The data of the cure characteristics, such as t10 and t90, of different amount of OMMT filled SBR systems were summarized in Table 1.
In addition, the increased data of CRI (CRI=100/(T90-T10)) demonstrated that OMMT had an promotion effect on vulcanization for SBR composites.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Lu Ming
Carbon tax policy can contribute to the development of renewable energy [3], encourage strengthening environmental management applications [4], and help create the basis for developing economies [5].This paper provides the basis of a carbon tax model is not taking any mode of carbon dioxide emission reduction strategies.
The related data for this example are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Example data(in thousand) Projects(i) Available capacity 1 2 3 4 5 Bid price Pi 81000 85000 91600 81000 89000 Direct material constraint bil 5500 6000 9000 5100 8500 W1=20000 Direct labor constrain 800 1100 1200 1000 1300 Direct machine constrain 700 900 1100 800 1100 CO2 emission constrain 660 850 1200 900 1000 Analysis (1) Assessing the CO2 emissions of building projects.
(2) Determining the optimal building projects Based on the data in table 1 and related mathematical model above, the first step is to determine the optimal building projects before considering the CO2 emission costs.
The related data for this example are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Example data(in thousand) Projects(i) Available capacity 1 2 3 4 5 Bid price Pi 81000 85000 91600 81000 89000 Direct material constraint bil 5500 6000 9000 5100 8500 W1=20000 Direct labor constrain 800 1100 1200 1000 1300 Direct machine constrain 700 900 1100 800 1100 CO2 emission constrain 660 850 1200 900 1000 Analysis (1) Assessing the CO2 emissions of building projects.
(2) Determining the optimal building projects Based on the data in table 1 and related mathematical model above, the first step is to determine the optimal building projects before considering the CO2 emission costs.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Anthimos Georgiadis, Thomas Wagner, Marvin Eggebrecht
Introduction
Constantly increasing demands on quality of products require further reduction or elimination of defects in manufacturing.
The maximum change in length ΔL of the strain gauge has been calculated according to (1), (2), (3), (4): (1) The stain ε and the initial length l0 are given in the data sheet of the strain gauge.
In the table 2 the maximum load data of the developed clamping system are displayed [7].
The raw data are shown the next graph.
The maximum change in length ΔL of the strain gauge has been calculated according to (1), (2), (3), (4): (1) The stain ε and the initial length l0 are given in the data sheet of the strain gauge.
In the table 2 the maximum load data of the developed clamping system are displayed [7].
The raw data are shown the next graph.
Online since: February 2006
Authors: X.D. Zhang, Yan Shen Xu, Xi Ling Zhang
And the cause of
vibration is founded through studying data acquired from experiments.
The measuring data indicate that the eigenfrequency of joint shaft is 290Hz, grinding carriage about 135Hz - 150Hz, workbench about 150Hz - 170Hz.
Reduction of decentration of grinding wheel spindle.
In terms of data of Table 2, the acceleration and displacement of grinder with grinding wheel are both bigger than without wheel.
The measuring data indicate that the eigenfrequency of joint shaft is 290Hz, grinding carriage about 135Hz - 150Hz, workbench about 150Hz - 170Hz.
Reduction of decentration of grinding wheel spindle.
In terms of data of Table 2, the acceleration and displacement of grinder with grinding wheel are both bigger than without wheel.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Jung Jin Park, Kyunghwan Lee, Younghwan Son, Jaeho Lee, Jae Hong Lee, Seunghyun Jang, Shinhyung Kim, Hyung Cheol Shin
Recently, the hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) device is used in the LCD because of good uniformity, lots of ease of a fabrication and cost reduction.
To analyze the experimental data, we use the carrier trapping noise model with correlated mobility fluctuations.
Results and Discussion From Eq. 1, SVfb can be extracted by fitting and Fig. 2 shows the best fitting data.
The obtained density of tail states as a function of energy is shown in the Fig. 3(b) (dotted data).
To analyze the experimental data, we use the carrier trapping noise model with correlated mobility fluctuations.
Results and Discussion From Eq. 1, SVfb can be extracted by fitting and Fig. 2 shows the best fitting data.
The obtained density of tail states as a function of energy is shown in the Fig. 3(b) (dotted data).
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Tsung Lin Liu, Ben Ran Fu, Chin Pan
The data acquisition system records the signals from four T-type thermocouples, located at inlets and outlets of MCHE, and the differential pressure transducer between the inlet and outlet chambers in the cold side.
Data reduction The actual effectiveness of the MCHE in the single- and two-phase regions is analyzed below.
Under the conditions of single-phase liquid methanol flow in the cold side, good agreement between experimental data and numerical predictions are demonstrated.
Data reduction The actual effectiveness of the MCHE in the single- and two-phase regions is analyzed below.
Under the conditions of single-phase liquid methanol flow in the cold side, good agreement between experimental data and numerical predictions are demonstrated.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Chun Mei Gao, Shuang Chen, He Li, Shuo Han
At the same time, because the specimen size is smaller, the test temperature changed rapidly, the accuracy of test data obtained will be affected.
Processed test data collected according to the relevant calculation formula of indirect tensile test, obtain the corresponding index value, see Table 1.
Table 1 Low temperature performance index of basalt fiber asphalt concrete Fiber length (mm) Basalt fiber content (%) Failure strength(MPa) Vertical deformation (mm) Failure stiffness (MPa) Failure strain (με) 0 0 3.52 1.03 1941.82 3119.73 6 0.12 3.57 1.29 1572.47 3907.23 0.15 3.64 1.43 1446.34 4331.27 0.17 3.60 1.35 1515.21 4088.96 Figure 1 -10˚C, Failure strength variation Figure 2 -10˚C, Splitting stiffness modulus variation Figure 3 -10˚C, Indirect tensile failure strain variation From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that splitting failure strength(RT)changes little, compared with without fiber ,the asphalt concrete with fiber maximum splitting failure strength(RT) only increased by 6.53%.From the trends in Figure 1, it can be seen that the asphalt concrete mixed fiber is greater than without fiber on splitting failure strength(RT)as a whole.
The details are as follows: 1.The maximum increased value of basalt fiber to asphalt concrete low temperature damage intensity is 3.41%. 2.The maximum reduction value of basalt fiber to asphalt concrete low temperature damage stiffness is 25.52%. 3.The maximum increased value of basalt fiber to asphalt concrete low temperature failure strainis is 38.83%. 4.For low temperature performance, the optimum amount of value about 6mm basalt fiber is 0.15%.
Processed test data collected according to the relevant calculation formula of indirect tensile test, obtain the corresponding index value, see Table 1.
Table 1 Low temperature performance index of basalt fiber asphalt concrete Fiber length (mm) Basalt fiber content (%) Failure strength(MPa) Vertical deformation (mm) Failure stiffness (MPa) Failure strain (με) 0 0 3.52 1.03 1941.82 3119.73 6 0.12 3.57 1.29 1572.47 3907.23 0.15 3.64 1.43 1446.34 4331.27 0.17 3.60 1.35 1515.21 4088.96 Figure 1 -10˚C, Failure strength variation Figure 2 -10˚C, Splitting stiffness modulus variation Figure 3 -10˚C, Indirect tensile failure strain variation From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that splitting failure strength(RT)changes little, compared with without fiber ,the asphalt concrete with fiber maximum splitting failure strength(RT) only increased by 6.53%.From the trends in Figure 1, it can be seen that the asphalt concrete mixed fiber is greater than without fiber on splitting failure strength(RT)as a whole.
The details are as follows: 1.The maximum increased value of basalt fiber to asphalt concrete low temperature damage intensity is 3.41%. 2.The maximum reduction value of basalt fiber to asphalt concrete low temperature damage stiffness is 25.52%. 3.The maximum increased value of basalt fiber to asphalt concrete low temperature failure strainis is 38.83%. 4.For low temperature performance, the optimum amount of value about 6mm basalt fiber is 0.15%.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Wan Nurulhuda Wan Shamsuri, Karim bin Deraman, Rosli Hussin, Jackie Chen Keng Yik, Ong Wai Kit
The data such as the voltage range and the width of electrode were inserted into the system via its software.
Therefore, the stress reduction mechanism was employed by refining the sp3 bonding to sp2 bonding during the deposition in nature (P.N Vishwakarma et al, 2005) [6,8].
First of all, there are two different range of current density of DLC thin films were presented in the log data plot.
Film thickness measurement provide a qualitative data which compatible to result, growth of DLC thin films in this optimum substrate temperature was presented while the issues of previous thickness analysis was affirmative.
Therefore, the stress reduction mechanism was employed by refining the sp3 bonding to sp2 bonding during the deposition in nature (P.N Vishwakarma et al, 2005) [6,8].
First of all, there are two different range of current density of DLC thin films were presented in the log data plot.
Film thickness measurement provide a qualitative data which compatible to result, growth of DLC thin films in this optimum substrate temperature was presented while the issues of previous thickness analysis was affirmative.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Juan Wu, Wei Lu, Fei Hao, Ai Guo Song
Table 1 The Recognition Rate of Target Orientation Experiments
The Serial Number
The Recognition Rate of Group 1
The Recognition Rate of Group 2
0
78.31%
98.70%
1
61.64%
85.07%
2
50.00%
52.27%
3
55.26%
65.28%
4
52.08%
68.92%
5
68.09%
70.31%
6
67.86%
86.30%
7
62.32%
70.15%
8
46.77%
55.00%
9
54.81%
68.85%
10
51.19%
61.02%
11
81.55%
90.77%
AVERAGE
60.82%
72.72%
Table 2 The Time-Interval of Target Orientation Experiments
The Serial Number
The Time-Interval of Group 1 (s)
The Time-Interval of Group 2 (s)
0
2.92
1.76
1
4.53
2.32
2
6.25
4.03
3
4.86
3.10
4
6.09
3.45
5
4.11
3.82
6
3.27
2.76
7
4.26
3.26
8
5.67
3.79
9
4.21
2.75
10
4.90
3.28
11
3.23
2.12
AVERAGE
4.53
3.04
After identifying the location of the vibrating tactor which represents the direction information of the target, the subject choose the direction by a single left click of the mouse on the software interface of target orientation experiment and the related data was recorded by the software.
The data of Table 1 and Table 2 is average recognition rate and time-interval of the appointed tactor.
After detailed comparison of the data of two sets of comparative experiments, it is found that the accuracy and speed of Group 2 is significantly higher than Group 1 in the same experiments due to the subjects’ proficiency.
The average promotion of the recognition rate is more than 10 percentage while the average reduction in the interval is about 1.5 seconds.
The data of Table 1 and Table 2 is average recognition rate and time-interval of the appointed tactor.
After detailed comparison of the data of two sets of comparative experiments, it is found that the accuracy and speed of Group 2 is significantly higher than Group 1 in the same experiments due to the subjects’ proficiency.
The average promotion of the recognition rate is more than 10 percentage while the average reduction in the interval is about 1.5 seconds.