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The mechanical properties of these two types of steel can be found in Ref.[15].
Monofractal and multifractal scaling laws for threshold stress intensity range Fracture energy and stress intensity factor for self-similar fracture surfaces.
Let us examine a two-dimensional crack problem, although generalisation to three dimensional cases does not affect the ensuing arguments.
Such a result is consistent from a physical point of view, that is to say, the invasive properties (d ) are strictly connected to the microstructural properties (e.g. maxd ).
Endo, in: Publication 1 of the European Group of Fracture, Mechanical Engineering Publications, London (1986)

Besides that, nanoparticles also differ compared to their parent materials which highly enhanced in their physio-chemical, mechanical, electrical, thermal, and hydrodynamic properties [3].
He however did not perform study on other rheological properties such as density, viscosity and pH.
Conclusion In this research, it can be concluded that nanosilica affect the rheological properties of water based drilling mud (WBM).
Tippee, Nanotechnology Seen Boosting Recovery Factors.
Dyson, Fluid Properties at Nano/Meso Scale: A Numerical Treatment.

Biphasic CaP have excellent combination of properties due to the bioactivity of HAp and bioresorbability of β-TCP.
Determination of scale-up factors.
Aging time is an important factor for the formation of phase pure apatite [6].
Sorrell, Some important factors in the wet precipitation process of hydroxyapatite, Mater.
Shaw, Influence of temperature and concentration on the sintering behavior and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite, Acta Mater. 19 (2004) 5655-5663

Serious damage phenomena will appear soon in the pavement after the road is built and put into use, which has seriously affected the flight safety of the aircraft.
Its microscopic properties are researched profoundly and the microscopic mechanism of action is drawn further.
Then the test of mechanical properties and durability performance are conducted.
More important is that its durability is quite good: the abrasion resistance of the ultra-high-early strength concrete patching material in 3d age is quite similar to the one of common concrete in 28 days; in the stress ratio of 0.6, the fatigue number reaches more than 2 million times, and it is free from freezing and thawing cycle factors.
Layered structure may appear in Ca (OH) 2 together with the weakest link of the cleavage plane appearing, causing the physical properties of the pure cement lower than the mechanical properties of the super-early strength repair material cement.

Finite Element Analysis of Corroded Truck Chassis using Sub Modeling Technique Ojo Kurdi1,2, a, R A Rahman2,b and M N Tamin2,c 1Faculty of Engineering Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya campus Jalan Timur Tambahan, Bestari Jaya, 45600 Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Bahru, Malaysia aojokurdi@unisel.edu.my, broslan@fkm.utm.my, ctaminmn@fkm.utm.my Keywords: corroded truck chassis, finite element analysis, sub modeling, Von Misses Stress Abstract.
They tried to reviews the factors that affect the corrosion rate of the ship hull girder.
It can be explained since at the notch region, the stress concentration factor is high.
Based on failure criteria refer to the tensile strength property, the chassis will fail after 30 years exposed to corrosive environment.
Our gratitude also goes to the CSM Laboratory and Vibration Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for providing facility and software package.

Macrosegregation can lead to nonuniform mechanical properties, which affect the behavior of the metal during subsequent treatments.
They did not explicitly consider the flow field, however they have shown that the use of poorly performing discretization schemes induces considerable numerical errors, affecting the predicted macrosegregation profile.
While the latter assumption is not completely valid due to the short domain length, it should not significantly affect neither flow nor macrosegregation.
The chill boundary conditions and all thermophysical properties of Al-4.5%Cu are the same as already used in [10, 2].
Granger, Macrosegregation in aluminum alloy ingot cast by the semicontinuous direct chill (DC) method, Aluminum Alloys: Their Physical and Mechanical Properties, EMAS, UK, 1986, pp. 17-29

Notations D1 is the nominal diameter of steel tube D is the actual diameter of steel tube t1 is the nominal thickness of steel tube t is actual thickness of steel tube L is the length of specimens Ac is the cross-sectional area of infill concrete As is cross-sectional area of steel tube fy′ is the yield strength of steel bars fy is the yield strength of steel tube θ=fyAs/(fcAc) is the confinement factor Ac1′ is the cross-sectional area outer steel tube fc′ is the compressive strength of concrete outer steel tubes with prisms 150×150×300mm fcu,15 is the compressive strength of concrete with150 mm cubes, where fc′=0.67 fcu,15 fcu is the compressive strength of concrete with100 mm cubes fc is the compressive strength of concrete with prisms 100×100×300mm Ace′ is the cross-sectional area of concrete between stirrups and the steel tubes.
In recent years, Scholars have made systematic studies on the mechanical properties of composite column reinforced with the concrete-filled steel tube[7-8].
A review of available experimental studies shows that the main parameters affecting the ultimate bearing capacity of axially loaded short composition columns reinforced with the high strength concrete filled with steel tubes are: the concretes and their mechanical parameters, such as the strength of concrete including outer and inner steel tube, the steel bar, steel tube and their yield strength of steel bars; the geometrical parameters, such as the steel ratio of steel bar and steel tube, and so on.
Fig 2 Failure mode of the composition columns reinforced with the prefabricated SHSCUS filled with steel tubes On the basis of the experimental phenomena (as shown in figure 2) observed that the damage began firstly from the concrete cover, which is consistent with that of other experts’ result, and the fact that no significant confinement by stirrups on properties of concrete outer the tubes, the authors proposed the assumptions as following: l The ultimate bearing capacity of composition columns reinforced with the super high strength concrete filled with steel tubes is equal to that of reinforced concrete between stirrups and the steel tubes plus that of the super high strength concrete filled with steel tubes.

The development of new composite materials to obtain better mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties depends to a large extent on the metal-ceramic interfaces.
The contact angle, which defines the wettability of a ceramic by a liquid metal, is a basic parameter in obtaining some composite materials, and the value of the work of adhesion affects the mechanical strength of the metal-ceramic interfaces.
Its value affects the bonding strength of the metal-ceramic interfaces and is an important parameter in obtaining some composite materials.
Here, we considered the latter factor for simplicity and calculated ∆G by the Wilson equation and the extended Miedema model [9].
Ye: Handbook of Practical thermochemical properties of inorganic substances(Metallurgical Industry Publications, China 1981).

It synthesizes the advantages of carbon fibre reinforced plastics and titanium alloy, having good mechanical properties, better impact resistance,and owning the ability of resist erosion from environment.
Ramulu [5] et al. noted that the high temperature of the drilling process affected tool life, and it was easy to produce the burr defect when drilling titanium alloy during the process of drilling composite material and titanium laminated material with high-speed steel (HSS), cobalt high speed steel (HSS-Co), cemented carbide tool.
The tool wear is a major factor which leads to an increase on thrust force, while the high temperature leads to the tool wear increase.
Taking drilling carbon fiber composite materials as an example, if the export appears burr, avulsion, or inner delamination, which will affect the mechanical properties of materials.

This phenomenon is affected by not only test variables such as the slip amplitude, applied normal load, etc. but also by service environments (i.e. lubricant conditions).
In an unlubricant condition, the behavior of the wear debris or their layers is considered as a governing factor determining the wear resistance.
However, wear behavior is more sensitive to the material/mechanical properties such as the changed hardness, subsurface deformation in a water lubricant condition [1, 2].
One of the easily applicable methods to decrease the wear damages is to improve the spring shape that could have wear-resistant properties.
However, wear behavior between contacting surfaces is affected by both the contacting spring shape and debris behavior due to the spring characteristics.