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Online since: January 2014
Authors: Hai Ming Liu, Jian Jun Wang, Jing Kui Hu, Jing Cao
Since the cement belongs to impervious structure, the gravity cement-soil wall can sustain soil pressure and water pressure.
Therefore, the SMW has advantages of good strength and water impermeability effect.
It is suitable for the soft clay which is below the water table and sand.
Generally, the diaphragm wall has characteristics of retaining, bearing, water and seepage, which is known as the “three in one wall”.
(In Chinese) [5] The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People’s Republic of China.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Mihai Gheorghe Ghiba
The second compounding part of fech , has the increased value at the beginning of their career and decreases as they gain experience in navigation, as it can be measured by their professional experience.
HBO Optimum Prediction and measurements Overflow water level +700 cm.
HNW Attention Prediction Maximum navigable water level +748 cm.
HSW Precaution Prediction The highest water level registered +898 cm.
Limit values shall be taken into account and in extreme conditions or tendencies (low water weather, bad weather, etc.) the T.P.P. shall be developed taking into account the scale of the risk reserve.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Hong Yan
This design is to protect the waterproof layer from the outside damage, prolong the service life of the waterproof layer, Into the roof of the water and water vapor not frozen, convenient construction, easy to overhaul, etc.
Water-ponding roof improves the ability of the heat insulation of the roof by ponding a layer of water in rigid water roof using characteristics of the high heat capacity of water.
The technology is heating floor by directly burying hot water pipe within the floor, using the ground radiation heat to heat for indoor air with hot water as medium.
Without the use of A reinforcing steel bar and a piece of concrete in the whole body of "Water Cube".
Based on professional photovoltaic software simulation calculated, 100KW photovoltaic power generation system of National Stadium security shed provides about 106,000 kwh of green power, about 120.9 tons of carbon dioxide emission reduction every year.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Zu Yan Shen, Ye Hua Wang, Yuan Qi Li
Case studies of the debatable designs in China Beijing National Aquatics Center (Water Cube).
The concept of this design was to imitate a pearl rising from the surface of the water. 263 kilograms of steel per square meter of plain area were used.
Firstly, the emergence of excellent designs needs designers engaging in different majors have good professional quality, good professional morality and strong sense of social responsibility.
This makes the Chinese designers with strong professional morality and social responsibility regret for not realizing their creative ideas.
Online since: May 2025
Authors: Eugenia Trasca, Marin Bica
Replacement of the heating/air conditioning installation and hot water preparation (S6) The proposed solution is for the heating to continue to be provided by the heating network of the municipality of Craiova, with the replacement of the existing heating installation (internal heating agent distribution pipes, static bodies, etc.) and the provision of solar panels for preparing hot water for consumption (including regulating devices) having: selective absorbent collectors with aluminum flat plates, total opening area 2.00 [m2]/panel, absorption area 1.90 [m2], south orientation, enamel tank, tilt angle 45 degrees, absorption capacity 1.38; Insulation of underground pipes with basaltic mineral with maximum thermal conductivity ƛmax ≤ 0.040 [W/(mK)] and thickness ≥ 5.00 [cm]; It is recommended, in order to save hot/cold water, to replace the existing batteries in the sanitary groups with single-control batteries with a photo cell or with timer taps.
This measure does not bring significant energy savings at the level of the building, but it reduces the hot/cold water bill by reducing the consumption due to the waste of hot/cold water; Replacement of the electrical lighting installation (S7) Replacing the electrical lighting installation and equipping it with low-consumption lighting fixtures (LED type) and presence sensors, whose luminous efficacy is 3...6 times higher than fluorescent/incandescent ones.
Equipped with photovoltaic solar panels to power the system; Definition of the reference building The reference building represents a virtual building with the following general characteristics, valid for all types of buildings considered according to the Mc001/2006 standard: - Annual heat consumption for heating Q_inc = 339,557.03 [MJ] - The specific annual heat consumption for heating the building spaces q_inc = 86.15 [kWh/m2 year] - Efficiency of the heating boiler: 92 - The efficiency of the internal heating system: Energy notes of the building Based on the specific heat consumption values, the energy grades are determined as follows: REAL BUILDING with specific heat consumption for heating, domestic hot water and lighting: q_T = 215.93 [kWh/m2an], it is assigned a grade: 88.40 REFERENCE BUILDING with specific heat consumption for heating, domestic hot water and lighting: q_T = 101.38 [kWh/m2an], it is assigned a grade: 100 Determination of energy efficiency indicators Table
Professional thermodetector with sensor with quick acclimatization for accurate measurement of ambient temperature and air humidity.
LCD Professional use class Laser class 2 Display size 2.8 inches Working range 5 m Measurements performed Fig. 14.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Qi Zeng
According to the temperature increasing of the water after combustion, the heating value can be calculated.
N is the heat which comes from the nitric acid generated dissolving in water, and the experimental value is 50.24J/g.
QL is the low heating value of sample, J/g. 25.12 is the water latent heat of vaporization, when the water vaporization mass is 0.01 gram. 9 is a transforming coefficient between hydrogen and water.
Acknowledgements Thanks to the financial support from Professional Technology of Institute of Luzhou for the essay work.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Jin Yang Zhang
Commercial Concrete Quality test Jinyang ZHANG 1, a 1Anhui and Huai River Water Resources Research Institute, Bengbu 233000, Anhui, China a13605523751@139.com Keywords: commercial concrete, rebound method, concrete strength, plastic cracks Abstract.The appearance of commercial concrete has heightened architectural construction level, improved construction civilization and offered the guarantee of the popularization and application of new tech significantly.
Its occurrence symbolizes the further professional job division in architecture and building industry to strengthen constructional level, improve constructional civilization and guarantee the popularization and application of new tech conspicuously.
The reason lies in that commercial concrete is more transportable and higher in water/cement ratio and it has more sand percentage in order to let it wrap the aggregate to eliminate the pump pipeline blockage.
The additive’s high water-reduction rate is always regarded as a positive factor, yet many tests show that the compatibility between additives and cement is an important issue to be thought when an additive is being chosen, moreover, the amount of additive dosage is also critical, which shall only be determined after dosage test.
When the said concreting was completed and started to do other job, water seepage was found successively on the ceiling slab, see Fig.1 .
Online since: April 2018
Authors: Bebe Adrian Olei, Sorin Vasile Savu, Ion Ciupitu, Gabriel Constantin Benga
Introduction Introduction of LNG as a fuel to power ships sailing on inland waters led to the emergence of new problems, namely, competent seafarers in the field of liquefied gas.
The overall aim of STCIN is the creation of a “level playing field” by establishing common standards with regards to the professional competencies of nautical personnel, quality criteria of teaching instructors or the attributes of learning tools such as simulators, training ships or practical learning equipment.
the risk accompanied with the characteristics of LNG Explain the term ‘Rapid Phase Transition’ (RPT) Describe ‘Boil Off Gas’ Describe “roll over” and sloshing (if applicable) Explain the danger of cloud formation when LNG comes into contact with outside air and hot surfaces Describe the hazard associated with handling LNG (e.g. asphyxia, low temperatures) Describe dangers and risks related to electrostatic electricity and ignition sources Explain the term ‘cryogenic’ and the risks presents for humans Explain the risks of expanding trapped liquid / BLEVE To recognize dangerous situations and take adequate countermeasures Describe the hazard associated with handling LNG (e.g. asphyxia, low temperatures) Explain the risks of expanding trapped liquid / BLEVE Describe the hazardous areas/EX-zones in relation to LNG and operational limitations in those zones Define which approval tools, equipment and instruments need to be used in Ex-zones Describe the behavior of LNG when discharged (into water
systems, LNG) Recognize the increased risk of gas leakage in the tank connection space Perform basic first aid in case of injuries/physical problems due to LNG exposure Describe how cryogenic properties of LNG affect standard steel components upon contact Propose solutions and measures when encountering unsafe situations not covered in QC and QM To describe and apply the safety and security plan Describe the hazardous areas/EX-zones in relation to LNG and operational limitations in those zones To operate safety devices during an bunkering Act in accordance with applicable contingency plan in case of an emergency Determine a safe position on board in case of an LNG release, emergency discharge or spill Determine the most suitable vessel position/vessel orientation considering environmental conditions in case of an LNG release or spill Describe the actions required to mitigate spills Demonstrate the proper way to handle an LNG-spill Demonstrate directing a gas-cloud using the effect of water
level, meteorological conditions) permit operations Explain the difficulty of calculating quantity of LNG bunkers Explain the procedure for bunker quantity calculations as defined by the company Check specification of LNG with agreed order Describe the physical properties of bunkers Interpret readings from level gauging equipment Interpret readings from metering equipment Perform Emergency Shut Down tests Describe the tasks and responsibilities of both crew and bunkering personnel during preparation and bunkering operation Determine the conditions of bunker-tanks Explain the importance of earthing/grounding and the role in ESD Describe measures taken on board to ensure proper grounding and static discharge during operations/bunkering Determine the need for inerting/purging of the filling lines in prior to the bunker transfer Describe measures taken to be prepared for incidents and emergencies (firefighting equipment, drip trays, water curtain) To explain the nature of safety devices and
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Yao Zhi Huang, Dan Yu
The whole city makes the full use of the favorable natural condition “water”, linking the surrounding ancient towns and the cities to prosper the town and city with water [3].
The two banks of the Canal are full of arcades and overhangs, mottled stone balustrades, rugged gables, which form a well-arranged water landscape on small lanes and water lanes.
Remove all companies along the riverside which cause serious pollutions and set limit for the quality of water discharged into canal, thus purifying the water in canal.
A Brief Account of Cultural Elements in Jiangsu Urban Water Development.
Jiangsu Water Resources. 2010(2) (In Chinese) [4]Research of Suzhou Development Strategy.
Online since: January 2026
Authors: Inna Slobodiannykova, Volodymyr Medianyk, Serhii Buriak, Oleksii Demchenko, Olha Medvedieva, Valentyn Buketov
Energy potential of coal slurry Mine waters contain dissolved salts and other useful components.
Level B – Geothermal use of mine water: mine water temperature: 12-25°C (depending on depth), heat pump systems with a conversion coefficient of 3.5-4.5.
Heating and hot water supply capacity for 15-20 thousand m² of space per mine.
Annual fuel savings: 200-350 tons per 1.000 m³/hour of water.
Socio-cultural dimension: preserving the professional identity of mining communities, developing educational and cultural programs on industrial heritage, creating mining museums and cultural canters, supporting traditional crafts and industries in the region. 5.
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