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The material properties of the workpiece were employed from the built-in database of material properties in simufact.forming ver. 14.0.1.
The shear friction factor along the hollow part of the upper die was varied in the range 0.1 ≤ mb1 ≤ 1.0, while the shear friction factors at the other parts of the upper and lower dies were assumed to be mb2 = mf = 0.4.
Thus the extruded lengths, especially the backward extruded length, are found to be affected by the friction.
From the above results, it is confirmed that the workpiece flow and the forging load are affected by the friction conditions along the hollow part of the upper die.
Groche, Mechanical servo press technology for metal forming, CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology, 60-2 (2011) 651-672

This study aimed to investigate the bone integration properties as well as the cytotoxicity between the implant surface and the jaw bone.
Numerous factors can affect a successful treatment with dental implants.
Some of the important factors are the time needed for integrating the implant surface with the patient's jawbone, the effect of the implant's geometric design on the implant-bone joint strength, and the mechanical properties of the materials used in the implant [7,8].
Also, more research is being done today to improve the mechanical properties of nanostructured implants.
Pavan, "Modelling of mandible bone properties in the numerical analysis of oral implant biomechanics", Computer methods and programs in biomedicine, 1;100(2), (2010) 158-165

Currently, the methods of improving fatigue properties of welded joints include hammering, shot peening, dressing, and ultrasonic impacting method [4].
Due to the advantages of easier inspection and quality control, flexible operation, no noise, etc., the TIG dressing for welded toe is one of the most simple and effective post-weld treatment process to improve the fatigue properties of joints.
Assuming the cold and heat source move with the same speed v, the shape of the cold source affecting on the specimen plane is oval-shaped, its energy distribution is similar to Gaussian distribution, then in time t ,the cold flow intensity of any point on weld is: qLB = qLexp{-kL[(x-vt)2+y2]} =qLFL(x,y,t) (3) where kL is the concentration factor of the cold source , FL as a function of time, qLis the maximum cold flow intensity.
Nonlinear material properties of high temperature are taken into consideration during the calculation.
Its mechanical and thermal physical parameters depend on the temperature, in the simulation, The properties parameters that close to and above the melting temperature are obtained by extrapolation [8].

Introduction Impurities such as non metallic inclusions and hydrogen in the aluminum adversely affect the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of aluminum castings, such as the strengths, electrical and thermal conductivities and corrosion resistance, and so on.
It is dispersedly distributed in the melt and usually of small size (from less than 1 to hundreds of micron and of flocculent structures), which is extremely harmful to the properties of the materials, especially elongation and fatigue performance.
A, Chemical and kinetic factors related to hydrogen removal from aluminum, Metall.

Improved Heat Transfer using Micro-structures in Trifold Solar Energy Conversion Systems POPESCU Aristotel1,a*, PFUND David2,b, HERNANDEZ-GUERRERO Abel3,c, PANAITE Ema-Carmen1,d, LUPU Ana Georgiana1,e and STADOLEANU Ovidiu-Virgil1,f 1”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bd.
Introduction The ever-rising global trend of renewable energy options usage was affected by the recent economic crisis, but remained on an increasing curve, mainly due to developments and investments on Asian markets [1].
The combination of these two factors alone, would provide enough incentives to apply micro-scale heat exchanger technology to hybrid trifold solar panels.
The conditions assumed for analysis of both channel configurations were: steady state, negligible radiation heat transfer and constant properties.
For smaller size channels, the minor increase relative to theoretical values may be due to the more realistic situation where fluid properties are temperature dependent.

Because of their high water content and excellent hydrophilic properties, hydrogels have been widely utilized in tissue engineering, pharmaceuticals, food, personal care products and drug delivery [2].
In this study, cellulose was added to reinforce the hydrogel structure on the grounds that the chains of cellulose are very stiff and act as a backbone to improve the mechanical strength of the hydrogel.
Figure 4 Swelling ratios of the hydrogels in 9g/L NaCl solution The swelling behavior of cellulose-CMC hydrogels in physical saline water is one of the important factors that will affect the application of hydrogels as biomaterials.
Characterization and properties of carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels crosslinked by polyethylene glycol.

However, from the study of literature, the papers discussing study the effect of jatrophacurcas on the physical properties of recast layer in cutting of steel, has never been obtained so far.
Electric current for each electrode selected in optimum cutting conditions as recommended by the engine manufacturer.Optimum conditions for Copper and Copper Chrome are the same, that is: 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60Amperes, while for graphite electrode: 6, 9, 15, 20, 30, 40 Ampere.In addition, the use of pulse-on time and pul se-off time are constant, the duty factor of 85% with a flushing injection.                       
Figure 2Comparison of TWR affected by dielectric fluid kerosene and jatrophacurcas for graphite electrodes.
Figure 3.Comparison of TWR affected by dielectric fluid kerosene and jatrophacurcas for Cu and CuCr electrodes.  
Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank the postgraduate students from the study program of Metallurgy and Materials, the University of Indonesia, and the study program of Mechanical Engineering,Trisakti University, who have helped the implementation of this study.  

There are many ways for the isolator can be used to represent an inner friction or energy loss of elasticity - damping properties of the materials, a widely used description method is complex stiffness[3].
System is assumed to be viscoelastic structural damping, the input signal is a harmonic signal, mechanical model of the test system (SDOF) shown in Fig. 3, the equations of motion according to Eq. 2
(2) Where, M is the quality of moving objects in the system, K is the static stiffness of elastic element in the system, ηis the loss factor of the viscoelastic damping structure is twice the damping ratio, X is the absolute displacement of moving objects, is the absolute acceleration of the moving object, u is the absolute displacement of the foundation or countertops, F0 is the amplitude of excitation, ω is the circular frequency of excitation.
Fig. 3 Mechanical model of the system Fig. 4.
Zhao: Mechanical Vibration and Noise (Science Press, China 2004).

Introduction The vibration mill is the key equipment in the process of making super-powder, the product that satisfy the property of granularity can be acquired after grinding.
But fuzzy controller over-relied on the experiments of experts in the field, the subjective factor is the main factors.
In the traditional production craft, the powder doesn’t meet technical requirements is sent to vibration mill again, and main motor speed keep constant, thus it will affect the production efficiency.
Because of subjective factor playing a main role, so this kind of design method is empirical, even rough.
In this paper, the fuzzy controller is taken, but it is over-relied on the experiments of experts in the field, the subjective factor is the main factors.

The aggregate properties are shown in Table 1 below.
It shows the result of aggregate properties under a specification of DOH requirements.
Field investigation of factors affecting skid resistance variations in asphalt pavements.
Influence of engineering properties on Polished Stone Value (PSV): A case study on basic igneous rocks from Serbia.
BS EN ISO 1097-08, Test for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates – Part 8, BSI, London, UK.