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The structure of plasticized PAN films was investigated using XRD (Shimadzu XRD-7000) with Cu Kα radiation from 5° to 35° 2θ position.
Molecular structure of plasticizers [9] It can also be observed that the XRD profiles of plasticized PAN films resulted to twin peaks near 17° and disappearance of peak near 30° 2θ position.
PC can be perceived as a bigger molecule due to its pentane structure, which consequently creates a higher free volume and disorder to the PAN molecules.
[9] http://chemistry.about.com/ [10] P.A.R.D.

As soon as this happens, the corrosion process is initiated and the chemistry of the interface steel/concrete suffers dramatic changes that affect the reinforced concrete properties, such as steel cross-sectional area decreasing, compressive strength of concrete falling and bonding capability between steel and concrete playing down [2-4].
As the environment around which the structures, the materials and the test method between Zhang [15] and this research existing subtle differences, there are some errors.
Service life of RC structures: Carbonation induced corrosion.
Steel corrosion and protection in Reinforced concrete structures.

As the microstructure of the absorber layer, especially grain structure, grain orientation, grain boundaries and their electronic behavior affect the device performance, we investigate CIGS absorber layers with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with a cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrometer.
We present first results made with this experimental setup, which is able to analyze the electronic behavior of structural defects at a high spatial resolution and at the same time their nature (structure, chemistry).
- a NaF precursor sample grown on a NaF layer on top of the Mo - Na barrier - glass structure; as a consequence the absorber layer contains Na from the NaF precursor source (VOC≈590mV).

PLLA/HA Electrospin Hybrid Nanofiber Scaffolds: Morphology, In Vitro Degradation and Cell Culture Potential Min-li Zhao1 , Gang Sui1, Xu-liang Deng 2,b Ji-gui Lu3 , Seung-Kon Ryu3 and Xiao-ping Yang1,a 1 The Key Laboratory of Beijing City on Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer, Beijing University of Chemistry and Technology, Beijing, 100029, China 2 School and hospital of stomatology, Peking university, Beijing 100081, China 3 Department of Chemical Engineering ,Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea a yangxp@mail.buct.edu.cn, bdengxuliang@hotmail.com Keywords: PLLA/HA nanofibers, Electrospinning, Scaffolds Abstract.
The topology of these electrospun scaffolds closely mimics the fibrillar structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and the cell attachment and proliferation are enhanced on nano-structure scaffold than macro or micro-structure scaffold [4,5].

Introduction One of the major world tendencies in the development of engineering industry is technological development and creation of high-tech materials that able to have the necessary physical, mechanical and chemical properties and, as a rule, having a certain structure.
As a result of the machining process of the porous metal-ceramic materials, the structure of the porous ceramic-metal and the character of the tightening pores are respectively shown in fig 1 and fig 2.
Structure of bronzegraphite (х50).
Interuniversity collection of scientific papers “Physic, chemistry and mechanic tribosystem” Ivanovo state university.

The important modification that is done by alkaline treatment is the disruption of hydrogen bonding in the network structure, thereby increasing surface roughness.
A challenge of reinforcement is to provide a constant structure by using natural fiber.
According to the result, it can be concluded that woven structure exhibited excellent mechanical behaviour under tensile, flexural, and impact loading compare to non-woven composite.
Changes in Kenaf Properties and Chemistry as a Function of rowing Time In: Kenaf Properties, Processing and Products, Mississippi State University.

Probably one of the reasons to explain the present situation is because, until recently, electric properties of grain boundaries which strongly depend on grain boundary character/structure and chemistry [1], have not been fully studied.
For this purpose, basic knowledge of structure-dependent grain boundary properties is indispensable.
It is evident that the vertical section shows more equiaxed grain structure but the longitudinal section shows elongated grain structure along the direction of unidirectional growth with some deviations in the outer region near crucible.
It is oly a measure of the density of grain boundaries in a polycrystal, under a assumption of the presence of ideally homogeneous grain structure without any difference of grain boundary character and structure between grain boundaries.
DGBD is very useful in connection with GBCD for understanding bulk structure-dependent grain boundary resistivity of polysilicon.

As seen in Fig.6, the XRD patterns of all the CLDH after fluoride adsorption regained the characteristic reflections of the hydrotalcite structure and verified the re-construction of the layered double hydroxides structure of the materials during fluoride adsorption from the aqueous solutions.
From the SEM image of CLDH after sorption of fluoride, the original layered structure of CMAF-0 and CMAF-2 was found partly regenerated.
The appearance of the layers also verified the rebuilding of the original layered structure by incorporating anions into the collapsed layer structure and this is in accordance with the XRD results.
However, the layer structure of CMAF-0 after fluoride sorption is more obvious and clearer than that of CMAF-2, indicating that doped iron is unfavorable to the regeneration of original layered structure for CLDH.
[4] Alain Tressaud (Ed.), Archaeology, Green Chemistry & Water, vol. 2, Elsevier, 2006

The HF membrane structure was analysed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the membrane morphology.
The results show the fabricated HF membrane has a finger like-sponge sandwich structure morphology.
This very large surface area is due to its pore structure.
SEM analysis aims to determine the morphological structure of the membrane surface.
The finger like pore structure as shown in Fig. 5.

Effect of Particle Size on Structure and Dielectric Properties of 0-3 PMN/EP Composite Minxian Shi 1, a, Zhixiong Huang 1,b, Yan Qin 1,c, Huimin He 1,d 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P.R.
Dong, et al.: Journal of Materials Chemistry Vol.19(2009),p. 2817