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Wear properties of samples were discussed by tacking various wear testing data. 1.
Introduction Since speedup of train and reduction of cost to maintain the electric correcting system are strongly required in recent railway operation, studies on the carbon based contact strip materials and their wear phenomena become one of the important topics in the field of high-speed electric railways [1-3].
Ws = a E b Using data from the present investigation, coefficients a and b were calculated and listed in Table 3 for each wear condition.

Combined with the data from a hot strip factory, the elastic deformation of the HOFC work roll was analyzed following the influence coefficient method.
Original data.
(2) The curve can get quality products without modifying the primary equipments significantly and this practice accord with the pursuit of energy conservation and cost reduction

The dynamic simulation of the drilling process of carbon fiber reinforced plastics is carry on, which based on the elastic-plastic theory of material deformation and the thermal coupling theory, obtaining continuous drilling force and torque data.
In this paper, establishing CFRP finite element model using finite element analysis software Abaqus, and dynamic simulation of carbon fiber composite material in the drilling process, obtained continuous cutting chip, drilling force and torque and other data, for selecting the reasonable cutting parameters and the development of appropriate processing technology provide the main basis, to the further use of finite element method research the carbon fiber reinforced composite material machining foundation. 2 Simulating of drilling CFRP with Abaqus 2.1 establishing CFRP finite element model The workpiece is a square laminated composite that imitate from the actual drilling process model in the drilling simulation, which length and width is 40mm and the thickness is 4.5mm, there has a mounting hole in each corner at the workpiece which diameter is 5mm.
Because at every hole arc at least distribute of four two unit, so around the hole using relatively fine mesh, and using 20 node hexahedron reduction unit ( R3D20R ) in the hole in order to obtain more accurate results of stress.

Also, the field measurements were compared with theoretical calculations to validate the experimental data, and the results showed a good agreement with each other.
To complete one full-span aqueduct (10 m), three 3,300-mm long segments were cast and assembled—this method allows the reduction of production cost for molds and increases the vibrating efficiency.
The field measured data showed that the elongation of the joint between March 27, 2013 (the date the testing initiated) and August, 2, 2014 (the date the maximum temperature occurred) was 23.47 mm, which was observed at location 4 of Figure 5.

The proposed solution methodology is tested on a sample data set mimicking the real life situation and the results are found to be satisfactory.
The inclusion of cross-dock facility enhances the speed of delivery to customers, and reduction in transportation costs and time, in addition to the optimum logistics cost achieved by the flexible delivery modes.
The solution methodology can be applied to other data sets as well.

Heat exchanger fault simulation is conducted to generate performance degradation data, through which the proposed methods are validated.
Faults Symptom of fault Diagnostic strategy Leakage Sudden reduction of mass flow(or) monitor changes ofγ2 orγ4 Blocking Decrease of heat transfer coefficient(or) monitor changes of γ1 or γ3 Fouling Significant change of effective flow area (or) monitor changes of γ2 or γ4 Fig. 3 The process of the methodology Headings Methodology Procedures of the Methodology.
Simulation Results and Discussion In this section, the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis method is thoroughly studied through simulated data from the cross-flow heat exchanger in case the flight altitude is 2 km.

The analysis in this paper is mainly based on the measured data of the collector area key design parameters such as average daily water use, water temperature, the thermal collection efficiency, water tank and pipeline heat loss and other parameters, as well as the problem found in the test of the construction and operation control , put forward reasonable suggestions for energy saving potential, provide reference for the centralized solar hot water system design and operation in future.
Therefore, the design value of daily hot water consumption should be selected base on the average daily amount, adopt proportional coefficient reduction method for the highest daily hot water quota should be more reasonable.
In the design, due to the different engineering pipeline with different length, and selection of insulation materials and thermal insulation properties are different, the heat loss value are different, so take the heat loss value should according to the actual testing data results of the equipment and piping insulation.
The original design requires is basic realization of automatic control to the heat pump system, but in the actual found that, operation people according to the cold and heat data of the system judge the switching in various work conditions and the pump starting or stopping, not fully automatic operation control, if operational errors appear such as operation switch valve and the water pump, cooling water pump, chilled water pump start and stop, it would cause unnecessary waste of energy.
According to the measured data, the collector area calculation result often bigger if in accordance with the norm

The mobile station not only collects data from reference station through the data chain, but also gathers the GPS observation data, and composes the differential observations in system to perform real-time processing.
The mobile station not only collects data from reference station through the data chain, but also gathers the GPS observation data, and composes the differential observations in system to perform real-time processing.
Processing of GPS measurement data Data processing is consisted of data reduction, checking, adjustment and representation of results.
These tasks were computer-aided and thus the logged data had to be downloaded from the internal memory from a data collector into a personal computer.
Therefore, in the survey of discontinuity traces, using the GPS-RTK technology to collect field data, edit spatial data.

The framework incorporated HLCCM is proposed in cloud computing based collaborative design environment and allows users to estimate the product data and other related information on a wide variety of application.
The product attributes strongly correlated with LCC factors are chosen as learning data in the HLCCM.
The cost factors considered would depend on the stage in which we want to use the model, the kind of information to be extracted from the model, the data available as input to the model and the product being designed.
Table 3: The predicted LCC results with 200 sample data using the HLCCS (MAPE) Conventional ANN HLCCS Training Validation Training Validation Life cycle energy cost 19.32% 28.51% 11.13% 16.17% Maintenance cost 7.14% 11.17% 4.27% 7.02% Average 13.23% 19.84% 7.70% 11.60% In Table 3, the HLCCM has higher prediction accuracy than BPNN for the validation data.
This distributed modeling paradigm is very different from centralized data repositories where users conform to a single standard and are required to check in on a regular basis to make sure their models are updated.

The welding parameters such as arc current and voltage were captured by using data logger and the stick-slip effect was analyzed.
The influence of stick-slip effect on welding is observed in the arc waveforms plotted from the data obtained from the data logger.
Welding Parameters kept constant Wire Feed Speed 7.7 m/min Travel Speed 0.7 m/min Arc Length 2 mm Stick Out Distance 10 mm Shielding Gas Ar 80%+CO2 20% Gas Flow Rate 18 litre per minute TVC data logger The Validation Center (TVC) data logger is an system which is able to record and analyse the welding parameters.
Using TVC data logger, though there were enough parameters which can be measured and analysed like temperature, gas flow rate, travel speed etc., for analysis the voltage, currrent and wire feed speed were sufficient.
Arc waveforms After getting the transient data of arc voltage, current and wire feed speed, the arc waveforms are plotted.