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At the present time, as the steam conditions and capability of the supercritical power unit increasing, the unit reliability is an important factor for the unit efficiency.
Introduction At present time, high chromium heat resisting steels have been widely used in power plants because of their excellent mechanical properties.
Table 1 Welding parameters Pass Current, A Voltage, V Welding speed, mm/min Heater current, A Argon flux, L/min Type of welding wire 1 230 14 100 10 20 AWS-5.28 ER90S-B9φ1.0mm 2 230 14 400 40 3 230 14 380 38 0 5 10 15 20 0 200 400 600 800 <100 ℃ <100 ℃ Temperature ( ℃ ) Time (h) 750±20 ℃ Room temperature PW HT Fig.3 PWHT procedure Material properties and welding heat resource model.
At the tube weld joint, the reference line was made along the tube wall thickness of weld metal (WM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ).
FE creep damage analyses were performed for the tube using Eqs. (1) to (4) and the material properties [8].

INTRODUCTION Structural reliability of composite materials can be strongly affected by the fracture toughness of interface between two constituents.
The failure of interface is inherently a mixed mode problem, particularly when crack is constrained to grow along the interface because of the mismatch of material properties across the interface.
Material properties used in analysis are listed in Table 1.
Material properties Material Young’s Modulus E(GPa) Poisson’s ratio � Epoxy 1.97 0.33 Glass 68.95 0.20 Dundur’s Parameter : � = -0.9402772 � = -0.2349565 Bimaterial constant : �= 0.07621267 +u 10 10 a ,µ2 2� 150 NC O D �µ ,1 1 r � X2 o G LASS U nit (m m ) EPO XY o+v 1X Fig.1.
Once the complex stress intensity factors were found, Eq.3 and Eq.4 were used to determine mixed mode interfacial fracture parameters, such as mode mix, �, critical energy release rate, CG , during crack initiation.

Besides, we remind that the final quenching of the sword affects the phase distribution, in terms of martensite and bainite concentration, along the blade cross section.
Results The complementary results obtained from the INES and ENGIN-X measurements allow us to give a clear picture of many factors concerning the samples.
The typical corrosion products, and the apparent anomalies in what would be expected from the ideal Fe-C phase spatial distribution, give information on the conservation status in terms of environmental factors and polishing.
As regards the stress and strain data, the following properties have been analyzed: a) the strain level for axial, transversal and normal directions, using the lattice parameter value measured in the tang as a reference; b) the full width at half maximum of the 211 Bragg peak for axial, transversal and normal directions; c) the ratio between the Lorentzian and Gaussian components of the 211 peak.
A full map of all these properties has been compiled for both the blades.

Because special landform, geological conditions in Loess donga, the route strike the ditch most；because subgrade occupies long and narrow channel of natural form, which makes the subgrade often not only drain difficultly, but also is affected by mountain extraneous water on both sides .
Therefore, subgrade underground drainage design is mainly underground trench flow calculation, and filter layer material and design affect seepage flow calculations, thus affecting the reliability of flow calculation.
The number of filter layer is mainly decided by two factors: the first is the size of lower drainage layer, the second is each layer thickness.
General provisions, artificially construction Tmin≥20cm, mechanical construction Tmin≥3m.
According to the type of filter layer, protected soil property and seepage damage form, corresponding design method is selected. （3）to design the first filter layer.

However, it is known that thermally modified wood may exhibit different degrees of resistance to termites, according to the wood product and heat treatment technique, among other factors (Unsal et al., 2009; Oliver-Villanueva et al., 2013; Brito et al., 2020), but is generally recognised as low (Salman et al., 2017). 2 COMBINED CHEMICAL AND THERMAL TREATMENT OF WOOD In order to improve the properties of thermally modified wood, there have been attempts to integrate chemical modification methods.
Improvement of mechanical properties of thermally modified hardwood through melamine treatment.
Thermal modification of wax-impregnated wood to enhance its physical, mechanical, and biological properties.
Changes in dimensional stability and mechanical properties of Eucalyptus pellita by melamine–urea–formaldehyde resin impregnation and heat treatment.
Effect of moderate temperature thermal modification combined with wax impregnation on wood properties.

Though, especially the interface quality of a hybrid joint is a crucial factor, which determines the overall quality of such lightweight structures.
This paper focuses on certain polymeric materials and their processing conditions on the adhesion properties in combination with differently pre-treated aluminum sheets [5].
Aluminum surface quality Properties Unit unstructured laser structured Ra [µm] 0.15 0.32 Rz [µm] 0.34 1.01 Measurement length [µm] 830.00 830.00 Surface profile length [µm] 831.21 832.88 Lstructured - Lunstructured [µm] 1.68 [%] 0.20 Fig. 5: Average surface profile of unstructured and laser structured aluminum sheets Mechanical properties of the tensile test samples.
Tensile strength Strain at tensile strength [MPa] [%] TPE-U 279.40±5.89 433.20±7.28 PE-mod 078.88±5.59 369.50±2.15 TPE-S-mod 022.98±0.94 093.66±2.16 Fig. 6: Stress vs strain curve as well as tensile strength and strain at tensile strength for tensile test samples made from the different investigated polymeric materials Mechanical properties of the double-lap joints.
It might be that the lasered groove depth was too low to cause severe mechanical interlocking [6].

Introduction The control of the morphology and size of Si phase in Al-Si casting alloy has become the most important factor for deciding the characteristics of the alloy.
In this research, an electromagnetic vibration was applied to a solidifying Al-Si-Mg alloy and then the morphology and size of eutectic Si phase were observed and mechanical properties were measured.
A tensile test was carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of the specimen at room temperature by using the specimen of ASTM E8M standard size.
As the results of tensile test in Fig. 4, the UTS and elongation was enhanced to around 47% from 126.5MPa to 186.9MPa and to 8.5 times from 1% to 8.5%, respectively, as increasing the frequency. 7.743 6.385 2.949 1.763 0.973 0.853 0.837 7.743 5.712 2.469 0.985 0.894 0.822 0.798 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 As-cast 60 200 300 500 700 1000 Frequency(Hz) Diameter( � �� � ) 4.2E5A/ � 1.05E6A/ � Fig. 3 Mean size of the eutectic Si phase with a different frequency and current density 126.51 134.89 136.92 171.85 173.08 180.93 186.93 1.00 2.00 2.56 4.81 5.50 8.05 8.50 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Ascast 60 200 300 500 700 1000 Frequency(Hz) UTS(MPa) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Elongation(%) UTS Elongation Fig. 4 Variation of the mechanical properties as a function of the frequency It has been well known that the transformation of unmodified flake to modified fibrous structure arises from a very different type
The mechanical properties of electromagnetically vibrated alloy were increased as increasing the frequency due to the fine size and modification of eutectic Si phase.

The SG grinding wheel is found to possess particularly good grinding properties and is more suitable for grinding titanium alloy when compared with conventional abrasive tools.
Introduction Titanium alloys have been widely used in aeronautics and astronautics industry owing to their unique combinations of properties such as favorable mechanical strength, excellent heat-resistant and erosive-resistant, better low-temperature flexibility and especially high specific strength.
Unfortunately, the unique physical and chemical properties that make these alloys suitable for aeroengine blades also contribute to the difficulty with which they are cut or ground.
The measurement of grinding force components is highly essential to analyze more effectively the grindability factors of titanium alloys.
Grinding-wheel wear affects the size precision and the surface roughness of the workpiece.

The microstructure of fusion zone and heat affected zone is shown in Fig. 3.
Heat affected zone microstructure Liquation cracking is shown in the heat affected zone (Fig. 5).
Liquation in heat affected zone 3.3.
Knowing that the creation of large fusion area may result in reducing the mechanical properties of the weld, the use of high voltages is not recommended.
Penetration depth of weld pool is determined by heat power density factor.

This includes green and organic personal care products which have become more appealing in influencing consumer’s purchase rather than other factors [1, 4].
This was to ensure the required end product consistency by assessing mixture flow properties and color [6].
The final equation in terms of coded factors is given as: Y (mg/g) = 615.43 + 54.26A + 43.54B + 30.94C.
Texture profile analysis is a double compression test and showed the consistencies of texture properties.
Muhamad, The usage of cosmetic in Malaysia: understanding the major factors that affect users, Manag. 7(1) (2017) 48-51