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Online since: March 2015
Authors: Hua Long Zhang, Er Hong Zhang
Non-rotational symmetry of the optical surface structure is extremely unique, you can simplify the system structure, reducing the number and size of the lens, improving the performance and quality to new product design and enormous potential, attracted more and more attention.
Due to the relatively high single-crystal diamond hardness, wear better and sharp blade, it is widely used in precision or ultra-precision machining, but the cost is very high natural single crystal diamond, now with synthetic diamond grains are constantly fine technology, the strength continues to improve, the industry has been widely used as a synthetic single crystal diamond precision or ultra-precision machining of tool material.
In using the spiral track on the NRS surface machining, since cutting away from outside to inside, with the advance, the position of the cutting tool edge radius of curvature where the smaller cutting tool increasing arc length of weekly working short, the number of points needed less and less.
Therefore, after the use of the law of discrete angles were improved, the resulting discrete points is reduced with decreasing radius, thus greatly reducing the number of points at the center, so that a consistent quality of the surface processing, shown in Fig.5 is a modified discrete points on a projection tool XOY surface distribution.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Wei Xin Ling, Ling Ling
In whole image the pixel number with value is , and the statistical values of color pixel of whole image, , , , are called as the color histogram, expressed by H (, , ).
Let the feature vector of goal image histogram be and that of image histogram in image database be , where the histograms are all the proportional values of normalization and L is the dimensional number of HSV histogram vector.
The AgWC picture in Fig. 1 is a query image, the others are the returned 3 images, which are displayed in the light of the gradually reducing sequence of correlation coefficients, and the numbers at the top of the images are the correlation coefficients between the returned and inquired images.
Also we may use the grain and shape features and objective property of images to perform retrieve or query of synthetical concept, so as to obtain the retrieval results of satisfaction.
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Sahbudin Shaari, Huda Abdullah, Noor Azwen Noor Azmy, Norshafadzila Mohammad Naim, Aidil Abdul Hamid, Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mokhtar
One of the major advantages of using polymers for biosensing is due to their large surface area, allowing a greater number of biomolecules to be immobilized and this consequently increases the number of reaction sites available for interaction with a target species.
The crystallite sizes or grain sizes of the thin film samples were calculated using Debye- Scherrer’s equation, D= 0.94 λβcosθ (1) where, D is the crystallite size, λ is x-ray wavelength (1.5406 Å), β is full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the observed peak and θ is the diffraction angle.
The decreased in roughness can be excused due to the number of voids decreases excessive due to the combination of the voids with each other after irradiation process.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Ting Jun Li, Lian Sheng Wang, Tao Sun, Zhi Yong Liu, Xiao Dong Sun
The information object can be selected from the CSBD with a catalog or search mode to meet the specific needs of the user through the data module code (Data Module Code, DMC), information control code (Information Control Number, ICN), the type of information and other metadata information.
Each object is assigned an Information Control Number (ICN).
Information control code is structured identifiers composed of numbers, letters and other characters.
The native XML database also has some defects, such as lack of fine-grained data processing ability, not suitable for processing the XML document that data is centralized.
Online since: April 2019
Authors: Duangrudee Chaysuwan, Thammaros Pantongsuk, Jaroon Junsomboon, Raphat Tanasalagul, Thapanee Srichumpong, Wichit Prakaypan
For other formulas with zeolite, it was seen that when the percentage of zeolite was increased, the number of crystals or grains of ettringite (short needle-like) and mullite (long needle-like) [15] are more.
However, all formulas were observed C-S-H gel and crystals of mullite and ettringite and this research SZ 0.5 presented the highest compressive strength, it might be confirmed that the higher number of ettringite crystals affected the better results of strength of specimens rather than the mullite crystals.
Moreover, SEM analysis of cement mortars was obviously observed that the percentage of zeolite was higher, the number of crystals increased and SZ 0.5 presented the best result with full of crystals and gel of C-S-H with less porosity and good packing property. 5.
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Madhav Murthy, S. Srinivas, H.V. Prajwal, Wasif Mumtaz Wani
The AWJM consists of different input parameters such as standoff distance, water jet pressure, abrasive flow rate, grain size, traverse speed etc. based on this output responses such as taper, kerf width and surface roughness of the composite are to be studied to have optimized process on cutting.
Using grey relation analysis optimal machining combination is identified [7-9].To know the formation of delamination SEM technologies have been utilized, so that it is easy to study the mechanism of formation of delamination [10].Generally kerf width at top is more in number than bottom kerf [11].
As the feed rate is increased, least number of abrasives takes part in cutting action.
Mass Flow Rate: From the main effect plot shown in figure. 3b, as the large number of abrasive particles indulges in cutting, tends to have proportional increase in depth of cut.
Online since: June 2025
Authors: Kenjiro Sugio, Gen Sasaki, Chisato Indo
The resistance coefficient is a function of the particle Reynolds number Rep and is expressed as follows in the Stokes region.
CD=24Rep#2 In addition, the particle Reynolds number Rep is defined as the ratio ma⁄τA of the inertial force ma of the fluid around the particle and the viscous force τA of the fluid around the particle.
Therefore, the particle Reynolds number Rep is expressed by the following equation.
The ingot was quenched 12 (a) and 27 (b) sec. after stirring To fabricate composites with a clear gradient distribution, sedimentation experiments were carried out using fine-grained Al2O3 particles and by extending the sedimentation distance.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Chuan Zeng Pan, Zhen Sheng Qu, Quan Yang, Xue Gang Huang, Long Zhang, Zhong Min Zhao
However, in many cases, impurities and amorphous phases often exist at the grain boundaries, which extremely deteriorate the high-temperature strength and creep resistance.
In the inter-colony regions a large number of Si, O and a few of Al, Cr atoms were examined by EDS, and it is considered the glass phase mainly consisting of SiO2 is distributed at inter-colony regions.
SEM images showed that the ceramic matrix of Al2O3/40% and 44% ZrO2 (4Y) were comprised of a large number of sphere-like ZrO2 crystals and a few of ZrO2 dendrites, whereas α-Al2O3 platelets, glass phase and a few of eutectics were distributed in between ZrO2 crystals, as shown in Fig. 2.
As discussed above, due to high compressive residual stresses in the colony matrix and a large number of low-energy hetero-phase interfaces [6, 7], the eutectic colony has high fracture strength.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Xiu Lan Li, You Ping Ma, Lei Yang
Table 1 Chemical compositions of specimens (Weight %) Number C% Cr% Si% Mn% P% S% No.1 2.42 14.87 0.48 0.71 <0.03 <0.03 No.2 2.63 15.32 0.44 0.79 <0.03 <0.03 No.3 2.81 14.68 0.39 0.84 <0.03 <0.03 No.4 3.20 15.24 0.46 0.69 <0.03 <0.03 Results and discussion The microstructure changes of the high chromium white cast iron with different amounts of carbon are illustrated in Fig.1 - Fig.4.
Fig.1 Microscopic structure of specimen No.1 Fig.2 Microscopic structure of specimen No.2 Fig.3 Microscopic structure of specimen No.3 Fig.4 Microscopic structure of specimen No.4 Table 2 Constitution of structure and HRC of specimens (A and M represent austenite and martensite, respectively) Number Constitution of structure(volume fraction) HRC Microscopic structure Fig.1 77.67%A+22.33%eutectic carbides 45 Structure of matrix is austenite Fig.2 71.50%A+27%eutectic carbides +1%M 51 A little of austenitic transmutation product with a finite thickness which is martensite appears around some austenite, which is different from Fig.1 Fig.3 33.67%A+30%eutectic carbides+25%~30%M 55 Most austenite has transformed into martenite,and about 40% retained austenite.
Which caused a lowering of the Ms point and made abundant austenite preserve to room temperature. one austenite grain with divided equally into seven points in specimen No.2 was selected and performed energy spectrum analysis, According to compositions of these seven points, the distribution of carbon and chromium concentration curve was described in Fig.5.
Fig.5 The distribution of carbon and chromium concentration curve in specimen No.2 Table 3 Average contents (wt %) and microhardness of austenite Number C% Cr% Si% Fe% Microhardness (HV100g) No.1 2.79 10.00 0.40 86.81 368.5 No.2 3.33 9.10 0.48 87.09 429.5 No.3 2.79 8.52 0.43 88.26 501.4 Supersaturated carbon in primary austenite may combine with iron and chromium atoms and form secondary carbides during solidification, the precipitation of secondary carbides leaded to deterioration of primary austenite stability.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Marek Jašek, Jiri Brozovsky
Fiber reinforced strain hardening cementitious composite is very deformable fine-grained concrete with the matrix based on Portland cement reinforced with short fibers.
The number of micro cracks increases during another load, but the width of each of micro cracks is not increasing, and remains stable at 60 μm [1] until the time when one of the multiple cracking fails by fracture.
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