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However, because of environmental implication and construction quality, there is often disconnection phenomenon between mortar finishing layer and main reinforced concrete structure, and the disconnection area is gradually increasing under rain,wind and earthquake as time goes on.
Mortar is finally stripped and fall off the main structure, which brings about potential safety hazard.
When structure or material has internal defects, its surface temperature will be influenced by external heat source, because the performance of heat conduction in defect position is different from other locations.
Beijing: Infrared detection technology (Chemistry Industry Press, China 2006)

Response of Osteoporotic Jaw Bone to Implantation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics Supplemented with Autologous Mesenchymal Cells Aleksandrs Grisulonoks1a*, Inese Cakstina2b, Arnis Abolins3c, Janis Locs4d, Andrejs Skagers1e, Ilze Salma1f, Girts Salms1g and Vadims Klimecs1h 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Riga Stradins University, Latvia 2Laboratory of Biodosimetry and Bioanalitical Methods, University of Latvia, Latvia 3Department of Pathology, Riga Stradins University, Latvia 4 Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Latvia a*aleksandrs.gr@gmail.com, binese.cakstina@gmail.com, cjanis.locs@rtu.lv, dArnis.Abolins@rsu.lv, eAndrejs.Skagers@rsu.lv, fsalma.ilze@gmail.com, gGirts.Salms@rsu.lv, hvadimklimec@inbox.lv Keywords: Biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics, experimental osteoporosis, mesenchymal cells
Granules have macroporous structure with pore size 50 – 450 μm.
Morphometric data of bone structures around the defect of jaw without and after filling with HAp/TCP 90/10 granules and autologous fat – derived mesenchimal cells Discussion On experimental animals for local influence on osteoporosis were evaluated two factors - implantation of synthetic BCP biomaterials (HAp/TCP) and addition of ASC cells.
For implant stability in osteoporotic bone important is that Coll-I in implantation area have a tendency to form superior trabecular bone structure with better osteoinduction around the implants and higher implant secondary stabilization, through the phenomenon of contact osteogenesis [13].

In addition to TiO2, Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) was preferred as the incorporation vector between textile substrate and TiO2 to increase the binding effect of TiO2 by encapsulating them into the porous structure of it.
One of the most important aspects to consider when studying these textile structures is durability of their treatment.
Conclusion During this study, the TiO2 P25® was doped with Ag to obtain a photocatalytic activity under visible light and CMC was used as the incorporation vector to increase the binding effect of TiO2 by encapsulating them into its porous structure.
Özacar, “Photocatalytic efficiencies of Ni, Mn, Fe and Ag doped ZnO nanostructures synthesized by hydrothermal method: The synergistic/antagonistic effect between ZnO and metals”, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, vol. 341, 2017, pp 39–50

As a kind of clay mineral, vermiculite has special layer structure that holds ions to maintain electrical neutrality.
Fig. 1 (a) proves that vermiculite is regular lamellar structure, but the layer spacing is very different.
It also maintains the layered structure.
Institute of Nulear Physics and Chemistry.

The fibers differ from each other in their chemical composition, properties, and structure.
The structure and properties of non-woven materials, the possibility of their use as a filtration material, membranes are studied.
Konkin, Fundamentals of chemical fiber technology, second ed., Chemistry, Moscow, 1985
Wegner, Investigation of the structure of solution grown crystals of lactide copolymers by means of chemical reactions, Colloid Polym.

Introduction Fe-based nanocrystalline alloys Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 have been applied to magnetic components such as choke coils, saturable reactors and so on because they have superior soft magnetic properties, which are closely related to ultrafine grains structure composed of bcc Fe solid solution in the amorphous matrix. [1-5] Nanocrystalline Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 is generally prepared by traditional furnace annealing [6, 7] or Joule annealing [8].
It turned out to be α-Fe (Si) phase with a bcc structure in the amorphous matrix, and as indicated in fig. 2, the three peaks were corresponding to crystal planes (110), (200) and (211), though a little variation in peak values existed between lasers irradiated specimens with different power.
As indicated in diffraction pictures, the grains after laser irradiation (95w) mainly presented in a bcc α-Fe (Si) structure, which was consistent with XRD results above.
B51(1995), p. 841 [15] Anna Sypien, Jan Kusinski, E.Chris Nelson: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol.81 (2003), p.390 [16] G.

Other documents represent that other domestic underground concrete structure works, such as subway, highway tunnels, underground civil air defense, water conservancy tunnels, submarine and river tunnels, basements, etc. also have seepage problem.
The CCCW material also has good waterproofing effect even on cracks formed on structures due to load and environment action conditions.
Cement Chemistry. 2rd ed.
Concrete Structures, Properties and Materials, Shanghai: Tongji University Press, 1991(In Chinese) [8] Corina-Maria Aldea and etc.

Improvement on the Technique for Production of Alkaline Battery Seal Ring Jiamin Zhang 1, a, Yuewen Li 2,b and Wenqing Zhao3,c 1 School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003 , China 2Hunan Vocational College of Science & Technology, Changsha 410004, China 3 Xinxiang Aviation Industry (group) YUANLONG Aviation Equipment Ltd Co.
The determination of barrel temperature is related to molded parts and mould structure, at the same time, related to the selection of types of injection machine and other technology conditions.
The size of the injection pressure is related to plastic property, the parts’ structural features, accuracy requirement, nozzle structure, sprue dimensions and type of injection molding machine.
The choice of holding pressure is influenced by structure characteristics of the parts.

Van Poucke Laboratory of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, IMO, Limburgs Universitair Centrum, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium Keywords: PMN, perovskite, pyrochlore, aqueous solution-gel, thermal shock.
Evaporation of the water resulted in an amorphous gel, which was converted into the oxide phase by thermal decomposition of the gel structure.
In the so-called columbite precursor method [5], a traditional solid-state synthesis route for PMN, the formation of the pyrochlore is bypassed through the synthesis of MgNb2O6 (columbite), which has a structure similar to the perovskite PMN, and reacting it subsequently with PbO.
In the three dimensional gel structure, the metal-carboxylate complexes are crosslinked by ammonium-carboxylate bonds, hydrogen bonds and bridging carboxylate ligands [14].

Pitch Carbon Fiber Melt Spinning Diameter Stabilization Method Based on Radial Basis Function Neural Network Jumei YUAN1,a, Yuxiao SHEN1,b, Bin LIU1,c, Min ZHOU1,d, Junqing LIU2,e 1 Department of Automation, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan Shanxi, China 2 Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan Shanxi, China ayuanjm2005@126.com, bshenyx79@163.com, cliubinfly1@sina.com,dzhoumin9401@163.com,eliujunqing1986@163.com Keywords: Radial basis function neural network; Pitch carbon fiber; Melt-spinning Wire diameter; Stabilization Abstract.
In asphalt melt-spinning process, its very nature is critical to obtain high-quality mesophase pitch fiber, which decided the carbon graphite resistance preferred orientation of difficulty, and decided by the types of raw materials and structure.
In addition, temperature, pressure, spinneret hole size, shape, winding speed, especially control of craft conditions such as flow of heat asphalt when the reactor melt-spinning process have significant impact for mesophase pitch fiber macro-and micro-structures, and ultimately affect the mesophase pitch carbon fiber quality.
RBFNN principle and structure[4] RBFNN is composed of three layers, namely input layer, hidden layer and output layer.