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Online since: November 2015
Authors: Paryanto Paryanto, Matthias Brossog, Jörg Franke, Alexander Hetzner
Thus, the energy consumption reduction of IRs would promote the development of energy-efficient HSs.
Therefore, recent researches on IRs are mainly focused on the energy consumption reduction, which is done either by experimental or simulation investigation [1-4].
Inertia tensor and geometric data was extracted from the CAD model.
Having simulated data and therefore and in-depth insight into the system, those oscillation phenomena can be made visible at the actual revolute joint torques.
Therefore, recent researches on IRs are mainly focused on the energy consumption reduction, which is done either by experimental or simulation investigation [1-4].
Inertia tensor and geometric data was extracted from the CAD model.
Having simulated data and therefore and in-depth insight into the system, those oscillation phenomena can be made visible at the actual revolute joint torques.
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Natalia N. Taskaeva, Tatyana K. Miroshnikova
The data of the table 1, 2 indicate a decrease in investments in fixed assets, including construction with the growth of regional GRP [12].
Now, the lack of real working capital, the possibility of attracting them, the lack of existing government programs to support the construction industry lead to the threat of bankruptcy of a number of construction organizations, causes the need to suspend operations and leads to a reduction in construction.
In 2017 in the province, according to preliminary data, 5696 apartments with a total area of 418,000 square meters. were built at the expense of all sources of financing. meters, which is 15% less than in 2016.
As a result, in the Primorye Territory there is an outflow of investment from the construction sector and a reduction in the volume of work done.
Now, the lack of real working capital, the possibility of attracting them, the lack of existing government programs to support the construction industry lead to the threat of bankruptcy of a number of construction organizations, causes the need to suspend operations and leads to a reduction in construction.
In 2017 in the province, according to preliminary data, 5696 apartments with a total area of 418,000 square meters. were built at the expense of all sources of financing. meters, which is 15% less than in 2016.
As a result, in the Primorye Territory there is an outflow of investment from the construction sector and a reduction in the volume of work done.
Online since: December 2008
Authors: Jochen Linke, C. García-Rosales, I. López-Galilea, Gerald Pintsuk
A pyrometer and an infrared scanner were used to provide
data on the resulting temperatures at the surface (Tsurf).
In contrast, a significant reduction of particle emission takes place under the same shot conditions for the Ti-doped graphites, both with Si (ATS) and without Si (AT1 and AT2), and only medium and small dust particles were detected.
The differences between the doped graphites seem not to be relevant, taking into account the scatter of the data in figure 2.
This explains that the strong reduction of brittle destruction und high thermal shock loads.
In contrast, a significant reduction of particle emission takes place under the same shot conditions for the Ti-doped graphites, both with Si (ATS) and without Si (AT1 and AT2), and only medium and small dust particles were detected.
The differences between the doped graphites seem not to be relevant, taking into account the scatter of the data in figure 2.
This explains that the strong reduction of brittle destruction und high thermal shock loads.
Online since: April 2012
Authors: Suzana Yusup, Sohail Ahmed, Anita Ramli
Sayari and Yang [14] have reported that decrease in d-spacing is representing a significant reduction in pore size.
The data obtained from N2 adsorption-desorption of mesoporous materials is shown in Table 2.
From the N2 adsorption-desorption data, it was found that as the synthesis duration increased from 2 to 10 days, pore size and pore volume decreased.
This reduction in wall thickness was suggested due to contraction of bonding atoms due to longer heating time.
The data obtained from N2 adsorption-desorption of mesoporous materials is shown in Table 2.
From the N2 adsorption-desorption data, it was found that as the synthesis duration increased from 2 to 10 days, pore size and pore volume decreased.
This reduction in wall thickness was suggested due to contraction of bonding atoms due to longer heating time.
Online since: September 2007
Authors: Takeshi Ohshima, Gerhard Pensl, Hisayoshi Itoh, Sergey A. Reshanov, Alexander Mattausch, Frank Schmid, M. Bockstedte, Oleg Pankratov, Heiko B. Weber
Åberg et al. [4] observed
a reduction of the free electron concentration in N-doped 4H-SiC epilayers after implantation of
different ion species.
A microscopic model for the N donor deactivation mechanism is proposed, which is based on our theoretical analysis taking into account the kinetic processes for the formation of N interstitial clusters and (N-vacancy)- complexes; this model is in full agreement with the experimental data.
The symbols in Fig. 1 correspond to the experimental data and the solid curves are least-squares-fits of the neutrality equation to the experimental points; for details of the fit procedure and for the material parameters used, see Ref. 6.
Annealing temperature Ta (°C) 200 500 800 1100 1400 1700 Defect concentration (cm-3) 1014 1015 4H-SiC E(e-)=200 keV Z1/Z2 P1 (a) (b)the observed deactivation of N donors and reduction of compensating intrinsic defects.
A microscopic model for the N donor deactivation mechanism is proposed, which is based on our theoretical analysis taking into account the kinetic processes for the formation of N interstitial clusters and (N-vacancy)- complexes; this model is in full agreement with the experimental data.
The symbols in Fig. 1 correspond to the experimental data and the solid curves are least-squares-fits of the neutrality equation to the experimental points; for details of the fit procedure and for the material parameters used, see Ref. 6.
Annealing temperature Ta (°C) 200 500 800 1100 1400 1700 Defect concentration (cm-3) 1014 1015 4H-SiC E(e-)=200 keV Z1/Z2 P1 (a) (b)the observed deactivation of N donors and reduction of compensating intrinsic defects.
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Markus Bambach, Gerhard Hirt, Holger Voswinckel
Tab. 1: Data sheet for mild steel DC04
Material: mild steel DC 04 (1.0338/ St14O3)
Mechanical Properties
Density
r
Yield strength
Rp0,2
Tensile strength
Rm
Elongation
A80
7,85 kg/dm²
140 - 210 N/mm²
270 - 350 N/mm
38 %
Chemical Composition (in weight %)
Element:
C
Mn
P
S
Max:
0,08
0,4
0,03
0,03
Incremental flanging
For the analysis of the technological potential of incremental flanging operations and to set up the general process window the influences of tool path strategies (I), flange length (II) and flange radii (III) are analysed with respect to material failure and flange geometry.
The major aspect therefore was to analyse not only the failures can be prevented but also if the bulge can be minimized by a reduction of the flange length.
In fact an extensive reduction of the bulge height for shorter flanges could be verified for the chosen parameters.
To analyse the limitations for incremental stretch and shrink flanging it is mandatory to gain experimental data with varying length and radii.
The major aspect therefore was to analyse not only the failures can be prevented but also if the bulge can be minimized by a reduction of the flange length.
In fact an extensive reduction of the bulge height for shorter flanges could be verified for the chosen parameters.
To analyse the limitations for incremental stretch and shrink flanging it is mandatory to gain experimental data with varying length and radii.
Online since: December 2024
Authors: Duangdao Aht-Ong, Rachan Lueangkrathok, Kamonwan Pacaphol
The data obtained from this study could be exploited to develop BNC film in various applications.
This result might be caused by the reduction of fiber length that randomly dispersed and the increase in suspension’s homogeneity between nanofibers and water medium (Figure 1(b)), leading to higher light scattering and less light transmittance.
DSC data in Table 1 show Tg, Tm (the melting of BNC crystalline phase), and Td of BNC samples after casting to be a film.
Additionally, the results implied that the decrease in the fiber’s diameter size did not result in mechanical property reduction since the fiber’s diameters of the BNC1.0-40 sample were smaller than others.
This result might be caused by the reduction of fiber length that randomly dispersed and the increase in suspension’s homogeneity between nanofibers and water medium (Figure 1(b)), leading to higher light scattering and less light transmittance.
DSC data in Table 1 show Tg, Tm (the melting of BNC crystalline phase), and Td of BNC samples after casting to be a film.
Additionally, the results implied that the decrease in the fiber’s diameter size did not result in mechanical property reduction since the fiber’s diameters of the BNC1.0-40 sample were smaller than others.
Online since: June 2016
Authors: Victor Egorov, Nguen Huang Manh, Andrey Nikolaevich Rementsov
Where:
- СprΣ - component determined by the costs of working and non-working posts in enterprises, as well as on buses staying at posts and in queue,
- Z1 - component determined by the movement of buss to a parent(main) enterprise for work on MTO /due to the loss of time and fuel/,
- Z2 - component determined by the difference between the moving buses (or removed units) to a parent(main) enterprise instead of having repairing work on its own enterprise / due to the loss of time and fuel/,
- Z3 - component, defined capital costs for the creation/upgrading of posts,
- Z4 - component defined by the reduction in the value of the stored spare parts /specific to the average time of turnover/,
νijl – the part of failures of type "j" from the company № i sent to the main company № l,
νilТО – the part of maintenance work from the company № i sent to the main company № l ,
nij – taken number of posts of «j»-th specialization on the enterprise № «i»,
nij0 – start number of posts of «j»-th
It was necessary to find a rational approach to certain assumptions to solve the above problems: - selecting those companies that will be considered as the main, they will be converted under the posts specialization and create new positions; - in the analysis and processing of statistical data on repair works at PTB in the enterprise network were defined some groups of TS work within which it is possible to allocate repair of complex and small.
Summary Using the above mathematical model of a network of public transportation enterprises, with the known data of the existing enterprises in Hanoi, we can get the following results: - Varying the values of parameters entering into the above model, we can determine the structure of the network and its member companies so as to obtain the minimum value of the cost for execution works on TS and maintenance of buses in all enterprises for the public transport network.
At the same time, the coefficient of readiness of bus fleet will rise, thus the buses job on the line will not be interrupted, which resulting in satisfaction of the urban population in the transportation and cost reduction (or increase the profit of the enterprises).
It was necessary to find a rational approach to certain assumptions to solve the above problems: - selecting those companies that will be considered as the main, they will be converted under the posts specialization and create new positions; - in the analysis and processing of statistical data on repair works at PTB in the enterprise network were defined some groups of TS work within which it is possible to allocate repair of complex and small.
Summary Using the above mathematical model of a network of public transportation enterprises, with the known data of the existing enterprises in Hanoi, we can get the following results: - Varying the values of parameters entering into the above model, we can determine the structure of the network and its member companies so as to obtain the minimum value of the cost for execution works on TS and maintenance of buses in all enterprises for the public transport network.
At the same time, the coefficient of readiness of bus fleet will rise, thus the buses job on the line will not be interrupted, which resulting in satisfaction of the urban population in the transportation and cost reduction (or increase the profit of the enterprises).
Online since: September 2021
Authors: Marina A. Akulova, Baizak R. Isakulov, Berikbay B. Kul’sharov, Abikhabir B. Isakulov, Alla G. Sokolova, Yulia A. Sokolova
Physical and chemical properties of cotton plant, its chemical composition and fractional make-up are determined by laboratory testing in compliance with the GOST 19222, GOST 25820-2000, as well as reference and literatory data [1 - 22].
5.
Therefore, the contraction process ovelapped the creep process that exacerbated the analysis of the experimental data.
Thus, if compared with porous lightweight concretes, creep of porous arbolit is significantly lower that leads to the reduction of creep deformation while maintaining the same stress level.
At the age of 28 days, the deformation curves are changed, there observed reduction of mortar fraction deformation due to the strength growth of sulfur-containing arbolit (fig. 2).
Therefore, the contraction process ovelapped the creep process that exacerbated the analysis of the experimental data.
Thus, if compared with porous lightweight concretes, creep of porous arbolit is significantly lower that leads to the reduction of creep deformation while maintaining the same stress level.
At the age of 28 days, the deformation curves are changed, there observed reduction of mortar fraction deformation due to the strength growth of sulfur-containing arbolit (fig. 2).
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Yong Zhi Yan, Xue Hong Ren
After the paper machine drying section completed the transformation, the actual operating cases that using adjustable steam jet heat pump Further improved the machine speed, machine production increased by 15% -20%, 10% reduction in steam consumption Per ton of paper.
Data was listed in the table 1 as follows.
quantitative Paper machine speed (m/min) Percentage improvement % Before transformation After transformation 200 g/m2 480 520 1.08 230 g/m2 430 500 1.16 250 g/m2 380 460 1.21 Table .1 The data of paper machine drying section transformation Conclusion Adjustable pump for the large cardboard drying of one factory applied example shows that using adjustable steam jet heat pump to replace the unadjustable steam jet heat pump in paper machine drying could ensure heat pump system operation efficiently and steadily, it overcame the shortcomings of the unadjustable heat pump,such as: deviating from there originally working condition, decreasing the jet coefficient and power capability, limiting the paper machine’s speed to increase in the adjustment process of the load change.
Data was listed in the table 1 as follows.
quantitative Paper machine speed (m/min) Percentage improvement % Before transformation After transformation 200 g/m2 480 520 1.08 230 g/m2 430 500 1.16 250 g/m2 380 460 1.21 Table .1 The data of paper machine drying section transformation Conclusion Adjustable pump for the large cardboard drying of one factory applied example shows that using adjustable steam jet heat pump to replace the unadjustable steam jet heat pump in paper machine drying could ensure heat pump system operation efficiently and steadily, it overcame the shortcomings of the unadjustable heat pump,such as: deviating from there originally working condition, decreasing the jet coefficient and power capability, limiting the paper machine’s speed to increase in the adjustment process of the load change.