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Online since: July 2012
Authors: Ling Li, Zu Hua Fang, Chun Wang, Ting Ting Hong, Jia Jia Li, Wen Lv, Ying Sun
Structure and Control Principle of ETCS
The research on electronic throttle [2,3,4] in this paper is Bosch DV-E5, which is composed of throttle valve, DC-motor, reduction gear, throttle position sensor(TPS) and return spring(Fig 1).
The Fig.6 shows a subprogram which is to control the electronic throttle, and its principle is that the sensor collects signals and send them to ECU, then ECU process the data by A/D conversion and PID controller.
The Fig.6 shows a subprogram which is to control the electronic throttle, and its principle is that the sensor collects signals and send them to ECU, then ECU process the data by A/D conversion and PID controller.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Jun Fang Wang, Chao Li, Dong Dong Wang
Puting the above parameters into equation (1), we get Tt:
The maximum rotational speed of wheel is
Setting the output rotational speed of motor , Selecting reducer transmission ratio , the wheel speed after reduction is , which meet the requirements of maximum speed of moving vehicle.
The output power of the motor: The output torque of the motor: Based on the above calculation, Data DC power is chosen.
The output power of the motor: The output torque of the motor: Based on the above calculation, Data DC power is chosen.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Jeong Min Kim, Young Ho Song, Won Seok Yang, Hee Taek Shin, Yeon Soo Koo, Dong Wook Lim, Joon Sik Park
However, the reported data are often not sufficient.
Fig. 2 Microstructures of (a) as-cast AZ31 alloy, (b) 6 hrs annealing at 380 °C, (c) 12 hrs annealing at 380 °C and (d) 18 hrs annealing at 380 °C Table I High temperature compressive strengths and yield strengths at various temperatures annealed for 6 hr, 12 hr and 18 hrs at 380 °C Fig. 3 Microstructures of the extruded bar (a) vertical direction (extrusion direction towards the paper Ä), (b) cross direction (extrusion direction towards right direction) Fig. 4 Tensile stress strain curves of (a) the as-cast and (b)extrude bar at room temperature Fig. 4 shows the stress strain curves of the as-cast and extruded bar with the reduction ratio of 80%.
Fig. 2 Microstructures of (a) as-cast AZ31 alloy, (b) 6 hrs annealing at 380 °C, (c) 12 hrs annealing at 380 °C and (d) 18 hrs annealing at 380 °C Table I High temperature compressive strengths and yield strengths at various temperatures annealed for 6 hr, 12 hr and 18 hrs at 380 °C Fig. 3 Microstructures of the extruded bar (a) vertical direction (extrusion direction towards the paper Ä), (b) cross direction (extrusion direction towards right direction) Fig. 4 Tensile stress strain curves of (a) the as-cast and (b)extrude bar at room temperature Fig. 4 shows the stress strain curves of the as-cast and extruded bar with the reduction ratio of 80%.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Karel Kubečka, Darja Kubečková, Pavel Vlček
An important part of the appraisal and market prices is depreciation, a reduction in price due to old age or a price increase due to rehabilitation, reconstruction or repair.
The finding is evident from the example: Table 1: Test-01 Expert 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 Expert 2 0 0 0 3 3 3 Expert 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 Expert 4 0 0 0 3 3 3 According to (3) we get the result: Table 2: Test-02 Expert 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 Expert 2 1 1 1 4 4 4 Expert 3 1 1 1 4 4 4 Expert 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 If 'move beginning ", it means that we use a different scale (Table 2) than that (Table 1), such as 1 ÷ 4, we obtain a logically consistent result by equation (4) For other data, such as additional objects, we obtain similar, but different evaluation resources, with the same (always the same) overall result Pck = 0.5.
The finding is evident from the example: Table 1: Test-01 Expert 1 0 0 0 3 3 3 Expert 2 0 0 0 3 3 3 Expert 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 Expert 4 0 0 0 3 3 3 According to (3) we get the result: Table 2: Test-02 Expert 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 Expert 2 1 1 1 4 4 4 Expert 3 1 1 1 4 4 4 Expert 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 If 'move beginning ", it means that we use a different scale (Table 2) than that (Table 1), such as 1 ÷ 4, we obtain a logically consistent result by equation (4) For other data, such as additional objects, we obtain similar, but different evaluation resources, with the same (always the same) overall result Pck = 0.5.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Guang Jun Li, Ling Bo Zheng
Introduction
The main requirement of the flywheel energy storage system in discharge link is stable output voltage; because of the continuous deceleration of the flywheel in the energy-releasing process and the continuous reduction of the voltage emitted by the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the change of the load also influences the voltage on the generator and then influences the voltage emitted by the generator; all those factors increase the difficulty of obtaining good and stable voltage output performance.
Through the data analysis, the voltage regulation rate and the output voltage ripple reach the design index and the power supply efficiency reaches 80%.
Through the data analysis, the voltage regulation rate and the output voltage ripple reach the design index and the power supply efficiency reaches 80%.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Jun Morimoto, Kimimori Hamada, Narumasa Soejima, Yukihiko Watanabe, Hidefumi Takaya, Jun Sakakibara, Toshimasa Yamamoto
Because this device has a thicker bottom oxide layer, it should be capable of achieving a smaller gate-drain charge (Qgd) as well as further reductions in switching loss compared to a conventional MOSFET.
The data in Table 1 help to compare the simulated Qgd of the conventional trench SiC-MOSFET and the SiC-MOSFET with the thick bottom oxide trench gate structure.
The data in Table 1 help to compare the simulated Qgd of the conventional trench SiC-MOSFET and the SiC-MOSFET with the thick bottom oxide trench gate structure.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Dae Cheol Seo, Jung Ju Lee, Il Bum Kwon
The
sensing system of TEFPI optical fiber sensor and the data reduction principle for the detection of
compliance changes are presented.
Fig. 4 shows the relationship between strain by TEFPI optical fiber sensor and load data.
The strain data was calculated by counting of the interferometric fringes shown in Fig. 3.
Strain data of TEFPI sensor located at the center point.
Fig. 6 Crack length vs. strain data of TEFPI sensor located at the 15 mm ahead of crack.
Fig. 4 shows the relationship between strain by TEFPI optical fiber sensor and load data.
The strain data was calculated by counting of the interferometric fringes shown in Fig. 3.
Strain data of TEFPI sensor located at the center point.
Fig. 6 Crack length vs. strain data of TEFPI sensor located at the 15 mm ahead of crack.
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Qian Feng, Di Yao, Pi Qiang Tan, Yuan Hu Zhi, Di Ming Lou
GPS was used for collecting driving data of location, distance, vehicle speed and acceleration.
Driving data and emission data were aligned firstly before data analysis.
The data belong to each road type was selected and separated based on GPS data.
Combining particle emission, exhaust flow data and driving data, the results of particle number and mass emission ratio were calculated.
Results and Discussion Driving Data in Road Types.
Driving data and emission data were aligned firstly before data analysis.
The data belong to each road type was selected and separated based on GPS data.
Combining particle emission, exhaust flow data and driving data, the results of particle number and mass emission ratio were calculated.
Results and Discussion Driving Data in Road Types.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Yong Li, Shun Bo Zhao, Li Yun Pan, Thomas C.K. Molyneaux, David W. Law
The data show that initially the specimens in 50000mg/L magnesium sulfate solution have the highest level of mass gain.
The data indicate that there is no relationship between changes in mass and strength.
The expansion data are shown in Fig. 4.
The data for the change in length show a number of variations to the change in mass.
Meanwhile, the data indicate that mass gain does not immediately result in elongation.
The data indicate that there is no relationship between changes in mass and strength.
The expansion data are shown in Fig. 4.
The data for the change in length show a number of variations to the change in mass.
Meanwhile, the data indicate that mass gain does not immediately result in elongation.