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First, we casted Mg-3Zn, Mg-4Zn, Mg-5Zn (the number of Zinc in the front of Zinc as the percentage of the mass of Zinc in the alloy), then we cut the ingot into the samples of 20mm x 10mm by wire cutting.
When magnesium alloys are encountered in the non oxidizing corrosive medium with small ionic radii of active anions (such as Cl-, F-, and so on), the active anion can permeate through the dislocation and grain boundary from the defect of the membrane, selectively adsorbed on the passivation film, and the oxygen ions, hydroxyl ions and water on the original passivation film.

Although experimentally many occurrences of pillar-to-pillar collapse have been observed, other modes were also present in significant numbers, indicating a strong sensitivity of the pattern collapse to slight process variabilities.
Mielniczuk, Rupture of an evaporating liquid bridge between two grains, Acta Geophysica 62(5), https://doi.org/10.2478/s11600-014-0225-6

HAP CAP Specific surface area [m2 /g] 60.01 53.38 Ca/P ratio 1.7 1.8 Carbon content [wt%] - 4.597 4008001200 1600 2000 2400 2800 3200 3600 4000 Wave number (cm -1 ) %Transmission (arbitrary units) HAP CAP Fig. 2.
TEM results (Fig. 5) show that CAP possessed more lattice defects, primarily in the form of grain boundaries, and hence a higher surface energy.

The film structure is quite b a c Title of Publication (to be inserted by the publisher) 663 regular in respect to the grain shape, size and height, suggesting a polymer deposition by a two dimensional growth.
Up to 75 mC cm-2 (figure 3b) the polymer thickening corresponds to an increase of the previously mentioned nodules, both in number and in size (diameter and height) as can be obtained by a detailed analysis of figure 3b.

Experimental procedure The single crystal superalloy bars used in this investigation were cast in the [001] orientation by a spiral grain selector under high temperature gradient and at a controlled withdrawal rate following melting pure master alloy in a vacuum induction melting furnace.
A number of slip systems such as hexahedral slip systems in addition to octahedral slip systems described before have been actived during deformation of DD16 alloys.

Especially around the grain boundaries the fine precipitates carbides of size 0.1 -0.3 µ are more in number in case of deep cryogenic treated specimen.

The resistance of a segmented thermistor depends on the number of segments (cells) and the cell dimensions.
SEM analysis of the obtained thick film thermistor with reduced dimensions showed a good quality dense surface with small grains (Fig. 2).

Introduction It is well known that the omnidirectional scattered steel reinforcement captures the effects of local tension between the grains of coarse aggregate.
For technical reasons, the number of cycles was set 50.

As a result, the C=O and C-O-C bonds corresponding to the bonds of butyl acetate indicates the occurrence of de-esterification non-hydrolytic sol-gel process, which can be described as the following formula: From the equation above, it can be seen that because the coordination number of Ti in Ti(OR)4 is 6 and its valence bond  is 4, CH3COO- in Ba(CH3COO)2 is easy to coordinate with Ti, then the –OR in Ti(OR)4 nucleophile attacks C2 in Ba(C1H3C2OO)2 at 110 °C, and then the de-esterification reaction occurs, forming Ba-O-Ti bond.
Zeng, Nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis and dielectric properties of ultrafine-grained and homogenized Ba0.70Sr0.30TiO3, J.

So we add the number of cold iron in order to improve its shock cooling effect[7].
Simulation of casting solidification and its grain structure prediction using FEM [J].