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The coating is deposited as the result of the controlled reduction, which is catalysed by the metal being deposited.
The average thickness of the Ni-P coating was calculated using data from chemical analysis or measured on SEM images.
Mass loss of carbon fibres covered with epoxy sizing (roving 6k, roving 3k) after different chemical pretreatments Technical data sheets for the different Tenax fibres [27] indicate that the mass fraction of the epoxy-based sizing is between 1.3 and 1.5% (wt).

Current situation of topical costal villages and towns in Li River scenic spot is detailedly investigated and monitored for the sake of obtaining representative and regional basic data which can symbolize the pollution source of domestic sewage in these areas.
It can provide reliable basis to treat sewage and formulate schemes for water environment protection in Li River scenic spot through fanning out from point to area and comparative analysis of its data.
With rapid urbanization and industrialization in Guilin, it has strengthened the urban sewage treatment facilities and pollution reduction.
Due to a certain scale of tourism services, the real data should increase if we use the local population to calculate per capita comprehensive wastewater emissions.

Load –stroke data obtained in the compression tests were processed to obtain true stress-true plastic strain using standard equation.
The true stress-true strain data obtained from the compression tests under different deformation temperatures and strain rates can be used to determine the material constants.
As can be seen from Fig. 5, a good correlation between experimental and predicted data is obtained.
The AREE is calculated by Eq. (10) (10) where Ei is the experimental results, Pi is the predicted results and N is the total number of data.
The ARRE of all 400 sets of experimental and predicted data is 3.64%.

As a data-driven, statistically-based approach, Six Sigma aims to deliver near-zero defects as defined by customers for every product and process within an organization.
Then, further data is collected to ensure that improvements have occurred and control plan is put in place to ensure the changes are permanent.
In this stage, after gathering data, the Six Sigma team has to decide what to measure and how do they measure it.
It is a graphical representation, showing a visual impression of the distribution of data.
The formulas to do this vary depending on the type of data (variable data such as time, cost, length, weight, etc. or attribute data such as number of percent defective) and the sample size.

Flow behavior of steel in the liquid and mushy state First results of rheometrical measurements of fully liquid and semi-solid steel will be subsequently given to demonstrate the suitability of the new measuring device to gain reliable data on the flow behavior primarily of steel samples in the aspired high-temperature range.
Figure 5: Flow curves of tool steel X210CrW12 at solid fraction fs=30% left: experimental flow curve for constant shear-rates right: log-log-plot of flow curve with Ostwald-de-Waele fit compared to experimental data The flow-curves are remarkably consistent with an Ostwald-de-Waele (OdW) model-fit (drawn as a double-log-plot in Fig. 5 (right) up to shear-rates of 155 1/s, exhibiting a root mean square relative deviation (RMSRD) between experimental data and the parameterized OdW-model in the lower percent range according to Tab. 1.
The parameterized model reproduces the experimental data with a RMSRD of less than 5%.
The plot of the parameterization according to Fig. 7 is shown by comparison to the experimental data in Fig 6 (right).
The accuracy of data acquisition allows parameterization of complex models according to experimental data, e.g. as shown for spring-damper-models representing the response function in time of transient phenomena.

At that time, the total population of our country will be the maxium number. 2.1.2 Model Test The following data are statistical data and predicted data from the year of 2006 to 2010, the high accuracy can be seen from the data and diagram.
population unit：ten thousand year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Statistical population 131448 132129 132802 133450 134091 Prediction population 131448 132121 132780 133425 134057 absolute error 0 8 22 25 3 Error rate 0 0.000065 0.000165 0.000187 0.000253 Diagram 3 Diagram 4 The Statistical Data and Predicted Data from the Year of 2006 to 2010 2.1.3 Prediction on Population Age Structure Population age structure refers to the proportions that each age groups account for in the total population in a certain time-point and a certain region, which usually expressed as a percentage.
Year Age between0-14 Age between15-64 Age >65 2000 22.9% 70.1% 7% 2001 22.5% 70.4% 7.1% 2002 22.4% 70.3% 7.3% 2003 22.1% 70.4% 7.5% 2004 21.5% 70.9% 7.6% 2005 20.3% 72% 7.7% 2006 19.8% 72.3% 7.9% 2007 19.4% 72.5% 8.1% 2008 19% 72.7% 8.3% 2009 18.5% 73% 8.5% 2010 16.6% 74.5% 8.9% From the above data, we can calculate the one step matrix of transition probability.
In relation to actual situation, we use the data in 2005 as the original, and then in the year of , the probability of each age group is (2.1.11) At the age of 0--14 At the age of 15--64 At the age >65 Year statistic predicted value statistic Predicted value statistic Predicted value 2006 19.8 19.8 72.3 72.2 7.9 8.0 2007 19.4 19.2 72.5 72.6 8.1 8.2 2008 19.0 18.7 72.7 72.9 8.3 8.4 2009 18.5 18.2 73.0 73.3 8.5 8.5 2010 16.6 17.5 73.7 73.5 8.9 9.0 2011 —— 17.0 —— 73.9 —— 9.1 2012 —— 16.5 —— 74.3 —— 9.2 2013 —— 16.0 —— 74.7 —— 9.3 2014 —— 15.5 —— 75.0 —— 9.5 2015 —— 15.0 —— 75.3 —— 9.7 2016 —— 14.6 —— 75.6 —— 9.8 2017 —— 14.1 —— 75.9 —— 10.0 2018 —— 13.7 —— 76.2 —— 10.1 From(2.1.8) , we can calculate the total population of China in 2018 is 1.39 billion.
However, from the current balance movements , we can get that the surplus gap will occur in 2027 and the cumulative surplus will be in reduction.

We use Mahalanobis distance method (k=6) to measure the distance between the test instance and training data.
Ground truth data is obtained from the agreed judgment of two expert ophthalmologists.
Results As a first experiment, we use all six features namely, L/C, ICM, , Ktc, Ktsc, Ktc/C as input train data.
The best performing classifier contained only two features as input data, when tested on a test set not used for training.
Liu, Feature Selection for Classification, Intelligent Data Analysis 1, 1997: 131-156.

All these instruments were connected to the Dewetron Data Acquisition System (DAQ) to view the measurement and the data was analysed according to the real time condition.
The data was analysed based on frequency of the squeal that happen.
Fig 2: Microphone and Accelerometer orientation Data was recorded based on acquired data from sound pressure level (SPL) that exceed 70 dBA and frequency over 1 kHz.
The data was counted for squeal occurrence on each increasing pressure and sliding speed.
All data that obtained from transducer were analysed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on Data Acquisition System (DAQ).

Firstly, select the alloy categories, set the rough castings and gating riser system’s density, viscosity, radiation coefficient, latent heat, liquids temperature, solidus temperature, coagulation factor, liquid shrinkage and other physical parameters, set the cold iron, the density of insulation cap, heat capacity, thermal conductivity and other physical parameters; set the weight factor, relaxation factor, the initial time step, casting parameters, etc. flow parameters, enter the calculation, generate FLD flow field data files, TEM temperature data files and DFC gravity feeding defect files
(4) Post Processing: based on the calculated FLD flow field generated data files, TEM temperature data files, use the volume filling, fill color temperature, the critical solid-phase analysis, and make comprehensive analysis of the bubble models during casting, mixture, pouring inadequacy, cold shut defects, as shown in Figure 3,the immediate image of filled steel.
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of valve body casting Fig. 2 The Process Schematic of valve body casting Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of filled steel reference Fig. 4 The liquid Schematic diagram of casting solidification Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of quantitative analysis of shrinkage Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of Niyama shrinkage According to TEM temperature data files, observed and analyzed whether the casting solidification process forms isolated liquids, isolated liquids changes and the disappearance at castings as shown in Figure 4, the liquid schematic diagram of casting solidification, and found no apparent isolated liquid areas; According to DFC gravity feeding defects file, the Figure 5, schematic diagram of quantitative analysis of shrinkage, there is no shrinkage phenomenon for 14 shrinkage holes.
Take TEM files, extract the time data and associated temperature data of each casting unit from the liquid into the solid moment, and generate TIM, NYM documentation recording the solidification time sequence, analysis the casting shrinkage probability, as shown in Figure 6, the shrinkage rate is 1.95%.
Table 2 Mechanical test results and ASTM standards Project Proof strength Rp0.2(MPa) Tensile strength Rm(MPa) Tensile stretch A(%) Reduction of cross section Z(%) Standards ≥250 485-655 ≥22 ≥35 Original product 310 515 32 53 Compared product 260 470 24 30 Conclusions (1) Make software design as a link between the process design and non-destructive testing.

However, the data for other materials e.g. porous polymers, are scant..
The ETE curves, fitted to the experimental data.
In this paper three different ways of fitting the model curve to the experimental data were proposed: 1) to the whole range of experimental data (93-473 K), 2) to the low temperature range (93-313 K) and 3) to the high temperature range (233-473 K).
However the extrapolated parts of both curves differ considerably from the experimental data.
The best agreement with liquid nitrogen data was obtained for fitting in the low temperature range.