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The hot strip’ laminar cooling process is to make the strip cool to the specified coiling temperature with a certain cooling speed after fine rolling, in order to get the expected organization structure, shape and grain size to satisfy the customer’s requirements.
Calculation example Thickness(mm) Width(mm) FT(℃) CT(℃) SJ JN CT_C(℃) Case 1 9.83 1500 850 560 5 50 561.3 Case 2 3.92 1268 900 570 5 40 573.1 Note: FT - Fine rolling outlet temperature; CT - Coiling temperature from test; JN – Number of open valves; CT_C - coiling temperature from calculation.. 3.2 Process temperature results In case 1, strip temperature variation curves at different positions in the ROT cooling process were shown in Fig.2.

The polycrystalline aggregate is modeled as a collection of a few hundred grains, with the assumption that the strain-rate is uniform in each aggregate.
The total numbers of nodes and elements were 422 and 400, respectively, for a quarter of the blank.

This is so because a number of studies have shown that the “strong network,” comprising those forces having above average magnitudes, has significantly different behavior from the “weak network,” which is made up of those forces having average or below average magnitudes.
Radjai: Powders and Grains Vol.1145 (2009), p. 469

Another is applied to grain boundary motions, sintering, for example.
Model (9)-(10): (18) (19) Model (11)-(12) : (20) (21) Model (13)-(14): (22) (23) Model (15)-(16): (24) (25) Where , and ,,,., are the number of the interval subdivision for space and time.

This method for synthesis of inorganic materials has a number of advantages over more conventional synthetic procedures.
It is due to the grain growth of TiO2 induced by higher calcinations temperature.

With the development of the science and technology and the all works of life, the available number and the forms of the elbows are becoming more, and its procession and usage are also becoming more tough, which requests us to have an exploration and research on the ultra-precision procession in the internal surface of the elbow so as to find an effective method to realize the ultra-precision uniformly procession in the internal surface.
Grinding grain flow of the processing technology and applications[J].

Tab.2 Test conditions for sliding experiments Stroke Dx=0.2mm Frequency =20Hz Force Fn=10N Number of cycles N=100,000 Temperature 25°C The volumetric wear Wv was calculated after each test from the size of the wear scar at the pole of the ball and the planimetric wear of the scar on the disk using Eqs. (1) and (2) Wv, ball= (1) Wv, disk == (2) where d1 is the diameter of the wear scar at the ball, perpendicular to the sliding direction; d2 is the diameter of the wear scar at the ball, parallel to the sliding direction; R is the radius of the curve wear scar, determined from the profile; Wl,ball is the linear wear at the ball; Wl,disk is the linear wear at the disk and Wq is the planimetric wear at the disk.
This cavity has been formed by grain pull out most likely drying the initial wear process.

Introduction Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is ultra-high-grade concrete with fine-grained macrostructure and high consistency.
This highly advanced and sophisticated material offers a number of interesting applications such as the production of facade panels, which promotes more abroad.

Under certain conditions, domain patterns can be observed even at macroscopic levels for the materials such as fine-grained polycrystalline NiTi shape memory alloys [1, 5, 6].
Accordingly, the number of the spikes gradually reduces and eventually the branching front of the inclined ring becomes smooth (i.e., habit-plane type, as shown in case "10" of Fig. 3)

Since some amount of variation in pore diameter can be found, the average pore diameter was calculated from the equivalent setting pore diameter for each pore ( n di∑ , di and n denote equivalent setting pore diameter for each pore and number of pores, respectively).
Since the crystalline of the complex oxides are formed in the liquid phase and lie thick on liquid-solid interface during the unidirectional solidification, the growth of pores along the solidification direction is distorted by the formation of the complex oxides grains and the pores with an awkward shape are formed.