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Online since: July 2014
Authors: Zhi Sheng Dong
(2)
——the maximum backwater height of the bridge(m)
——the average velocity under the bridge in the natural state(m/s)
(3)
——the design flow of the bridge in the natural state (m3/s)
——the flow area under the bridge (m2)
——the average velocity under the bridge (m/s)
(4)
——the design flow of the bridge(m3/s)
——the net flow area under the bridge (m2)
——the reduction coefficient of the flow brought in by considering the scouring
(5)
——particle size coefficient of the bridge
——mean
These factors cannot be accurately examined, and most parameters of the formula are measured by the experimental data or by regression analysis, which makes the results incorrect.
The appropriate parameter calculation methods should be selected to improve the calculating reliability of the backwater height of the bridge, and a variety of standardized formula should be used for verification, considering the river characteristics, type and arrangement of bridge condition data.
These factors cannot be accurately examined, and most parameters of the formula are measured by the experimental data or by regression analysis, which makes the results incorrect.
The appropriate parameter calculation methods should be selected to improve the calculating reliability of the backwater height of the bridge, and a variety of standardized formula should be used for verification, considering the river characteristics, type and arrangement of bridge condition data.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Viktor S. Skuridin, Elena S. Stasyuk, Alexander S. Rogov, Natalya V. Varlamova, Evgeny A. Nesterov, Vladimir L. Sadkin, Pavel S. Postnikov
These data were necessary for subsequent comparison with the corresponding data for modified particles.
The expected result in case of 99mТс reduction should be the appearance of an additional peak in the region of the origin on the chromatogram, while the 99mТс (VII) peak of the initial suspension appears at the end of the chromatogram.
The expected result in case of 99mТс reduction should be the appearance of an additional peak in the region of the origin on the chromatogram, while the 99mТс (VII) peak of the initial suspension appears at the end of the chromatogram.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Kun Wang, Meng Hui Hao
For new or rebuilt roads whether to adopt the rubber stress-absorbing asphalt or fiberglass polyester fabric or other material, we can collect relevant data and use the cost present value analysis method to analyze economic benefit, make sure its implementing measures, and evaluate its real economy benefit.
In new or renovation projects, as to whether choose to construct asphalt rubber stress absorbing layer, polyester fiberglass cloth stress absorption layer and emulsified asphalt seal coat, taking example by the relevant data, the author adopts the following principles: ① Overlay analysis period is 15 years. ② Assuming the service life L of overlay of emulsified asphalt seal is 3 years, the life L of pavement overlay including rubber asphalt or polyester fiberglass cloth is 6 years. ③ Thickness of asphalt pavement overlay is 5 centimeter; unit price is 37.15 Yuan per square meters. ④ The first years after overlay without maintenance cost, in the future, the annual maintenance cost was 2.5 Yuan per square meters, the discount rate is 4%.According to the costs of initial investment and later period repair maintenance, the cash flow of these three schemes shown in table II.
At the same time due to the reduction of maintenance frequency, accordingly increase the traffic capacity of road, and will produce a tremendous social benefits.
In new or renovation projects, as to whether choose to construct asphalt rubber stress absorbing layer, polyester fiberglass cloth stress absorption layer and emulsified asphalt seal coat, taking example by the relevant data, the author adopts the following principles: ① Overlay analysis period is 15 years. ② Assuming the service life L of overlay of emulsified asphalt seal is 3 years, the life L of pavement overlay including rubber asphalt or polyester fiberglass cloth is 6 years. ③ Thickness of asphalt pavement overlay is 5 centimeter; unit price is 37.15 Yuan per square meters. ④ The first years after overlay without maintenance cost, in the future, the annual maintenance cost was 2.5 Yuan per square meters, the discount rate is 4%.According to the costs of initial investment and later period repair maintenance, the cash flow of these three schemes shown in table II.
At the same time due to the reduction of maintenance frequency, accordingly increase the traffic capacity of road, and will produce a tremendous social benefits.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Lei Shi, Xing Jiu Zhong, Jun Wu, Bin Li
This approach has to be achieved with consequent reductions in internal diameter and attendant flow characteristic limitations, at the same time involves many downhole intervention operation such as shifting sleeves and subsequently milling the ball seat up with CT intervention, both of which extend the length of the operation and add to the overall costs.
The tag is programmed with specific information and when it approaches the reader, the radio frequency field generated by the reader powers up the tag causing it to transmit its data by ‘pulsing’ the radio frequency.
The data is then captured by the reader and processed.
The tag is programmed with specific information and when it approaches the reader, the radio frequency field generated by the reader powers up the tag causing it to transmit its data by ‘pulsing’ the radio frequency.
The data is then captured by the reader and processed.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Jiří Brožovský
The data about factors influencing results of testing with rebound hammers are elaborated mainly for concrete.
Increasing moisture content by 1% corresponds to reduction of rebound value by 0.55 units.
Determined results correlate with data given in technical literature for standard concrete [3, 4]
Increasing moisture content by 1% corresponds to reduction of rebound value by 0.55 units.
Determined results correlate with data given in technical literature for standard concrete [3, 4]
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Jia Yin Zhu, Bin Chen
Comparison between measured and simulated temperature of the building.Under the condition of solar air collector operation, the results predicted by EnergyPlus were verified by experimental data.
Fig.1 Experimental and predicted data for passive heating Results and discussion Effect of the building envelope insulation thickness in indoor temperature.
However, when P = 2, the reduction degree of daily indoor temperature difference becomes small, with the value of 3.6ºC.
Fig.1 Experimental and predicted data for passive heating Results and discussion Effect of the building envelope insulation thickness in indoor temperature.
However, when P = 2, the reduction degree of daily indoor temperature difference becomes small, with the value of 3.6ºC.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Peng Zhao, Xiao Song
The enhancement on the extraction process caused by ultrasound is attributed to the disruption of the cell walls, reduction of the particle size and the enhancement on the mass transfer of the cell content to the solvent caused by the collapse of the bubbles produced by cavitation[6,7].
Analysis of the experimental design and calculation of predicted data were carried out using the Design Expert software to estimate the response of the independent variables.Subsequently, three additional confirmation experiments were conducted to verify the validity of the statistical experimental strategies.
Multiple regression analysis of the experimental data yielded the following second-order polynomial stepwise equation: Y=2.17+0.03X1+0.077X2+0.027X3+0.044X4+2.5×10-3X1X2-0.052X1X3+5×10-3X1X4-0.03X2X3+7.5×10-3X2X4- 0.03X3X4-0.18X12-0.081X22-0.1X32-0.05X42 (4) An analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure was used to analyze the model for significance and suitability, and a statistical summary was given in Table 2.
Analysis of the experimental design and calculation of predicted data were carried out using the Design Expert software to estimate the response of the independent variables.Subsequently, three additional confirmation experiments were conducted to verify the validity of the statistical experimental strategies.
Multiple regression analysis of the experimental data yielded the following second-order polynomial stepwise equation: Y=2.17+0.03X1+0.077X2+0.027X3+0.044X4+2.5×10-3X1X2-0.052X1X3+5×10-3X1X4-0.03X2X3+7.5×10-3X2X4- 0.03X3X4-0.18X12-0.081X22-0.1X32-0.05X42 (4) An analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure was used to analyze the model for significance and suitability, and a statistical summary was given in Table 2.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Chang Bin Shen
Table 1 Results of PDP of 5083 and FSW weld in the inhibited solution for different temperatures
T( oC ) sample
25
30
35
40
5083
Ecorr/VSCE
-0.707
-0.649
-0.669
-0.753
Icorr/(A·cm-2)
0.40
0.13
0.30
1.00
IE /%
76.33
92.31
82.25
40.83
weld
Ecorr/VSCE
-0.683
-0.591
-0.622
-0.732
Icorr /(A·cm-2)
0.28
0.06
0.20
0.72
IE/ %
77.42
95.16
83.87
41.94
The inhibitor efficiency at the different temperature was calculated by eq 1[6], the obtained data were listed in Table 1
Table 2 and 3 given the simulated data of 5083 and FSW weld.
This reflects the area reduction of external surface (original surface) and thickening of corrosion product on the newly formed surface [7,8].
Table 2 and 3 given the simulated data of 5083 and FSW weld.
This reflects the area reduction of external surface (original surface) and thickening of corrosion product on the newly formed surface [7,8].
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Zhong Qi Wang, Ning Li, Hui Ping Wang, Zhi Ming Hu
Ontology in artificial intelligence provides a new idea for product information semantic integration, and some researchers had been explored in product data integration [1] and single source of product data [2].
If we want to describe gear reducer concept of which reduction ratio is between 1.25 and 450, it is shown as: Along with design materializing, the product knowledge and principles of desgin need be described in detail design phase, many of which are expressed in rules.
If we want to describe gear reducer concept of which reduction ratio is between 1.25 and 450, it is shown as: Along with design materializing, the product knowledge and principles of desgin need be described in detail design phase, many of which are expressed in rules.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Petr Řehák, Miroslav Černý
Computed results and discussion
To assess reliability of the present calculations, the ground state properties (namely, the equilibrium lattice constant a0, the bulk modulus B, the tetragonal shear modulus C' = (c11 - c12) / 2 and the elastic constant c44 (the trigonal shear modulus) were calculated and compared with available experimental data [14].
The circles denote available experimental data obtained from inelastic neutron scattering [15].
Thus, there is no remarkable reduction of the theoretical isotropic strength due to soft phonons and the computed value for Ni crystal is 28.9 GPa.
The circles denote available experimental data obtained from inelastic neutron scattering [15].
Thus, there is no remarkable reduction of the theoretical isotropic strength due to soft phonons and the computed value for Ni crystal is 28.9 GPa.