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Crystalline phase and grain morphology of samples were examined by using X-ray diffractometer (D/MAX-RA) and scanning electronic microscope (S-2700) equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (INCA-350), respectively.
Infrared spectroscopy studies were performed with infrared spectrometer (AVATAR 360, Nicolet) in the wave number range of 4000-400 cm-1.

A number of pits with 1-3 mm in depth were noticed on the surface of the boule.
These defects could be devided into mainly two types: the first one was grain boundaries which displayed mountain chain morphology, and the second one was dislocation pile-up that occurred near the boundaries.

The grains are plate-like with a high density of stacking faults and dislocations predominantly lying within {0001} planes [3].
Because the good ductility of the Cu-Al alloy, the meshes of the net were elongated along the direction of tensile stress, and consequently formed a larger number of dimples on the fracture face.

The large numbers of glasses are available from recycling activity of industrial wastes lead to the new applications [4].
The strength of metal matrix composite could be influenced by the dislocation generated in the matrix, the distribution of reinforcement in the matrix, the texture produced from mechanical deformation, the texture produced from crystallographic orientation, interface bonding between matrix-reinforcement and the grain size of the matrix composites.

The ZnAlO nanopowders used here are prepared by a co-precipitation method according to Ref. 11, which have average grain sizes of 30 ~ 50 nm).
Here, the kL can be calculated by kL = k - ke = k- LsT, where ke is the electronic thermal conductivity, L is the Lorenz number, about 1.5 × 10-8 V2 K-2 in non-degenerate semiconductors with acoustic scattering.[12] At low temperatures (<350K), the samples with ZnAlO have obtained lower k compared with that of BiTeSe.

Introduction A significant number of studies in materials science are devoted to the issues of structure and properties formation of the materials in the process of crystallization.
For instance, for antifriction bronze grades (tin-leaded bronzes) a change in the cooling rate during crystallization leads to a change in the shape of lead inclusions, grain size, dendritic matrix cell parameters, and the amount of solid eutectoid.

Direct roof of 2# coal seam is mudstone and in 1m thickness and carbargilite in 3.2m thickness, and the old roof is medium-grained sandstone whose intensity is much larger.
In order to analyze the variance of overburden displacement with work face mining, a number of measuring points were arranged, which were the intersections of nine horizontal lines and 18 vertical lines, a total of 162 points.

Combined with figure 9(b), we can find that there is a clearly brittle fracture tendency along the transverse of solder cladding, not appear a large number of crystals.
The distribution and size of hard grains of solder in sealing layer is relatively uniform. 

In the presence of catalyst, H2O2 can produce a large number of free radicals, improve the ability of oxidation at the same time, improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment, and won't produce sludge, solve the problems of Fenton oxidation.
The phase composition and grain size of ZnO analysed by the D/MAX-ⅢA X-ray diffractometer, with Cu graphite monochromator, working for 40 kv , working current is 30 mA, lambda is 0.15418 nm.

Some scholars established the local contact model of spline shaft in the process of cold rolling forming, and analyzed the metal flow and some nodes’ movement of the deformation area; and then some experiments is carried out, the results show that the spline after cold rolling processing metal organization has not been cut off, grain crushing and refining, dislocation density increases, eventually be drawn into a bar fibrous tissue, metal flow law of the five types of deformation of metal flow is determined by the Law of Minimum Resistance [10,11].
Tab.1 Meshing, Select of material model, Definition of contract condition and boundary conditions Meshing workpiece Mesh type：C3D8RT Number of units：165960 roll-beating wheel Discreteness of rigid body Select of material model workpiece model：J－C model material：40Cr（ Young modulus 211GPa，Poisson ratio 0.277，Density 7870㎏/m3） roll-beating wheel model：Analytical rigid body Definition of contract condition Contract type of the workpiece and the roll-beating wheel： Surface－to－Surface Definition of boundary conditions workpiece Move along the positive direction of x axis, restrain the rest degree of freedom roll-beating wheel Rotate around the axis，the speed is 209.44rad/s（2000r/min) Analysis of the Simulation Result On the basis of finite element model, tooth forming process under one strike is obtained.