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These were found by processing of experimental data and by direct dimensional analysis using the Buckingham's π-theorem [10,11].
Than the value of is higher, so much greater is the contribution Ii of ions in the total current I, but this leads to the reduction of partial current Ip transmitted by separate particles (I = Ii + Ip = const) and the electro-separation process being less effective.

By substituting the and expressions and after reductions the equation for the processing cost may be expressed as:
The input data for the software include the mechanical and physical parameters of the tool and workpiece materials, the geometry of the tool, grade of the coolant processing additives, workpiece dimensions, and technical parameters of the metal-cutting machine.

Fig.1 CE_OFDM system architecture In a general OFDM modulator of frequency domain, user data frames, and then generates general OFDM frequency domain signal which is represented in X, namely ,and then generates the frequency noise signal W, namely , finally inserts the W to out-of-band of the general OFDM signal, and synthesize a constant envelope OFDM frequency domain signal .
Study and implementation of complementary Golay sequences for PAR reduction in OFDM signals[C].

The spectra were recorded under the conditions of an ultrahigh vacuum of 10–9 mbar, the data acquisition density for the survey (spectrum) was 1 eV, and the high-resolution spectra were 0.1 eV [6-8].
Mamaeva On the reduction of the contact melting temperature in metallic systems with intermetallic compounds Proceedings of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The interface slip between steel and concrete was considered approximately by multiplying strength or stiffness reduction factor.
The experimental data were obtained at the peak displacement load of the first cycle in each load level to compare with the numerical results.
The FE model was verified by the test data of composite frame.

The crystal structure was determined by Rietveld analysis on the powder XRD data using RIETAN-FP program [5].
The absence of any impurity peaks and satisfactory agreement between experimental and calculated data shows that the sample was a single phase.
It clearly demonstrates a removal of molecules with about 11 % of mass reduction due to a heat treatment up to 100 °C.

The registered data can be represented graphically as the force-displacement curve.
So the experimental stress-strain data are described by a power law relationship where K is equal to 387.6 MPa and n is 0.27.
The results of the numerical simulations evidence that: the punch axial force is directly proportional to the value of K (therefore, in figure 1b normalized force, load/K, has been introduced), material with a low value of n involve a greater punch force in order to obtain the same displacement of the bulge, moreover, such materials are more sensitive to variation of the friction coefficient (figure 1b), materials with low value of n (therefore materials with low formability) will achieve an earlier fracture point as the load achieves its maximum value earlier (figure 1b), the normalized thickness measured at the bulge apex of the specimen, in perfect lubrication condition is reduced mostly for materials with low values of n, on the contrary, by increasing the friction coefficient, the normalized thickness suffers a minor reduction and is independent from the value of n (figure 1c), the distance, d, measured between the thinning area and the lateral surface of the die is reduced quickly

The data that have been analysed throughout the nanoindentation tests are based on Oliver and Phar method [4].
This method determines the hardness and the reduced Young’s modulus from depth sensing indentation (DSI) load-displacement data.
This can be indicated from the reduction of BBT in experiment run 3 as shown in Fig. 2 (b) with value of 17.426 µm compared to the initial run with value of 19.427 µm.

We select basis function as followed: , (14) We calculated relationship between relative dielectric constant and frequency, depicted in Fig.3, where dashed line consists of data obtained through HFSS simulation, solid line consists of data calculated using the method presented in this article.
We observe from the aspect of fabrication process, it will not make great influence on the dispersion characteristic if the Si dielectric layer of A been made very thin; it will not make great influence on the dispersion characteristic if reductioning the process dimension of B.

The curve can be fitted by a series of data points fit where the MISO model of multi-linear isotropic hardening model is used.
According to experimental data the stress-strain relations is as shown in Figure 2.
Therefore the three lines stiffness reduction approach can be used to calculate the deflection of the beam, according to the theory of elasticity.