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Online since: February 2016
Authors: Yaroslav A. Erisov, Fedor V. Grechnikov
The scientific and technical literature provides a large number of examples of the significant influence of natural anisotropy of the crystals properties both on the metal forming processes and the performance of a wide range of products [2, 5-10].
At the same time, a number of articles note that in comparison to the definite behaviour of the isotropic medium while forming anisotropic sheets and strips the formability of a metal and a product performance can significantly increase.
Arikat, Anisotropic properties of high permeability grain-oriented 3.25% Si-Fe electrical steel, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 30 (1994) 928-930
At the same time, a number of articles note that in comparison to the definite behaviour of the isotropic medium while forming anisotropic sheets and strips the formability of a metal and a product performance can significantly increase.
Arikat, Anisotropic properties of high permeability grain-oriented 3.25% Si-Fe electrical steel, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 30 (1994) 928-930
Online since: May 2009
Authors: Takeo Shinmura, Yan Hua Zou
The machining force F1m (magnetic force F1m=Fm/m, m: the number of particles) acting on the
magnetic particles is a function of the volume and magnetic susceptibility of the magnetic particles
in the magnetic field [2].
(a) In the case of magnetic abrasives (b) In the case of magnetic machining jig Fig.2 Schematics of the magnetic field assisted machining process using magnetic abrasives and using a magnetic machining jig As shown in Fig.2(b), the machining force of a magnetic particle is decided from Fn ( the magnetic force between the magnetic machining jig and magnetic pole, F1n=Fn/n, n: the number of particles), Therefore, the size of magnetic particles can be selected freely even if the magnetic force Fn enough, and the precise machining can be achieved.
The magnetic particles, abrasive grains, and lubricant was renewed every 20 min.
(a) In the case of magnetic abrasives (b) In the case of magnetic machining jig Fig.2 Schematics of the magnetic field assisted machining process using magnetic abrasives and using a magnetic machining jig As shown in Fig.2(b), the machining force of a magnetic particle is decided from Fn ( the magnetic force between the magnetic machining jig and magnetic pole, F1n=Fn/n, n: the number of particles), Therefore, the size of magnetic particles can be selected freely even if the magnetic force Fn enough, and the precise machining can be achieved.
The magnetic particles, abrasive grains, and lubricant was renewed every 20 min.
Online since: December 2004
Authors: Xi Peng Xu, S. Chen, Y.B. Hong
The workpiece material for sawing was gray granite consisting of approximately
25% quartz of 1.0-1.5 mm grain size, 55% plagioclase, 15% alkaline feldspar, and 5% mica and other
constituents.
Due to the difference in diamond hold, the percentage of Serial grinding number 0 5 10 15 20 25 Vertical force, Fv (N) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Uncoated Coated Serial grinding number 0 5 10 15 20 25 Horizontal force, Fh (N) 0 10 20 30 40 Uncoated Coated Pull-out Advances in Materials Manufacturing Science and Technology 80 weight loss for the segment with coated diamonds was found to be about 75% of that for the segment with uncoated diamonds.
Due to the difference in diamond hold, the percentage of Serial grinding number 0 5 10 15 20 25 Vertical force, Fv (N) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Uncoated Coated Serial grinding number 0 5 10 15 20 25 Horizontal force, Fh (N) 0 10 20 30 40 Uncoated Coated Pull-out Advances in Materials Manufacturing Science and Technology 80 weight loss for the segment with coated diamonds was found to be about 75% of that for the segment with uncoated diamonds.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Ying Hua, Bo Song Cheng
Human factors reflect in the nearly 30 years of coal mining, people has never demonstrated urban development and urban ecosystems planning, living area were constructed arbitrarily and confusedly, ecological living environment completely accords to nature, and there is no scientific and planning co-ordination.
1.2 The piling up of solid waste and environmental pollution
The solid waste produced in the coal mining coal gangue heap of emissions is the main source of environmental pollution, according to incomplete statistics, the number of coal gangue mountain has reached more than 1600, more than 4.5 billion tons, covers an area of 15000 acres, and increasing at the rate of 150 to 200 million tons per year.
Finally, we should make efforts to improve the legal system and regulatory mechanisms based on the existing conditions of coal resources cities to achieve sustainable development strategy of living environment in coal resources cities radically. 3.2 Control the industrial development direction of coal resources cities In coal resources cities of our country, there are not only large state-owned coal mines, as well as a large number of coal enterprises.
Such as using the slope of subsidence area for renovation at first, converting loblolly into puddles aquarium, planting or planting crops on the slope, establishing breeding industry, feeding mills, etc., making it complete food chain engineering systems, followed by recovering green planting, rehabilitating grass and implementing ecological restoration in a certain range of living , strengthening plant habitat construction, finally transforming coal gangue into electricity power or milling the grain for brick making which would turn waste into treasure, it can not only utilize the waste but also save energy, greatly reducing the occupation of arable land and mitigating air pollution effectively.
Finally, we should make efforts to improve the legal system and regulatory mechanisms based on the existing conditions of coal resources cities to achieve sustainable development strategy of living environment in coal resources cities radically. 3.2 Control the industrial development direction of coal resources cities In coal resources cities of our country, there are not only large state-owned coal mines, as well as a large number of coal enterprises.
Such as using the slope of subsidence area for renovation at first, converting loblolly into puddles aquarium, planting or planting crops on the slope, establishing breeding industry, feeding mills, etc., making it complete food chain engineering systems, followed by recovering green planting, rehabilitating grass and implementing ecological restoration in a certain range of living , strengthening plant habitat construction, finally transforming coal gangue into electricity power or milling the grain for brick making which would turn waste into treasure, it can not only utilize the waste but also save energy, greatly reducing the occupation of arable land and mitigating air pollution effectively.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Chao Zhu, Gang Du, Yun Tao Gou, Qian Li
The whole space of the large supermarket is divided into ten independent areas: Fruits & Vegetables Area, Grains & Cereals Area, Bath Items Area, Beverages Area, Brand Zone Area, Snacks Area, Bulk Stationery Area, Frozen Goods Area, Hygiene Products Area and Commodity Area.
Table.1 Areas table Row Description Type Constraint ftype Area Number char(10) primary key fname Area name char(30) not null x_p X-coordinate int not null y_p Y-coordinate int not null Fig.4 The basic idea of software design Fig.5 The software flow chart of target area prompt Real-time Location of Customers.
In POLL mode, the response is returned to the requestor’s address. 0x0000 – 0xFFFF 9 Report Endpoint 10 Minimum Reference Nodes to use to calculate Location. 1 - 16 Table 4 Blind node find response command Byte Index Description Value 0 Status 0: Successful; 1: Not enough Reference Node responding. 1 & 2 Blind Node’s calculated X position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 3 & 4 Blind Node’s calculated Y position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 5 Number of Reference Nodes used The value is 0-8. 6 & 7 Closest (based on RSSI) Reference Node’s short address 0x0000-0xFFFA, 0xFFFE is invalid. 8 & 9 Closest Reference Node’s X position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 10 & 11 Closest Reference Node’s Y position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 12 Closest Reference Node’s RSSI Fig.7 is location engine operation [7].
Table.1 Areas table Row Description Type Constraint ftype Area Number char(10) primary key fname Area name char(30) not null x_p X-coordinate int not null y_p Y-coordinate int not null Fig.4 The basic idea of software design Fig.5 The software flow chart of target area prompt Real-time Location of Customers.
In POLL mode, the response is returned to the requestor’s address. 0x0000 – 0xFFFF 9 Report Endpoint 10 Minimum Reference Nodes to use to calculate Location. 1 - 16 Table 4 Blind node find response command Byte Index Description Value 0 Status 0: Successful; 1: Not enough Reference Node responding. 1 & 2 Blind Node’s calculated X position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 3 & 4 Blind Node’s calculated Y position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 5 Number of Reference Nodes used The value is 0-8. 6 & 7 Closest (based on RSSI) Reference Node’s short address 0x0000-0xFFFA, 0xFFFE is invalid. 8 & 9 Closest Reference Node’s X position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 10 & 11 Closest Reference Node’s Y position Bits 15-2: whole meters; Bits 1-0: 0.25 meters. 12 Closest Reference Node’s RSSI Fig.7 is location engine operation [7].
Online since: July 2003
Authors: Tian Hong Yang, Leslie George Tham, Chun An Tang, Lian Chong Li
In addintion, in a large number of
hydraulic fracturing problems there is a strong interdependence between deformation (stress) and fluid
flow and standard modeling of these various processes as separate and non-interdependent can lead to
significant errors in many cases [6].
As we well known, rock is a very heterogeneous geological material, containing many natural weaknesses, such as pores, grain boundaries, and pre-existing cracks.
The number of failed elements and associated energy release proportional to acoustic emission (AE) accompanying hydraulic fracturing are also numerically recorded [11], which will be plotted along with the borehole pressure.
As we well known, rock is a very heterogeneous geological material, containing many natural weaknesses, such as pores, grain boundaries, and pre-existing cracks.
The number of failed elements and associated energy release proportional to acoustic emission (AE) accompanying hydraulic fracturing are also numerically recorded [11], which will be plotted along with the borehole pressure.
Online since: July 2006
Authors: Jef Vleugels, Ludo Froyen, Omer Van der Biest, K. Hummert, R. Schattevoy, K.Y. Sastry
Powder production involving rapid solidification offers a number of unique
advantages that are important to the ductility of the material.
For example, segregation in the powdered material can be minimized, very fine grains can be produced, and the solid solubility of alloying elements can be increased.
Recently, a number of synthesis and processing routes have been developed to produce high performance, cost effective and near-net shape sintered aluminum components, solely by the PM route [2-3].
For example, segregation in the powdered material can be minimized, very fine grains can be produced, and the solid solubility of alloying elements can be increased.
Recently, a number of synthesis and processing routes have been developed to produce high performance, cost effective and near-net shape sintered aluminum components, solely by the PM route [2-3].
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Bertrand Garnier, Driss Sakami, Abdeljalil Lahmar
This coupling between thermal, mechanical and physicochemical properties plays a significant role in an increasing number of applications (systems of infra-red detection, optical switches containing superconductors, developments processes of the multi-layer components...).
This agglomeration of islands has been attributed to a change in the surface structure by surface diffusion, which results in the migration of particles between grains and promotes the formation of larger islands at the cost of smaller ones.
The quality of the interface for heat transfer purpose is attributed to the changes observed in the chemical composition like the number of bonds created in this zone supporting a very fine porosity and a better mechanical anchoring.
This agglomeration of islands has been attributed to a change in the surface structure by surface diffusion, which results in the migration of particles between grains and promotes the formation of larger islands at the cost of smaller ones.
The quality of the interface for heat transfer purpose is attributed to the changes observed in the chemical composition like the number of bonds created in this zone supporting a very fine porosity and a better mechanical anchoring.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Katakam Sivaprasad, V. Muthupandi, Roshan Jacob, S.A. Srinivasan
It is also stated that with increasing processing time, the oxide layer grows in its thickness but the spark discharges becomes few in number and coarse in size [46].
Marginal refinement of grain size was noticed in the case of current pulsing.
At the initial stages of arcing, a large number of fine arcs wandering on the surface are formed.
Marginal refinement of grain size was noticed in the case of current pulsing.
At the initial stages of arcing, a large number of fine arcs wandering on the surface are formed.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Aleksandra Malchik, Vladimir Kozik, Svetlana A. Kuznetsova
.%) (Table 1, 2) is related with growth of number of free carriers because of increased content of dissolved tin in solid solution In2O3:Sn.
With increasing both number of ITO film layers and coating thickness, crystallite sizes increase.
However, the largest crystal grains 100-200 nm are formed on the substrates treated with acetic acid.
With increasing both number of ITO film layers and coating thickness, crystallite sizes increase.
However, the largest crystal grains 100-200 nm are formed on the substrates treated with acetic acid.