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The main factors influencing the interaction are: characteristics of the wheel and grinding modes [6, 7, 19-22], including deep grinding [23-27], tool adjustment [22, 23], lubricating and cooling process media (LCPM) and feed conditions [28-31], the size and shape of the billet [28-29], etc.
Mechanical and operational properties of abrasive materials and tools.
The greatest influence factor with respect to fatigue is the speed of grinding v.
Mechanical Engineering, Moscow, 2000
Bairamov, Factors affecting the surface roughness in the deep grinding of titanium alloys, Russian Engineering Research. 7 (2005) 549-553

Introduction The durability of concrete is the main factor that affects the protection of concrete buildings from deterioration.
Chen et al. found that nano-SiO2 improves the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of cemented soil when exposed to simulated seawater [14].
The previous works discussed the influence of using nanosilica on the physical, mechanical and corrosion properties of concrete.
Mounika, The Effect of Nano Silica on Mechanical Properties of Concrete, Jour.l of Appl.
Shah, Effects of nano-silica and nano-limestone on flow-ability and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete matrix.

Currently, a commercial proton exchange membrane applied in DMFCs is Nafion® (Du Pont), due to its proper mechanical, chemical and electrochemical properties, high proton conductivity at ambient temperature and optimum humidity condition [1].
Barrier properties of the membrane were determined by the measurement of methanol permeability.
Preparation and properties of high performance nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell.
Preparation and barrier properties of SPEEK/Cloisite 15A®/TAP nanocomposite membrane for DMFC application.
Enhanced electrochemical properties of nanocomposite polymer electrolyte based on copolymer with exfoliated clays.

As a result, certain factors and constraints, such as cost, time, and physical integration are not taken into account directly by the axiomatic model [3, 4].
The axiom 1 states that the DPs and FRs are related such that a specific DP can be adjusted to satisfy its corresponding FR without affecting other FRs.
Second, the relations or interactions among design parameters shall be feasible for modular design and the module itself should be feasible as to good properties (such as durability, safety, manufacturability, assembly, cost, etc.), which means that the constituent DPs module can be synthesized in a manner that meets the required properties.
Meanwhile, based on the derived DSM, the product property (PP) can be predicted from related property knowledge.
Denoting the property knowledge p K and the property knowledge domain Γ , we have p DSM PP ∃ ⊆ Γ →::::K

The structure, a school in Teramo, was already affected by previously seismic damages and it has been highly involved by the seismic events abovementioned.
To evaluate the Conventional Strength at a floor level, a mechanical model based on the shear pier behavior described by Turnsek and Cacovic model is proposed in GNDT methodology.
In absence of specific information about the shear strength, the estimated elastic modulus was used to verify the range of variability of masonry mechanical properties proposed by the Italian Building Code for the clay-brick-masonry.
It is worth to note that this value doesn't account the effective level of damage observed in piers, which could affect their shear strength.
By the mechanical model with the abovementioned parameters, the Conventional Strength is evaluated as 0.212 g.

However, most of those were focused on the mechanical behavior of CFRP-confined concrete without the consideration of initial compressive stresses and initial deformations caused by preloading.
Properties of Materials.
The elastic stiffness does not seem to be affected by the index n0.
Fig.6 shows the combination effect of the two factors on mp.
Experimental Study on the Axial Mechanical Behavior of Preloaded Circular Concrete Columns with CFRP Confinement.

In most cases, acquiring an optimal set of fuzzy scaling factors, membership functions (MFs) and rules require time, experience, and skills for the tuning procedure.
GTE Modeling The gas turbine engines are a high-order, nonlinear, time varying complex system which properties and parameters of them vary widely when working conditions change.
Optimization strategy (tuning RB and DB sequentially) Tuning of the DB In general, optimization of scaling factors and parameters of MFs separately is not a superior method to find an optimal solution [12].
In this paper, both the scaling factors and the MFs parameters have been tuned simultaneously.
There are three scaling factors which affect the input and output variables of the FLC and must be tuned (Fig. 1).

The scraper mirror has the advantage of passing the laser beam without disturbance and therefore the properties of the laser beam are not altered.
Spectral sensitivity of the selected NIR camera Three important factors namely magnification of the image, chromatic aberration and geometrical aberration were taken into account in the simulations: - The magnification of the image: since the light bundle can be considered to be parallel in the relay path (i.e. distance between the cutting lens and the camera lens), the magnification factor ( opticV ) can be defined as the ratio of the focal length of the camera lens to the focal length of the cutting lens.
The corresponding magnification factors for the typically-used cutting lenses (with 7.5" focal length) is 1.31.
Since the available space in the carriage was however limited, an extra mirror was introduced in order to respect the focal distance of 250 mm - Chromatic aberration: the optical properties of the lens material are dependent on the wavelength.
Since the dichroic mirror is logically the only component of the monitoring system that might influence the properties of the laser beam, a detailed analysis has been performed to identify this probable influence. 1 The window of interest is a virtual rectangular area within the camera image of which the pixel values are classified by the camera as thermal images.

Micro holes in fact, are widely used for example in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), serving as channels or nozzles to connect two micro-features, and in micro-mechanical components.
Furthermore, the geometrical and dimensional properties of the micro-holes were analyzed using both optical and scanning electron microscopes.
In [4] Kuppan et al. demonstrated that, in deep hole drilling, the MRR (Material Removal Rate) is influenced by peak current, duty factor and electrode rotation.
Since TR is calculated as a subtraction between two diameters belonging to the same hole (Dtop and Dbottom), the RO does not affect this parameter.
The same analysis was carried out for TR and TWR-RO (the TWR calculated using Dtop and Dbottom subtracted by the RO factor, see Eq. 5).

Determination for Tool Edge Geometry and Cutting Conditions by Using FEM Simulations and Experiments SeungYub Baek1, a 1Department of mechanical design, Induk University, 14 Choansan-gil, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-749, South Korea asybaek@induk.ac.kr Keywords: Tool edge, Orthogonal cutting, FEM simulation,Wear, Nose radius Abstract.
However, further data is needed to overcome the uncertainty in the hightemperature and strain rate material property data suitable for simulation of high-speed cutting.Classic orthogonal cutting model for continuous chip formation assumes plane-strain deformationconditions.
Infinite boundary elements are not available in the FEM software used,therefore the tool model is made sufficiently large such that doubling tool model area resulte dinless than1℃ increase in peak tool temperature.This results in the form given in Eq. (3), with depth of cutdcnormalized by1μmto make the base unit-less(μm/μm), and T0am bient temperature of 20℃: ∆T=T-T0=kvsdcn (3) The workpiece and tool third-dimensional depth was 1mm, though this does not affect any temperature values as heat transfer along the third-dimension is neglected in the model.
Tool wear expression in geometry can be realized with two factors: cutting speeds and tool geometry.
It has been identified that the temperature affects the tool wear.