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R (LD) = (LDmax - LDmin)/ dn (4) where LDmin and LDmax are the minimum and maximum measured values of LD within a group of repeated experience(s), and dn - a factor depending of experience(s) number of repetitions.
Experiment structure and process parameters Experience no. g [mm] F [N] τ [s] Voltage [V] / Intensity [A] Wire speed [m/min] Welding speed [m/min] Total process time, T0 [s] Number of repetitions 1 0 F0; 0 0 267 / 25.1 8.5 0.72 360 3 2 0 60 3 1.6 0 4 1.6 60 Practically, f, w, c, m processes, as well the manufacturing system (Fig. 3) were in three successive active main phases (see Fig. 2): f-w-c-m, during TW period of time; f-c-m, after weld completion, during τ period of time; nf-c-m, after τ time completion, until the end of T0 time.
[9] ***, NF EN ISO 14341, Wire electrode and weld deposits for gas shielded arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels, April 2011

In addition, a number of works are known [2, 8] which demonstrate that the appearance of meniscuses in the center of the craters is due to the perturbation of the surface liquid metal under the influence of high-voltage electric fields (generated by anode or cathode voltage drops) the force of surface pressure of the melted metal and that of the weight.
Further analysis of the lateral surface of Taylor type cones has demonstrated that during the process of solidification and constitution of solid material grains some asperities of nanometric dimensions are crystallized on their surface (Fig. 6).
The extraction of conic meniscuses through extensive oxidation of their surfaces was seen when the number of electric discharges increased.

The weld metal consists of mainly columnar dendritic grains and solidification fronts have met almost perpendicular as observed commonly with an austenitic stainless steel.
Average results for each series are presented in Fig. 4 with the curves numbered and ordered by the maximum extension. 316L sheet metal specimens elongate nearly double before breaking and laser welding does not have an influence on them: all the specimens broke from the base material, not the weld.
Fig. 4 Average stress-strain curves for each series numbered according to maximum extension.

In the as-received state 0.5C alloy is formed by lamellar a2 and g colonies with occasional presence of equiaxed grains of g phase at colony boundaries.
Specimens were cycled with low constant strain amplitude for a selected number of cycles.
Then, cycling with higher ea followed for number of cycles sufficient to stabilize the cyclic response of the material.

A great number of engineering practices and theoretical analyses show that almost all the concrete structures work with cracks and that just some very fine cracks are even invisible (<0.05mm), which is generally without great harm on the usage of the structure and allowed to exist.
Second, a number of small cracks can just be closed by the surface treatment.
The process is as follows: excavate two grooves along the sides of the cracks in the surface of the concrete; remove the intermediate portion so as to form a "V"-shaped groove, and clean it up; use water to wet, the next is to brush grain water mud, then fill the expanded mortar; do the conservation in the troweling wet surface.

Further graining of non-collagen proteins was performed using 10 % NaCl (1:10 weight/volume) for 24 hours.
SDS-PAG electrophoregram of collagen obtained during the first extraction: М – molecular weight markers (200, 116, 97, 66, 45 kDa); № 1 – 7 – method number The data on collagen extraction from the residues of raw material which remained after the first extraction were represented in Table 2.
SDS-PAG electrophoregram of collagen obtained during the second extraction: М – molecular weight markers (200, 116, 97, 66, 45 kDa); № 1 – 7 – method number Table 3. 

Introduction Dislocation networks (DN) at grain-boundaries have the particular significance in modern multicrystalline-silicon solar cells industry since their electrical activity dramatically influences the solar cells performance due to unwanted recombination of photo-generated carriers.
On the other hand, there is a constantly growing practical interest to DN due to a number of applications for microelectronics [3], among which we should highlight particularly the DRL again.
Directly bonded wafers are perfect artificial grain boundaries as they give precisely controllable and uniform over large area DN at a defined depth and parallel to the wafer surface being therefore an excellent object for studying the properties of dislocations.
In 2007 Yu et al. [21] while studying thick silicon bonded wafers sample in true grain-boundary mode have observed a large enhancement of D1/D2 CL intensity when external bias across the bonding interface was applied.

To overcome these issues, a number of different household treatment methods have been developed especially Bio-Sand Filter (BSF).
MBSF showed high effluent pH during the first few days because of the leaching of chemical from medias’ activation and ions that attached to the surface of grain size.
Moreover, there were still the presence of (K+ and Na+) during the media cleaning that attached to the surface area of grain size.
This due to the distribution of media’s grain size, pore size, media’s depth and quality of influent water [13].

All the samples were cleaned by Soxhlet extraction with acetone and grain alcohol for 4h, air-dried and then rinsed thoroughly in distilled water to remove reagents, inorganic and proteinaceous materials.
Table 1 The roughness parameters of untreated and treated wool fibers Sample number Average (Ra) Root mean square (Rq) Peak-to-valley (Rpv) 0# 35.08 133.09 488.11 1# 59.30 234.62 726.23 2# 24.11 169.78 483.78 FTIR analysis The infrared spectra of the samples are shown in Fig. 2.
Table 3 Tensile properties of single wool fiber Sample number Breaking strength (deviation), [cN] Breaking extension (deviation),[%] Initial modulus (deviation), [cN/dtex] Breaking work (deviation), [mJ] 0# 6.32(1.34) 45.47(4.40) 28.76(7.94) 0.51(0.12) 1# 5.18(1.47) 45.51(6.11) 22.26(7.44) 0.41(0.13) 2# 5.07 (1.45) 48.69(8.43) 27.52(8.37) 0.44(0.15) Conclusions Wool fiber was treated by ozone-assisted treatment.

A large number of water supply plants don’t have a safe way, it has been a heavy burden for the waterworks, and caused the second-pollution on the environment [1]-[3] Ceramsite, as a kind of lightweight aggregate, attracts more attention for its light body, insulation and environment protection.
If the sludge could be made as the material which is used to fire the ceramsite, not only can solve the problems, but at the same time can dispose of a large number of sludge in the waterworks, realized the resource utilization.
Test of ceramsite quality Test items Test data grain composition (mm) 10~16 bulk density（kg/m3） 1200 strength of tube pressure(MPa) 8.0 water absorption(%) 1.0 frost resistance qualified solidity qualified Generally, bulk density and strength of tube pressure are introduced as two important parameters to assess ceramsite performance.