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Online since: December 2010
Authors: Susana Méndez, Jacques Lacaze, Iker Asenjo, Jon Sertucha, Ramón Suárez, Peio Larrañaga
.%) of the same inoculant in powder (grain size 0.2 to 0.6 mm) was made at the bottom of one of the cavities while other additions could be similarly placed in the two other cavities.
A nodularity index NI was also evaluated as the ratio of the number of spheroidal particles to the total amount of graphite particles.
Spot analysis was performed on inclusions and the number of each kind was evaluated, see Table 2.
The number of inclusions is much higher in Ce-treated than in Mg-treated alloys, they are mainly (Ce,La)S and CeP in the former, MgS in the latter.
When the number of particles was measured, average values per mm-2 are given, otherwise the observation is noted with ●.
Online since: January 2022
Authors: Hafida Zmamou, Daniel Levacher, Nathalie Leblanc, Irini Djeran Maigre, Andry Razakamanantsoa, Mazhar Hussain
Image analysis Number of fibers and cross-section area occupied by fibers were determined with ImageJ software.
Average number of six cross sections of a brick with 3cm long fibers is 272 fibers and they cover 6.71% area of a brick cross section.
In case of 2cm long fibers, average number of fibers for a cross section is 280 fibers and they occupy 6.46% area of a brick cross section.
Number of fibers and area occupied by fibers in a cross section is shown in Fig. 6c.
Number of fibers in case of 2cm length fibers is slightly higher due to small length of fibers.
Online since: February 2025
Authors: Yuliana Hapon, Maryna Chyrkina-Kharlamovа, Yana Zmaha, Dmytro Tregubov
The total number of aggregated water molecules is proportional to the cluster length.
As a hypothesis, we assume that the deviations cause is changes in the molecules combination geometry into clusters and the cluster different coordination number.
Instead, Pmax is determined by the explosion maximum temperature and the moles additional number formation in explosion products at a system constant volume.
We explained the limited solubility as the all water molecules aggregation by the solute molecules certain number.
Sanket, Development of New Transferable Coarse-Grained Models of Hydrocarbons, J.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: E.A. Brocchi, F.J. Moura, I.G. Solórzono, M.S. Motta
Due to their unique properties these materials can be used in a large number of applications.
Estrella, Hydrogen Reduction Route towards the Production of Nano-Grained Alloys - Synthesis and Characterization of Fe2Mo Powder, PhD thesis, Sweden: Department of Material Science and Engineering, Division of Metallurgy of Royal Institute of Technology (2002) [2] M.S.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Zhan Qiang Liu, Yue Bin Guo
This increase in number of slip systems at high cutting temperatures could be an explanation to improved ductility of Mg alloys and the resultant continuous chips rather than short breaking chips observed in machining of Mg-Al alloys used in automotive industry such as AM20, AM50, AM60, and AZ91.
Mg-Al alloys with 2 to 9 wt% Al will have more barriers in their dislocations’ path than Mg-Ca (0.8wt%) alloy for the same number of slip systems.
More alloying element in substitutional and/or interstitial form(s) will increase strain fields in both number and intensity.
They used micro grain tungsten carbide inserts.
The FBU formation for the particular case under investigation in this study would be as follow: Stage I (initiation) - thermally softened Mg alloy, with a semi-solid mix at grain boundaries, flows on the rake face of the cutting inserts due to shear action.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: M.Y. Elistratkin, N.I. Alfimova, I.M. Shurakov, Valery Lesovik
However, studies in the subject simultaneously bring a number of issues to light, which require further understanding.
We hold that currently it is viable to concentrate attention on solving the problems of the first stage; interest in such problems is evident in a number of publications [10-14].
Table 1 – Strength of composites in various storage conditions [MPa] Hardening time, [days] Cement Fine-grained cement Composite binder with 50% MA1 additive Composite binder with 50% MA2 additive storage in water air storage storage in water air storage storage in water air storage storage in water air storage 3 12,4 15,4 22,3 22,3 6 7,9 7,6 10,1 6 25,4 19,7 30,9 22,9 8,9 8,3 11,8 9,6 28 49,7 22,6 60,2 29,3 28 8,5 38,9 10,8 Curing under water allows to assess the potential for binder application, while curing under dry conditions simulates behavior of the material in the printed structure.
Conclusion Based on the above, development of composites for construction printing shall be based on a number of principles.
At that, it is assumed, that adjusting its ratio, coarseness and grain distribution one may significantly influence the efficiency of mold compounds being produced.
Online since: January 2026
Authors: Calin D. Marioara, Tore Børvik, Ole Runar Myhr, Oddsture Hopperstad, Asle Joachim Tomstad
The dislocation density was low, but sub-grains of one to a few micrometres were observed.
The module includes: (i) nucleation laws predicting the number of stable nuclei formed at each time step; (ii) rate laws calculating the dissolution or the growth rate of particles within each discrete size class; and (iii) a continuity equation, tracking the solute tied up as precipitates.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Peng Jun Cao, Hai Dong Wu, Ji Ling Dong
Stamatakis pointed out that to attenuate the 300~400nm ultraviolet ray the optimal grain size of the spherical TiO2 is 50~120nm, which is close to our calculation result.
Table 6 The thickness of topcoat Mass fraction (%) of nano-TiO2 Serial number 1 2 3 4 5 0 0.98 2.1 3 46µm 43 µm 48µm 45 µm 42 µm 45µm 42µm 46 µm 43 µm 45 µm 41µm 45 µm 43µm 46 µm 43 µm 42µm 44 µm 43 µm 45 µm 46 µm Adhesion force.
Table 8 The resisting impact strength of topcoat Mass fraction (%) of nano-TiO2 Serial number 1 2 3 4 5 0 0.98 2.1 3 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.50J 0.40J 0.40J 0.40J 0.40J 0.40J Hardness.
Table 9 The hardness of topcoat Mass fraction (%) of nano-TiO2 Serial number 1 2 3 4 5 0 0.98 2.1 3 0.52 0.54 0.51 0.55 0.52 0.56 0.58 0.55 0.60 0.58 0.59 0.60 0.62 0.63 0.61 0.62 0.64 0.63 0.65 0.64 Water fastness.
Table 10 The water fastness of topcoat Mass fraction (%) of nano-TiO2 Serial number 1 2 3 4 5 0 0.98 2.1 3 <120h <120h <120h <120h <120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h >120h Aging resistance.
Online since: September 2008
Authors: Kiyohide Wada, Yong Liu
It was proposed that the amount of retained martensite increases with increased number of training and thereby promotes the TWME [6].
We have conducted a large number of strain-temperature measurements which encompass the stress-assisted two-way memory effect (SATWME) and TWME.
Increase in the number of training cycles resulted in the progressive increase of Ms, while showing progressive decrease of As-temperature.
These dislocations tangles and the density increases with increased number of training cycles.
Deforming the specimen beyond the stress-plateau region causes further detwinning and reorientation of martensite, accompanied by a high density of dislocations forming at the grain boundaries (Fig. 12(a)).
Online since: March 2007
Authors: Mitsuo Niinomi, Toshikazu Akahori, Hisao Fukui, Michiharu Ogawa
An average diameter of beta grain is around 20 μm.
Plain fatigue properties in air: Maximum cyclic stress-fatigue life (the number of cycles to failure) curves, i.e., S-N curves, obtained from plain fatigue tests on TNTZST and TNTZCR conducted with various thermomechanical treatments in air are shown in Fig. 2, along with ranges of fatigue limits of hot-rolled and cast Ti-6Al-4V ELI and Ti-6Al-7Nb [12].
in air. 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Maximum Cyclic Stress,σmax/MPa Number of Cycles to Failure,Nf 105 106 107 104 Fati gue Limit Range of Ti-6Al-4V ELI Fati gue Limit Range of Ti-6Al-7Nb TNTZST TNTZST Aged at 598 K TNTZST Aged at 673 K TNTZST Aged at 723 K TNTZCR Aged at 598 K TNTZCR Aged at 673K TNTZCR TNTZCR Aged at 723 K Non Failure at 107 Cycles High Cycle Fatigue Life Region Low Cycle Fati gue Li fe Region with that of TNTZST and TNTZCR in both the low-(less than 10 5 cycles) and high-cycle (more than 105 cycles) fatigue life regions.
The notch fatigue strengths of aged TNTZST and TNTZCR at stress concentration 10 104 105 106 107 108 3 200 300 400 500 600 700 Maximum Cyclic Stress, σmax/MPa Number of Cycles to Failure, Nf TNTZST TNTZST Aged at 598 K TNTZST Aged at 673 K TNTZST Aged at 723 K TNTZCR Aged at 598 K TNTZCR Aged at 673K TNTZCR TNTZCR Aged at 723 K Fig. 3 S-N curves of TNTZ subjected to various thermo-mechanical treatments obtained from notchfatigue tests at (a) stress concentration factors of 2 and (b) 6 in air. 100 200 300 400 500 10 104 105 106 107 108 3 Maximum Cyclic Stress, σmax/MPa Number of Cycles to Failure, Nf (a) (b) 10 104 105 106 107 108 3 200 300 400 500 600 700 Maximum Cyclic Stress, σmax/MPa Number of Cycles to Failure, Nf TNTZST TNTZST Aged at 598 K TNTZST Aged at 673 K TNTZST Aged at 723 K TNTZST TNTZST Aged at 598 K TNTZST Aged at 673 K TNTZST Aged at 723 K TNTZCR Aged at 598 K TNTZCR Aged at 673K TNTZCR TNTZCR Aged at 723 K
TNTZCR Aged at 598 K TNTZCR Aged at 673K TNTZCR TNTZCR Aged at 723 K Fig. 3 S-N curves of TNTZ subjected to various thermo-mechanical treatments obtained from notchfatigue tests at (a) stress concentration factors of 2 and (b) 6 in air. 100 200 300 400 500 10 104 105 106 107 108 3 Maximum Cyclic Stress, σmax/MPa Number of Cycles to Failure, Nf (a) (b) factors of 2 and 6 decrease by 30% to 40% and 50% to 60%, respectively, as compared with the plain fatigue strengths in the low-fatigue life region (Fig. 2).
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